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必修1 Unit 3Travel journal要点梳理高效梳理知识备考重点单词1journal n日记；杂志；定期刊物journalist n记者2transport n. & vt.运输；运送transportation n交通工具3prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)preferable adj.较适合的；更可取的preference n偏爱；爱好；喜爱4disadvantage n不利条件；不便之处advantage(反义词)5persuade vt.说服；劝说persuasion n劝服persuasive adj.劝说的；有说服力的6graduate vi.毕业n.大学毕业生graduation n毕业7finally adv.最后；终于8schedule n时间表；进度表 vt.为某事安排时间9stubborn adj.顽固的；固执的10organize vt.组织；成立organized adj.有组织的organization n组织11determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心determined adj.坚决的；有决心的determination n决心12journey n旅行；旅程13bend n弯；拐角 vt. (bent, bent)使弯曲vi.弯身；弯腰14attitude n态度；看法15forecast n. & vt.预测；预报16reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的17view n风景；视野；观点；见解 vt.观看；注视；考虑18beneath prep.在下面重点短语1ever since从那以后2be fond of 喜欢3care about 关心；担心4change ones mind 改变主意5make up ones mind 下定决心6give in(to) 投降；屈服7as usual 通常；照常8at midnight 在午夜9dream about doing 梦想干某事10graduate from 从毕业11at an altitude of 在高度12put up a tent 搭起帐篷13for one thing，.for another 一方面，另一方面14cant/can hardly wait to do sth. 迫不及待地干某事重点句型1Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车旅行。2It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 首先想到要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅行的是我的姐姐。3When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。4Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.她一旦下定决心，什么也不能使她改变。5A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.有决心的人总是努力完成工作的，而不管它有多难。高考范文(2009湖北卷)假设你是华华，与英国网友汤姆约定用对方的母语通信，以提高各自的外语水平。最近你收到汤姆的电子邮件(附后)，发现有一个成语使用不当。请根据下列要点，用英文回一封电子邮件。要点：1.不应使用“无所不为”，应使用“无所事事”；2说明这两个成语的用法；3给予鼓励。注意：1.词数为100左右；2.参考释义：无所不为do all kinds of bad things无所事事have nothing to do；3除以上两个成语外，邮件中不得使用其他汉字或拼音；4电子邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好(不计入你所写词数)，但不得抄入答题卡。附(汤姆的邮件)：华华，你好！近几天在忙什么事？有什么有意思的事吗？我们的学校放假了，所以这几天在家无所不为，饱食终日，只好上网发伊妹儿。没意思。我决定找份工作，做个自食其力的人。祝好！汤姆Hi! Tom，Nice to read your email today. I notice youve begun to use Chinese idioms and used most of them correctly. Hope youll find a job soon. Huahua【思路点拨】09年湖北高考英语的书面表达是解释一位英国网友信里的一个汉语成语的使用错误。本篇书面表达写作素材新颖，给学生一定的自由空间。这个书面表达的“点”非常明确，但是把那些要点用英语表达清楚地道不出汉式句子并不容易。【范文】Hi! Tom,Nice to read your email today. I notice youve begun to use Chinese idioms and used most of them correctly.However, Im afraid there is one mistake Id like to point out. It is “无所不为”. This idiom means “do all kinds of bad things”. Are you doing all kinds of bad things at home? I guess what you were really trying to say is that youve got nothing to do these days. In that case, you should use “无所事事”. We usually use “无所不为” to express the idea that people dare to do anything bad, and “无所事事” to describe the situation in which people have got nothing meaningful to do. Have I made myself clear?Anyway, Im amazed at the progress youve made.Hope youll find a job soon.Huahua考点探究互动探究能力备考.词汇短语过关1transport n. & vt. 运送；运输transport sb./sth. to.把运到means of transport交通工具public transport公共交通【即学即练1】(1) You will _ the resort by coach.游览车将把你们送到度假胜地。(2) The goods _ by plane.货物用飞机运送。【答案】（1）be transported to （2）were transported2prefer vt. 更喜欢preference n. 偏爱prefer sth. 更喜欢某事物prefer to do /doing sth. 更喜欢做某事prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth.prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做而不做/相比更喜欢做prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事prefer that sb. (should) do sth.【即学即练2】(1) I prefer _(_) there.我宁愿步行去那儿。(2)He said he _ the country _ the city.他说城市和乡村相比，他更喜欢乡村。(3)She prefers _ to _.跳舞和唱歌相比，她更喜欢跳舞。【答案】（1）to walk walking (2)Preferred to (3)dancing singing(4) The soldier preferred _ rather than _.这位战士宁死不屈。(5)Id prefer you _ there alone.我倒希望你不要单独去那儿。(6) We prefer that they (_) _ it in a different way.我们倒希望他们用一种不同的方法去做。 (4)to die give in (5)not to go (6)should do提示：1.prefer 是“更喜欢”的意思，即 like better, 因此 prefer 不能再与 better, more 等比较级词语连用。2prefer 的过去式、过去分词、现在分词要双写字母r，然后加ed或ing。3persuade vt. 劝说；说服persuasion n. 说服；信服；信念persuasive adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的persuade sb. to do sth.persuade sb. into doing sth.说服某人做某事persuade sb. not to do sth.persuade sb. out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事 try to persuade sb. to do sth.advise sb. to do sth.尽力劝说某人做某事(但未必劝服)persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信persuade sb.that 从句使某人相信【即学即练3】(1)I have never persuaded him _ _ others advice.我从没说服过他听从别人的劝告。(2)She tried to persuade him _ his mind.她试图劝他改变主意。(3)How can I persuade you _ my sincerity?How can I persuade you _ I am sincere?我怎样才能使你相信我的诚意呢？【答案】（1）into taking （2）to change （3）of that比较：persuade/advise(1)advise 表示“劝告”的动作，不看结果，而 persuade 强调“已经说服”； advise 可接动词的ing 形式做宾语，也可接 that 引导的宾语从句(必须用虚拟语气 “should动词原形”)，而 persuade 不能。(2)persuade 还有“使人相信”的意思，搭配 persuade sb. of sth. 和 that 从句，而 advise 无此用法。4determine vt.&vi. 决定；确定；(使)下定决心determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的determination n. 决心determinen./pron. 决(确)定某事determine on/upon. 决定determine to do sth. 决定做某事(表示动作，非延续性动词短语)be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表示状态，可与表示时间段的状语连用)determine sb. to do sth. 使某人下决心做某事determine that/be determined that. 决心/定做某事【即学即练4】(1)Income _ ones standard of living.收入决定一个人的生活水平。(2) I have determined _ going to the countryside after graduation. 我已决定毕业后到农村去。(3) He firmly determined _ in the world whatever it took.他下定决心无论如何都要出人头地。【答案】（1）determines （2）on/upon （3）to rise (4)She determined that she _ never _ him again.她下决心再也不要见到他。(5) We _ catch up with them in a month.我们下定决心一个月内赶上他们。(6)The teachers encouraging words _. 老师鼓舞的话使他决心努力学习。 【答案】（1）would see （2）are determined to （3）determined him to work hard5attitude n. 态度；看法【即学即练5】(1)Whats your attitude _ the plan?你对此计划看法如何？(2)Its not his work that bothers me; its his _.困扰我的不是他的工作，而是他的态度。【答案】（1）to （2）attitude提示：attitude “态度；看法”，常与介词 to/towards 连用。have a.attitude to/towards. “对有的态度”。6care about 关心，在乎care about 关心，在乎，在意(多用于疑问或否定句)care for 喜欢或喜好某人/物(多用于否定或疑问句)；照顾；照看take care of (look after) 照顾take care 当心；小心with care 小心地medical care 医疗服务【即学即练6】(1) He doesnt _ what happens to me.他不太关心我所发生的事。(2) Would you _ a drink? 你想喝一杯吗？(3) The state must _ the families of soldiers killed in the war. 国家必须照料阵亡军人家属的生活。【答案】（1）care much about （2）care for （3）care for7change ones mind 改变主意make up ones mind 下定决心call/bring sth. to mind 回忆起某事lose ones mind 发疯have a/no mind to do sth. 有/无意做某事fix/keep ones mind upon/on . 把注意力放在bear/keep. in mind 记住have.on ones mind 为某人操心/焦虑have.in mind 打算；考虑【即学即练7】(1)Since getting to know him better, Ive _ about him.更深入地了解了他以后，我改变了对他的看法。(2)Have you _ what to do?你已经拿定主意做什么了吗？(3)He will _ the beautiful girl _ forever.他将永远记住那位美丽的姑娘。【答案】（1）changed my mind （2）made up your mind （3）bear/keep in mind提示：在 change ones mind及 make up ones mind 短语中 mind 均为可数名词，有单复数形式变化。8give in 屈服；投降；让步；上交give in to sb. 对某人让步give away 赠送；泄漏；出卖give back 归还give off 放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音)give out 分发；用完；消耗尽，筋疲力尽give up 放弃，戒掉；停止；认输；把送交give over 移交give way to 给让路；屈服；被征服【即学即练8】(1) He has given _ our views finally.他最终顺从了我们的意见。(2) Everyone must give _ their reports before they leave.每个人在走之前必须上交他们的报告书。(3)Dont tell her; she is sure to give _ all your secrets.不要告诉她，她一定会泄露你所有的秘密。【答案】（1）in to （2）in （3）away(4)The police gave _ searching for the missing child.警察放弃寻找那个丢失的孩子。(5)The teacher gave _ our papers before the class.上课之前，老师给我们分发了试卷。(6)Wed better give the suspect _ the police.我们最好把嫌疑犯交给警察。(7)This piece of meat is giving _ a bad smell.这块肉正在发出臭味。【答案】（4）up （5）out （6）over to （7）off 提示：give in作“上交”讲时，是及物动词短语，代词做宾语时，要放在 give和 in之间，如：give them in；作“让步；投降”讲时，是不及物动词短语，后面接介词 to，如： give in to sb./sth.。.重点句型详解1Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车旅行。ever since “从那以后”，句子要与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用，类似的时间状语还有 so far, up till now, by now, recently, lately, since last month, in/for the past 一段时间，since.ago等。He came to England three years ago and has lived here ever since.他三年前来到英国，从那以后便一直住在这里。I havent seen her since ten years ago.自十年前至今，我没见过她。We have completed half of the work so far.到目前为止，我们完成了一半的工作。He hasnt written to me recently.他最近没给我写信。The couple have been working very hard for/in the past (last) ten years.在最近的十年里这对夫妇一直努力工作。拓展：It is/was/has been时间段since.自从已经多久了。It will be/was时间段before.再有多长时间才在 “It is/was时间段since.”句型中，若 since从句中的动词为延续性动词，句子意思要发生变化。It is three years since he joined the army. 他参军3年了。It is three years since he smoked.他戒烟3年了(不吸烟)。【即境活用1】(2009天津南开中学)How long do you suppose it is _ he arrived there?Awhen Bbefore Cafter Dsince解析：考查 “It is一段时间since.”，表示“自从到现在多长时间”。答案：D2When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。beadj.to do在“主语系动词形容词不定式”结构中，不定式与主语在意义上是动宾关系，但要用主动形式表被动意义；如果不定式的动词是不及物的，要在不定式后边加介词。用于这种句式中的形容词常为：easy, difficult, heavy, hard, nice, bitter, dangerous, interesting, important, comfortable, pleasant, impossible 等。The question is easy to answer.这问题容易回答。That book is difficult to understand.那本书难懂。The water in that river is not fit to drink.那条河中的水不宜饮用。Harry Potter is pleasant to read.哈利波特读起来让人感到愉快。He is easy to get along with.他很容易相处。拓展：此句式还可以拓展为 “find/feel/think/believe宾语adj.to do”。例如：I find English tongue twisters pleasant to learn.我觉得英语绕口令学起来很有意思。【即境活用2】(1)(2008全国)I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _.Ato be breathed Bto breatheCbreathing Dbeing breathed解析：考查 beadj.to do结构。答案：B(2)They found the lecture hard _； they all felt sleepy.Ato be understood Bfor understandingCto understand Dto have been understood解析：考查 “find宾语adj.to do”结构。答案：C3Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。“once状语从句”意为“一旦就”。在 once引导的状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。Once you remember it, youll never forget it.一旦你记住它，你就永远不会忘记它。Once you have promised, you must do it.一旦你许下诺言，你就必须履行。拓展：once 用做副词，可表示：(1)(for) one time 一次I have only been here once. 我只来过这儿一次。(2)at some time in the past 一度，曾经He once lived in Zambia. 他曾经(一度)住在赞比亚。(3)all at oncesuddenly 突然All at once the door opened. 突然门开了。【即境活用3】(2007福建)You will be successful in the interview _ you have confidence.Abefore Bonce Cuntil Dthough解析：考查 once引导带有时间意味的条件状语从句，意为“一旦就”。答案：B4A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.一个意志坚定的人总是努力完成工作，不管它多么困难。no matter ，作“不管”“无论”解，同 what/who/when/where/how 等疑问词连用，引导让步状语从句。No matter what he says, I wont believe him.不管他说什么，我都不会相信他。No matter when you come, you are welcome.无论你什么时候来都受欢迎。No matter whose bag this is, it must be kept here for the present. 不管这是谁的包，暂时必须放在这里。No matter who knocks, dont open the door.不管谁敲门，都不要开门。提示：(1) no matter what/who/when/how/where 可以换成whatever/whoever/whenever/however/wherever 引导让步状语从句。(2)whatever, whichever，whoever, whomever 还可以引导名词性从句。 Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 任何违犯了法律的人都应受到惩罚。(3)however 是副词，修饰形容词、副词主谓； whatever 是代词，修饰的是名词。如：However difficult it is, you must work it out.不管有多难，你都要解决这件事。Whatever difficulty there is, we must work together.不管有什么样的困难我们都要团结合作。 【即境活用4】(1)(2008上海)_ well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.AHowever BWhatever CNo matter DAlthough解析：考查 “howeveradj.主系动词”引导让步状语从句。答案：A(2)(2008全国)The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit _ the season.Awhatever Bwherever Cwhenever Dhowever解析：whatever 引导让步状语从句，意为“不管什么”。该句后半部分的完整形式应该是 whatever the season is。答案：A易错点拨自我完善误区备考1. fare/fee/charge/cost/price/expense(1)fare 指交通费用。(2)fee 指给律师、医生等的费用或(考试)报名费，入会费等。(3)charge (可数或不可数)费用，索价；记账，赊账。(4)cost (可数或不可数)代价，价格，费用；(常复数)成本。(5)price 价格，价钱。(6)expense 支出，开支，费用；(常复数)经费，支出金额；(薪水外的)津贴。【应用1】(1)He cant earn enough to cover his own living _.他挣的钱不够他自己的生活开销。(2) _ are going up.物价正在上涨。(3)After I gave the taxi _ to the driver, I went to the office to pay my lawyers _.付了出租车费后，我去事务所付了律师费。【答案】（1）expenses （2）Prices （3）fare fees(4)She built the house without regard to _.她盖这所房子根本不在乎花多少钱。(5)All goods are delivered free of _.一切物品免费送货。【答案】（4）cost （5）charge 2. finally/at last/ in the end(1)finally 常用来表示顺序，引出最后一项内容，一般不带有感情色彩。(2)at last 暗含“等候或耽误很长时间之后才”，带有浓厚的感情色彩，如不耐烦、不顺心、不如意等，而且语气很强烈。(3)in the end 表示经过许多变化、困难和捉摸不定的情况之后某事才发生，可以用来预示将来。【应用2】(1)_！ Where the hell have you been?总算找到你了！你到底上哪儿去了？(2)After a long delay the performance _ started.演出拖延很久，最后总算开始了。(3)_ they reached a place of safety.最后他们到达安全地带。【答案】（1）At last （2）finally （3）In the end3. view/scene/scenery/sight(1)view常指在远处或高处从某个角度看到的 scenery 的一部分，还有“观点，看法”的意思。(2)scene 普通名词，指“一眼可浏览的风景”，不限于自然景色，也可指“现场”“场景”。(3)scenery 集合名词，指某地方的“整个风景”，是由多个 scene构成的景色。(4)sight 风景，名胜。用复数形式指人文景观。【应用3】(1)There were distressing(悲惨的)_when the earthquake struck the city.(2)On the top of the mountain youll get a good_of the city.(3)Switzerland is wellknown for its impressive mountainous_.(4)Look! What a beautiful_of the sunset!【答案】（1）scenes （2）view （3）scenery或 sights （4）sight4. insist一词的用法【应用4】(1)Seeing that he was so seriously ill, I insisted that he _ to hospital at once.Awas sent Bbe sentCwill be sent Dhad been sent解析：insist在此表示“坚决要求”，从句中省略了情态动词should，这种句式结构为insist/suggest/demand that sb. (should) do sth.“坚持/建议/要求某人干某事”。题意：看到他病得这么严重，我坚持马上送他去医院。答案：B(2)The old worker insisted that he _ old and _ back to the working post again.Awasnt; be sent Bwasnt; was sentCbe not; send Disnt; sent解析：从题意看，这位老工人“坚持认为一种观点”和“坚决要求做某件事”。因此，涉及insist的两种不同用法。“老工人认为他没有老”，其谓语用正常时态；“应该再次被派往工作岗位”，其谓语要用(should) do形式。 答案：A(3)She insisted _ to Miami for her summer vacation though it would cost much money.Aon taking Bon being takenCto take Dto be taken解析：insist on doing sth.是常用短语，此处take与前面的主语是被动关系，故用动名词的被动式。答案：B(4)Sam insisted that he _ the law and _.Adidnt break; mustnt be punishedBdoesnt break; shouldnt punishChadnt broken; be not punishedDhadnt broken; not be punished解析：句意是：萨姆坚持说他没有犯法，不应当受到惩罚。“没有犯法”发生在insisted之前，所以不要用虚拟语气；“不要受到惩罚”发生在insisted之后，要用虚拟语气。答案：D (5)No matter what you say, I shall _ my opinion.Acarry out Binsist onCkeep up Dstick to解析：短语动词辨析。句意为：不论你说什么，我都要坚持我的意见。carry out完成，实现，执行；insist on多用于坚持主张、看法、意见或要求，后接动名词；keep up保持，维持；stick to表示坚持原则、决定、诺言、理论或理想等。答案：D高效作业自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1Father is thankful to me for p_ him to give up smoking.2We are flying at an a_ of 20 000 feet.3You should choose the p_ tool for the job.4Some people have a wrong a_ towards the disabled.5Does the environment d_ ones character?【答案】1. persuading 2. altitude 3. proper4. attitude 5. determine6In the _(日记), writers set down their experiences, ideas and afterthoughts about what they have seen.7After the _(最后的) exam, we had a good time on the hill.8After _(毕业) from college, he went to work in the poor area.9We all know that he is too _(顽固) to apologize.10The sun is now _ (在下面) the horizon.【答案】6. journal 7. final 8. graduating9. stubborn 10. beneath .单项选择1(2010安徽皖南八校二联)Could we put off our camping?_， this is the only day everyone is available.ANot obviously BNot exactlyCNot nearly DNot really答案：D解析：考查交际用语。Not really的意思与no相同，但语气更委婉，相当于Im afraid not。由this is the only day everyone is available可知，不能将外出宿营往后推。2She was so _ that she wouldnt give in until she received a full apology.Aserious Bdetermined Creliable Dstubborn答案：D解析：由until引导的时间状语可知她是一个很顽固的人。serious严肃的，认真的；determined有决心的；reliable可靠的；stubborn顽固的。3Im going to the States.How long _ you _ in the States?Aare; stayed Bare; staying Chave; stayed Ddid; stay答案：B解析：用进行时态表将来。4Michael never dreamt of _ for him to be sent abroad so soon.Abeing a chance Btheres a chanceCthere to be a chance Dthere being a chance答案：D解析：dream of“梦想”，of为介词，后接动词ing形式；there being a chance.为动名词的复合结构。5My father has never liked meat, but he always had a _ for fruit and vegetables.Ainterest Bpreference Centhusiasm Ddevotion答案：B解析：句意为：我爸爸从不喜欢肉，他更喜欢水果和蔬菜。A.兴趣；B.偏爱，更喜欢；C.热情；D.致力，贡献。6Despite such a big difference in the _ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the West regard the Chinese food as something special.Apoint Bidea Cattitude Dsight答案：C解析：考查名词辨析。只有 attitude可与 towards 搭配，意为“对的态度”。7Much to our delight, John was finally _ to join in our adventurous travel to the South Pole.Aadvised Bagreed Cadmitted Dpersuaded答案：D解析：由much to our delight 可知选 persuade，表示“说服”。8Mrs Smith has tried many times to persuade her husband to give _ smoking, but Mr Smith wouldnt listen. Finally Mrs Smith had to give _ and let him be.Ain; in Bup; up Cup; in Din; up答案：C解析：give updoing 意为“放弃做某事”；第二空 give in表示“屈服，让步”。9Jane is very popular because she is easy to _.Abe got along Bget alongCget along with Dbe got on with答案：C解析：考查 beadj.to do结构。其中 to do不用被动语态，且必须是及物动词或短语。10_ you have learned Spanish, you will find Italian easy.ABecause BThough CBefore DOnce答案：D解析：考查 once“一旦”引导带有条件意义的时间状语从句。11The birthday party should be _ arranged so that everyone can enjoy themselves.Aexactly Brightly Ccorrectly Dproperly答案：D解析：考查副词辨析。properly “恰当地；合适地”合题意。12Im afraid that she wont come to help me as she promised.Dont worry. Nothing will _ her mind if she has _up her mind.Achange; made Bturn; done Cgrow; given Dmake; changed答案：A解析：考查固定短语。change ones mind 改变主意；make up ones mind 下定决心。13(2010绵阳中学)_， I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.AHowever the story is amusingBNo matter amusing is the storyCHowever am
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