高一必修四英语单词.doc

高一必修四英语单词Module 1 Life in the FutureNew words and expressions1. alternative adj.替换的，供选择的，两者择一的（无比较级和最高级，只能做定语修饰名词，不能做表语） n. 可供选择的事物 alternative to的替代物，(1) If this plan is not accepted ,we have an _ plan.(2) Do you have an _ solution to the problem? 你有别的办法来解决这个问题吗？(3) Thats the only alternative.没有选择的余地(4) At the restaurant, the only alternative to chicken was beef.2. crime罪，罪行3. for sure肯定地，确定=_be sure of/about sth.(doing sth.) 确信，肯定，对有把握be sure to do sth.be sure that-从句make sure that 确保，保证(1) I _that all the windows were closed.我确保关上了所有的窗户。(2) He will be here _ within an hour.他一小时之内肯定到这儿。 （3）I think he lives here but I couldnt say _. 4. prediction n.预测 _ v. _ adj.可预言的，可预料的make a prediction = make predictions做出预测 (1) Its hard to make _ about the effect on the environment.(2) No one can _ what will happen in the future.5. risky adj.危险的，冒险的 _ n.风险，危险 vt.冒着的危险 冒险做某事 _冒着生命危险 _冒着做某事的危险_冒着的危险（介词短语）_无论冒什么危险，无论如何_(1) Its _ to drive without looking around.开车不注意看周围是危险的(2) They knew they risked _.他们知道他们冒着被捕的危险。（3）He risked (losing) his own life to save the child. He save the child _(losing) his own life.6. resource n.（常用复数）资源 source n.来源，源头，发源地(1) We must make the most of natural _.(2) Bad food is a _ of illness.变质食物是疾病之源7. sth. run out(vi) 某物用完，不多了，没有了 My money is_.sb. run out of sth. 某人用完某物 Im _ money.sb. use up sth 用完某物 He has _all his energy.sth. give out (vi) 某物用完 All his energy has _.run after追赶run into sb./sth. 遇到某人/物，与相撞run across 偶然遇见in the long run从长远来看8. material 材料 _/_/_ materials9. 依靠，信赖某人/某物_指望某人做某事，信任某人做某事 _相信，指望,放心rely on _ that-从句(1) You can rely on him.(2) you cant just rely on your parents to support you.(3) Nowadays we can rely on the Internet to get the information we need.(4) You can （放心） _ he will come to meet you.（联想）_ 视情况而定_10. solar adj.太阳的 _太阳能 _太阳系11. urban都市的，城市的 _ problems城市问题I dont enjoy urban life.12. get rid of去掉，处理掉，摆脱(1) We should get rid of bad habits.(2) 如何清除垃圾是个大问题。_.13. load vt. 装，装载 n.负担，负荷 a load of=loads of = lots of很多 load sth onto/into sth把装到里面 load sth with sth 使负载(1) We are loading a lorry _ bricks.我们正装一货车砖(2) I loaded the film _ the camera.我把胶卷装到相机里。(3) He climbed the hill with a heavy load on his shoulders.他背着重物登山 (4) The truck _ bricks had an accident last night. A. loading with B. being loaded with C. loaded with D. loaded onto14. landfill n.垃圾填满地15. arrest (vt/n) 逮捕，扣留，吸引，阻止 _被拘留，被捕 _因而逮捕某人 (1) The police said,“You are under arrest”.(2) 他因醉驾而被拘留。_.(3) The beauty of the place arrests our attention.16.fire at sb. 向某人开火 fire sb.解雇某人 (1) The company fired him for his not coming to work on time.（ ）(2) They fired at the enemy. （ ）(3) The engine wont fire. （ ）17. limit n.极限，范围，界限 vt.限制，限定_ adj.有限的 _无限制的 _ = _对加以限制 _把某物限制定在范围内 _局限于(1) Please _ your speech _ three minutes.(2) Childrens play has been limited _ the yard.孩子们的玩耍仅限于院子里(3) You should (对加以限制)_ the time you spend surfing the Internet.(4) His knowledge of history is rather _.18. outdoors adv.户外 indoors adv.室内 outdoor adj. indoor adj. 户外活动_Children usually prefer playing outdoors.儿童通常喜欢在户外玩耍19. online adv.联系地 adj.在上线的 20. catalogue目录21. command n.v命令，指令，指挥 commander n.指挥官，司令 command that sb.(should) do sth. command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事 sth be in/under the command of sb. 由某人统率 sb be in command of sth 指挥，统率have a good command of对运用自如 /精通_(1) Who is (统率)_ the army?(2) She (精通)_ French.(3) He commanded me to start working at once. He commanded that _ working at once.22. recreation娱乐，消谴_ He goes fishing for _.他钓鱼取乐 23.bowling保龄球游戏 24. softball垒球（运动）25.charge n.费用，价钱，负责，管理 v.收费 ，要价；指控，控告free of charge免费 = for free免费sb be in charge of sth 负责，掌管 sth be in the charge of sb 由负责，在掌管下 sb take charge of sth 负责，掌管，控制 charge sb. some money for sth. 因向某人收费 charge sb. with sth.因而指控某人charge electricity充电(1)These books are _(免费的).(2) They _ me 100 yuan _ cleaning the house.(3) He is in charge of the company. The company is _him.(4) The man _(因谋杀而受到指控).26. power n.能力，权力，电力 v供给动力 (1) The train is powered by electricity.这列火车由电提供动力(2) The work is beyond his power.27. flick n.轻打，轻弹You can turn off all the lights_(轻轻一按开关)。28. switch on（把电灯等）打开=_ switch off（把电灯等）关上，关掉=_ switch on the radio/TV/lightswitch off the radio/TV/light switch to转换，改变 (1) Wait until the lights have switched to green.(2)离开时请关灯。_.29. surgery外科手术 外科医生_30. telesurgery n.运距离手术 telephone电话 telescope望远镜 telegraph 电报31. outpatient n.门诊病人32. clinic n.诊所 He is being treated at a private clinic.33. disability n残疾，失去能力，伤残 adj残疾的_(1) His disability prevents him from doing the job.(2) She swims well despite her disabilites.34. attach. vt.系，贴，连接 attach sth.to sth.把固定/附在上 be attached to附属于，依恋(1)Please(贴上) _ a label _ each piece of luggage.(2) Nowadays people attach much importance to education.如今人们十分_教育。(3) This is a middle school _ to a university.这是一所大学的附属中学35. spaceport宇航基地36. use up (vt).用完，耗尽 sb run out of sth. sth run out.(vi)give out (vi)用完，耗尽，筋疲力尽 (vt)分发,发出 Dont use up all the hot water.37. look out (for sth./sb)小心，当心 watch out (for sth.) take care! be careful.(1) Look out! Theres some glass on the ground.(2) 当心危险！_！38. optimistic adj.乐观的，乐观主义的 optimism乐观，乐观主义 optimist乐观主义者 be optimistic about对乐观(1) We should have an optimistic attitude _ life.(2) She (对乐观)_ her future.39. dishwasher n.洗碗碟机Its convenient to wash bowls with a dishwasher.40. definitely adv.无疑地，确定地 _ adj.肯定的，确定的(1) I _ remember posting the letter.(2) Its _ that he is wrong.41. eventually adv.最后，终于 _/_He worked very hard and eventually succeeded.42. for a start首先，第一 =to start/begin with首先，第一 at the very start=at the very beginning一开始(1) He cant get the job. For a start, he hasnt had enough experience.(2) Well learn a lotfor a start, lets read the new words.43. on the way out即将被淘汰，即将过时 on the/ones way to by the way in the way in a/one way(1) Some old furniture is on the way out.(2) This type of dress is definitely on the way out.44. colony殖民地45. shape n.形状 v.做成形状，塑造，决定的形成 in shape处于良好状态，健康 out of shape变形，走样，不健康 in the shape of呈的形状，以形式 take shape成形，有了模样(1) There are clouds of different _ (形状)in the sky.(2) 身体不好就要锻炼。_.(3) He shaped the clay into a vase. ( )(4) His ideas were shaped by his early experiences. ( )46. pad(动物)脚47. doormat门前擦鞋垫 Under the doormat lay a bunch of keys.