金钥匙寒假初一上.doc

金钥匙学校初一下英语寒假班（三）语法专题一：介词一介词at/ in /on .1.表示时间：1).表示某一具体时间点，某一时刻/ 年龄 at six oclock at noon at that time at the moment at the age of at night 2)in表示时间段,一天的三个时间段以及月份,年,季节,世纪,人生的某个时期(某人几十岁时) in the morning/afternoon /evening in spring /in 2007/in March in the twenty-first century in his fifties3)on表示星期几/某一具体的日子/具体某天的上午/下午/晚上,表示一天中的三个时间段名词前有修饰语或后有修饰语时.On Monday on New Years Day on Sunday morning on a rainy night on the evening of April 1st ,20072表地点:1)at 一般指较小的地点或较具体的位置 at the station at the cinema 2)in 表示在较大的地点或一个有限空间里. in China in the classroom 3)on 指在某物体的表面上. on the desk注意: 写街道时,若有门牌号用at ,否则用on / in 都可. He lives at 270 DongChangan Street.二.介词in /on / to 表方位:1.in表示A地在B地范围之内.(包含关系) Tanwan is _ the southeast of China .2.on表示A,B地接壤.(外切关系) Hubei is _ the north of Hunan .3.to表示A,B两地有一定的间距.(外离关系) Japan is _ the east of China .三. between / among 在之间1.between :指两者之间. 在.之间.2.among :用于三者或三者以上人或物之间. 在之中. You sit _ him and me . The song is popular _ the students.四.after / in 在之后1. after 1)after + 时间段. 表示以过去某一时刻为起点的一段时间之后, 用于过去时.2)after 作介词. after doing sth 2.in +一段时间. 表示说话时或以现在为起点的将来一段时间之后.用于将来时. He came back _ two days . He will go home_finishing his homework . He will come back _ two days .五.with / in / by 表示 “用”1.with 表示 “用” 一般指有形的工具 / 手段 / 人体器官. He cut the apple into halves _ a knife . 注: with 表伴随, “带有,含有” He came in _ a big smile on his face .2.in表示用某种语言,方式,途径. 或书写/绘画所用的材料. 也可表交通方式.Can you say it _English ?He wrote a letter _ blue ink .3.by表示乘坐交通工具, 表示方式,方法I study for a test _ working with a group .He makes a living _ selling newspapers .注意: 同义词组1).by phone = on the phone 2).by car = in a car 3).in pen = with a pen = with pens 六.across / through / over / by 经过1.across 指横穿,穿过. 表示动作从某一物体表面上经过.2.through 指穿过,透过,表示从某一物体空间内通过.3.over 表示从某人或某物的上空经过或越过,不与表面接触.4.by 表示从某人/某物的旁边经过. Can you swim _ the river ? the elephant is so big that it cant go _ the gate . I dont think anyone can jump _ the fence. I walked _ the bank of China yesterday .七.in front of / in the front of 1.in the front of 表示在.内部的前面2.in front of 表示在外面的前面 There is a desk in _ front of our classroom . There is a big tree in _ front of our classroom.八其它介词的用法：1.at的其它用法.1).表示 “从事或正在做某事”,其后加的名词往往不加冠词. She is at work now = She is working now .2)at表示 “价格或速度” The train ran at 120 kilometres an hour .2.in的其它用法:1)in表示 “在方面” 词组:do well in = be good at be weak in 2)in 表示 “穿着”后接表颜色的词或衣服. 词组: be in +衣服 = be wearing +衣服3)in作副词, “在家” = at home 3.like 的用法:1).像/和一样. 常与系动词连用. 词组: look like sound like 2).与what 连用, “是什么样子, 怎样”. What is he like ? He is kind .4.off的用法:1).从下来, 脱离某物体. 词组: fall off 2). “休假”通常放在时间名词之后. 词组: have +时间+ off He hasnt had a night off for two hours .5.except / besides 1).except 除了.之外, 都. . 不包括在范围之内. 注: nothing but 除了之外,什么也没有.2).besides除了之外,还有 . 包括在范围之内. We all went swimming _ Lucy . We study Japanese and French_ English .6.with / without 1).with具有,含有 -反义词: without 没有词组: with the help of = with ones help =because of = thanks to without ones help 2).without 的用法: A).without + sb./ sth. 没有某人或某物 B).without + doing sth . He left here without_(say ) “Goodbye”to usC). without sth 常与if 引导的否定的条件句. If there is no water , we cant live .= We cant live _ _ .7.on the tree /in the tree on the tree 表示 “树上本身长的东西” 在树上. 而in the tree 表示 “外界的物体进入树中” 人或物在树上. There are some apples _ the tree . There is a boy _ the tree.8.since / for 注: since / for 用于现在完成时.1).since : a).since +时间点 b). 现在完成时+ since +一般过去时 c).since +一段时间+ ago.2)for: for +一段时间= since +一段时间+ ago9.be made +介词的区别: be made of 由制成 (看得见原材料) be made from由制成 (看不见原材料)be made in +地点 由哪儿生产 be made by sb. 由某人制造10.表示 “数量的介词”about , round around over 1). about , round around表示 “大约” 2).over 表示 “超过”= more than.11.inside / outside Inside 在里面 -反义词:outside在.外面12.in the wall /on the wall in the wall 表示“门窗在墙上” on the wall 表示“某东西张贴或挂在墙上”九.不用介词的情况:1).当时间状为: tonight, today, yesterday, tomorrow 等时,不用介词. What are you going to do tonight ?2).含有this, that, these, those, last, next, every, each等时间状语. He went to Wuhan last week .3).以all 开头的时间状语前面不用介词. He has worked all day .4).以some ,any, one 等构成的时间状语前不用介词. He met a bad man one cold morning .= He met a bad man on a cold morning .介词专练I. 单项选择。（50分）( ) 1. _ the morning of May, we visited the old man. A. On B. At C. In D. With( )2. Most people work _ the day and sleep _ night. A. on ; at B. in ; in C. in ; at D. on; on ( )3. Lin speaks English best _ the boy students. A. between B. with C. on D. among( )4. A wolf _a sheepskin often makes us confused. A. with B. in C. on D. of( )5.Susan will come back _ three days. A. after B. for C. in D. on( ) 6. They gave the bag to us _ mistake. A. by B. for C. on D. with( ) 7.David left Puan _a cold winter morning.A. at B. before C. on D. in( ) 8.Guizhou is _ the southwest of China. A. in B. on C. to D. off ( ) 9. _my mothers help, I succeeded in finishing the work. A. Under B. On C. With D. In( ) 10.My father is very strict _ me and hes very strict _ his work, too. A. with; on B. with ; in C. in ; with D. with ; with( )11.She really cant agree_ me. A. to B. on C. with D. of( ) 12.The bookstore will open from nine oclock _ five pm. A. until B. at C. during D. to( )13.How _ going out for an outing today? A. about B. of C. with D. on( ) 14.I spent most of my money _lottery(彩票). A. in B. with C. on D. of( ) 15. We are talking _a low voice. A. with B. in C. on D. about ( ) 16.Its very kind _you to say so A. for B. to C. of D. on ( ) 17.What will you have _dinner this evening? A. with B. for C. by D. on ( ) 18.An airplane is flying _the city. A. on B. over C. above D. below( ) 19.We are having a good time _ the party.A. at B. in C. with D. on ( ) 20.Ken will stay in the city _ this weekend. A. to B. on C. till D. at( ) 21. Its not right to play jokes _your teachers. A. in B. of C. with D. on( ) 22.Which one do you like better? I prefer the bigger one _the smaller one. A. for B. as C. to D. on ( ) 23.We will give them a talk _how to save time.A. for B. with C. in D. on( ) 24.She paid three thousand yuan_ that second-hand motorcycle. A. in B. for C. on D. at( ) 25. The doctor is very patient _ his patients.A. to B. on C. at D. in( ) 26.Human beings cant live _ air.A. in B. with C. without D. on( ) 27. The little child is always afraid _ making any mistakes. A. at B. for C. of D. about( ) 28.My English teacher was very angry_ me for being late this morning. A. for B. with C. at D. on ( ) 29.What do you think _ the movie, Jim?A. about B. like C. of D. on( ) 30.My aunt is away from home, so I have to look _her baby. A. for B. at C. up D. after( ) 31.Reading _ the sun is bad _ your eyes.A. under; for B. in ; for C. in ; to D. into; for( ) 32.I wont believe there are aliens unless I see them_ my own eyes.A. by B. for C. with D. without( ) 33.They go to school every day _ Sunday. A. except B. without C. on D. at( ) 34.We met some dangerous animals while we went _ the forest. A. in B. between C. through D. across( ) 35.Wade sometimes falls asleep _ the English lesson. A. for B. through C. during D. with( ) 36.Mrs. Wang went to Tokyo_ a few days. A. for B. in C. after D. before( ) 37.We will leave _ Paris next month. A. to B. from C. for D. off( ) 38. Are you going to the station _bus or _my car? A. on ; by B. by ; in C. on ; in D. in ; by( ) 39.My grandfather wakes up several times _ night.A. in B. at C. on D. towards ( ) 40. They arrived in Beijing _ 6 oclock _the morning. A. on; in B. at; in C. at; on D. in; on ( ) 41. Everyone is here _Lucy. She is still on the way to school.A. besides B. about C. except D. on( ) 42. They sent me a nice toy _a birthday present. A. on B. as C. for D. to( ) 43. Tom has studied Chinese in this school _the year of 2009.A. since B. in C. on D. by( ) 44. -What is a toothbrush used for? -Its used brushing your teeth.A. with B. to C. for D. by( ) 45. English is widely used _ travelers and business people all over the world.A. to B. for C. as D. by( ) 46. The paper is made _ wood. A. of B. from C. in D. on( ) 47. Hong Kong is _ the south of China and Macao is _ the west of Hong Kong. A. in; to B. to; to C. to; in D. in; in( ) 48. In order to catch up _ others, I study harder than ever. A. in B. of C. with D. off( ) 49.There are many bananas _the tree. A money _the tree is picking a banana. A. in; on B. on; in C. in; at D. on, on ( ) 50. This afternoon we will play a football game _Class Two.A. about B. by C. against D. in II用正确的介词填空。（5分）51. Please take care _ Mrs. Greens cat while she is away.52. My sister is good at English while I do well _ PE.53. I can see the blackboard clearly because I sit _ the back of the classroom.54. _ the leadership of CCP, everyone is living a happy life.55. He got to school late as a result _ traffic jam.阅读专练AMobile phone (手机) has become a problem for middle schools. Some middle schools in Australia have banned (禁止) students from carrying mobile phones during school hours. Mobile phone use among children has become a problem for the schools this year. Several children have got mobile phones as Christmas presents, and more students want them. Mary Bluett, an official (官员), said mobile phone use is a distraction (分心) to students during school hours and it also gives teachers so much trouble in their classrooms. Teachers were also saying that sometimes students might use phone messages to cheat during exams. She said some schools had tried to ban mobile phones. Some parents felt unhappy, because they couldnt get in touch with（联系） their children. Many teachers said students should not have mobile phones at school, but if there was a good reason, they could leave their phones at school office. They also said there were many reasons why the students should not have mobile phones at school; they were easy to lose and were a distraction from studies. Many people say that they understand why parents would like their children to have phones, but they think schools should let the students know when they can use their mobile phones.（）1. Some middle schools in Australia have banned students from carrying mobile phones . A. because they are studentsB. when they are free C. when they are at schoolD. because they are children（）2. We know from the passage that some children get mobile phones from . A. the makers and sellersB. the passers-by and strangers C. their parents and friendsD. some mobile phone users（）3. What does the word “cheat” mean in the passage in Chinese? A. 聊天B. 核对C. 查询D. 作弊（）4. Some parents felt unhappy because they couldnt during school hours. A. use their mobile phonesB. leave their mobile phones at school office C. help the teachers with their workD. get in touch with their children（）5. The passage tells us that . A. students shouldnt have mobile phones at school except for some special reasons B. it is impossible to ban students from using mobile phone at school C. some parents felt unhappy because they couldnt use their phones at school D. parents should teach their children how to use mobile phones during school hoursBLong, long ago there were only a few thousand people in the world. These people move from place to place over the land, hunting animals for food. No one knows how or when these people learned about growing food. But when they did, their lives changed. They did not have to look for food any more. They could stay in one place and grow it. People began to live near one another. And so the first village grew. Many people came to work in the villages. These villages grew very big. When machines appeared(出现), life in the villages changed again. Factories were built. More and more people lived near the factories. The cities grew very big.Today some people are moving back to small towns. Can you tell why?( )1. The best title(题目)of the text should be _.A. Cities or VillagesB. Back to Towns C. How Cities GrewD. People and Animals( )2. The underlined word they in the second paragraph refers to(指的是) _.A. villages B. animals C. cities D. people( )3. When factories were built, _.A. more people live near the factories B. people began to live in the factoriesC. many people began to work in villages D. many machines appeared in big factories( )4. We can learn from the text that _.A. people like to work only in big cities B. some people dont like to live in big citiesC. there will be no small towns in the future D. it is better to live in cities than in villages( )5. In what order did people do the following things?A. Worked in villages B. Lived near the factories.C. Learned to grow food. D. Built factories.E. Began to live near each other.A. d, b, a, e, c B. e, a, c, d, b,C. c, e, a, d, b D. a. c. d. e. bCIn a small town, there lived a doctor. He was good and kind. He was ready to go and help people. People always went to him when they were ill. Many years later, the doctor began to forget things. People were afraid, they stopped going to him. The doctor saw his business wasnt as good as before. He thought, Well, if I was the patient (病人), I d be afraid to go to me too. Maybe its time for me to stop being a doctor. But this town has no doctor. What will the people do when they become ill? His wife heard him talking to himself and said, Why dont you find a young doctor to take your place? Then people will have another good doctor to take care of them and I will get my husband back. The doctor liked what his wife said. He found a very good young doctor to help the people. The doctor and his wife then had time to take long walks together, go dancing, go traveling and spend the rest(剩余部分) of their days together.( ) 1.Whats the story about?A. A husband B. A wifeC. A small town D. A doctor( ) 2.The people the doctor when he forgot things.A. helped B. went to see C. stopped going to D. forgot( )3.The doctors business wasnt as good as before because .A. he was always ready to help people B. people were afraid of him and his wifeC. he was old and forgetful D. he found a very good young doctor to help the people( ) 4.The expression to take your place in the passage means .A. to take you home B. instead of youC. to take care of you D. to take your time( ) 5.Which of the following is NOT true?A. The old doctor agreed with what his wife said.B. The old doctor was still busy working at the doctors.C. The people werent taken care of by the old doctor any more when he was old.D. The doctor and his wife had more time to enjoy their lives after the young doctor came.