高中预备语法第二讲义讲.docx

高中预备语法 Hedy动词时态1. 一般现在时：1) 科学事实，客观发展：The earth_ around the sun.Water_ at100.All things_ of no consequence just like floating clouds. 2) 格言警句，含义隽永：Practice _ perfect.Home_ where you can scratch where it itches.I_ a slow walker , but I never walk backwards.3) 经常习惯，反复发生： every day , never , always, often The shop_ at 11:00 p.m. every day .She seldom_ up before6 in the morning.They often_ for anouting on Sundays.4) 情感表达，诸多特质： see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong、seemI_ what you mean.Smith_ a car and a house.All the students here_ No.1 Middle School. 5) 状语从句，意指将来： 条件状语从句： 标记连词有_, _, _。 if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用 shall 或 will 表示“意愿”，但不表示时态。If you will_ my invitation and come to our party , my family will be pleased. 时间状 语从 句：标记 连 词有 _,_, _, _, the moment, _；I will go with you as soon as I_ my work. 让步状语从句：标记连词有_what/who/which/when/where/how，或者同理，可以转换为，_, whoever , _, whenever , _, however；Whatever you say , I will not change my mind. *注 1：句中的”will”，其实已经跟时态无关了，和意愿、情态有关，所以 will 有个“兼职”，叫情态动词。2. 一般过去时6) 曾经发生，现已不再：I_ her in the street yesterday .I_ to see adoctor last Sunday . He_ a pilot5 years ago._ a time I could see.7) 过去时段，反复发；When I was a kid, Ioften _ basketball with my friends. They never_ wine.Whenever Jason came here, he_ a warm welcome.8) 诸多动作，先后发生： but, and, when, as soon as, immediately , the moment, the minute The moment she_ in, she_ me what had happened to her . He_ a watchbut_ it. 9) 虚拟语气，常见句型：It is time sb. did sth.It is time you_ tobed.It s time we_ home.would (had) rather sb. did sth. Id rather you_ tomorrow .(2011 辽宁) - Has your father returned from Africa yet? - Y es, but he_ here for only three daysbefore his company sent him to Australia. A. was B. has been C. will be D. would be (2013 上海) Did you tidy your room? No, I was going to tidy my room but I_ visitors. A. had B. have C. have had D. will have (2012 天津) He_ football regularly for many years when he was young. A. was playing B. played C. has played D. had played3. 一般将来时4. 10) 立足现在，将来发生： will / shall + 动词（tomorrow、next week）。5. Y ou_ what I am sayingnow .6. He_ soon.7. It_ clear tomorrow . 8. There_ a meeting at four .9. 11) 掌握“本尊”，抓牢“分身”：【分身 1】标记：will, shall Ill，Y oull，hell 等。I_ home at sixoclock.We_ harder .They_ back in ten minutes.I_never forgive you forever ._ you help me?He_ have his way ._ I close the window?【分身 2】标记：be going to I_ going to have a talk with him.We_ going to have a meeting tomorrow .There is_ be a nice film this evening.【重要辨析】be going to 和 shall, will 的区别：10. He_ see his teacher this afternoon.11. He_ see his teacher this afternoon【分身 3】标记：be doing Im_ lunch with His Majesty , the King next Friday! Im_ married on July8. Im_ CET -4 exam next week. 【分身 4】标记：be about to Run away! The tree is about to_!Quick! Getout! The bomb is about to_!Run out immediately! The house is about to_!She s about to leave when I_.【分身 5】标记：be to Im_ help you.We are_ do something about it.Friends, we are_ make it happen! Y ou_ todie!【分身 6】标记：do / does（一般现在时）Flight MU345 takes_ at9:00 a.m. tomorrow . T rain D248 leaves Shanghai at7:00 p.m. tomorrow .4. 过去将来时（即：一般过去将来时）【分身 1】 ：would, should 标记词 will 变为_ I said I would come over . He told me he would help me. 【分身 2】 ：was/were going to begoing to：变为_或_。I toldhim I wasgoing tohelp him. They said they were going to comeover to see me. 【分身 3】 ：was/were doing I toldhim I was having dinner with His Majesty , the King the next day . She said she was getting marriedon April8. 【分身 4】 ：was/were about to be about to：be 变为_或_。The bomb was about togo of f. The rain was about to pourdown. 【分身 5】 ：was / were to be to+动词原形形式中：be 变为_或_。I said we were to help him. The gangster said I was to die.8. 现在完成时：i. 过去发生，影响现在：【独家酷评】 应该明确现在完成时态属于现在时态的范畴。 它所强调的不是过去发生的动作，而是对现在产生的结果和影响。A: We will send someone to America.ii. 过去发生，直至现在： live, study , wait for , be 等等，并且常常与 since, for 连用_给出的是过去的一个时间点，如_ 1958, 而_往往给出的是一个时间段，如_ three years。示例 1：He has studied English_ eight years.示例 2：_ 1980, they have known each other .【独家酷评】完成时态表示延续的用法不可跟非延续动词连用，如：die, go, leave, receive 等。判断对错：【 】His father has died for three years.【 】His father hasbeendead for three years.iii. 配合状语，表示将来：示例 1：Ill go with you as soon as I_ _ my work.iv. 配合句主从，分清动作：示例 1：Do you know he_ finished his homework? 示例 2：I heardhe had bought a new car . 【总结】从上面例句可以看出，在主从句中现在完成时态往往表示发生在另一个现在时态的动作之前，而过去完成时态则表示发生在另一个过去时态的动作之前。v. 特定句型，固定使用：”This/It is the first/second time that”句型中，从句的谓语动词常用现在完成时。如：示例：This is the third time that they_ come for the rubbish.一 （2014安徽卷）23The twins, Who their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.A. will finish B. finish C. have finished D. had finished【举一反三】- Peter, do you know who_ my dictionary ?-Sorry , I dont know . I didnt do it .A. has taken away B. was taking away C. had taken away D. is taking away二 （2014北京卷）22. -Hi, lets go skating. - Sorry, Im busy right now. I _ in an application form for a new job.A. fillB. have filledC. am fillingD. will fill【举一反三】I hear you in a pub. whats it like?Well, its very hard work and Im always tired, but I dont mind.A.are workingB.will work C.were working D.will be working三（2014北京卷）23. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _ half an hour. A. byB. inC. forD. until四（2014北京卷）31.- What time is it? - I have no idea. But just a minute, I _ it for you.A. checkB. checkedC. will checkD. would check五（2014北京卷）32. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _ when I arrived. A. startedB. was startingC. would startD. had started【举一反三】Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation?We_ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be答案C.考点考查时态题.解析我们去海边发生在过去. 而我们忙于工作在此之前. 因此用过去完成时.六（2014大纲卷）22. Unless extra money_, the theatre will close.A. was found B. finds C. is found D. found 七（2014大纲卷）32. The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody _ them since.A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. had seen 【举一反三】The window is dirty. I know. It _ for weeks. A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned八（2014福建卷）23.Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been? I went to Ningxia and there for one year, teaching as a volunteer. A. stayed B. stay C. had stayed D. am staying【举一反三】-Where_the recorder ?I can not see it anywhere. -I_it right here.But now it is gone!A. did you put,have put B. have you put, putC. had you put,was putting D. were you putting,have put