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Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the world?1. square 平方，正方形square adj. “平方米” , 用于数字后表面积。an area of 95 square meters 95平方米的面积2 n , 正方形；广场 Many old people like dancing on the square after supper.2. meter 米 复数meters 千米kilometer(s)3. deep 深的adj take a deep breath.深深呼吸在英语中，表示事物的长、宽、高、深等时，主要有两种表达方式：1：基数词 + 单位+ 形容词（long,wide,tall, deep等）例句：Yao Ming is over 2 meters tall. The river is 50 meters wide.2. 基数词+ 单位+ in + 名词（length长度; width宽度; height高度; depth深度 weight 重量等） 例句： three feet high = two feet in height. 3英尺高two meters long = two meters in length 2米长 3.对其提问用how +adj4. population 人口；人口数量population做主语且强度整体人口时，谓语动词一般用单数， The population is increasing faster and faster. 当有百分数或者分数修饰时，谓语动词常用复数形式。 Three quarters of the population are workers. 表示人口的多或少时, 用large或small The population of China is very large. 中国人口众多询问某国某地有多少人口时, 用How large.?;How large is the population of your hometown? 你们家乡有多少人口? what is the population of ?What is the population of Canada? 加拿大的人口有多少? 表示某地有多少人口时，常用 “ has a population of ” 句型 India has a population of more than one billion.例句： 【2013湖北荆州3】The words population is growing _ and there is _ land and water for growing rice. A. more; less B. larger; fewer C. larger; less D. more; fewer【湖南衡阳1】 _ the population of China? Its about 1.3 billion. A. Whats B. How many is C. How much is5. tour （n）旅行 tourist (n)旅游者 touristy adj. 游客很多的 tour guide 导游记: 观光游玩用tour ，长途陆路用journey， 短途短期用trip，travel 用法最普遍，特别用于指“游记”6. amazing adj. 惊人的，令人吃惊的amazed adj 感到吃惊的 be amazed at sth例句：he was amazed at the newsThis is an amazing story7. protect v “保护” protection 不可数名词 保卫We should protect children. Protect sb./ sth from (doing) sth 保护某人/ 某物使其不受例句：Protect your eyes from the sun. 不要让阳光伤害你的眼睛。 ：we should protect the children from catching cold.注意：此时的protect 可换成stop 或者prevent 8. as far as I know据我所知as far as “就.来说，至于.” ,可放在句首或句中【记】as far as I can remember 据我所记得的 as far as I can see 依我所见9. achieve v 获得；达到； 实现 achievement n 完成； 成绩achieve ones dream = ones dream comes true实现某人的梦想词条是否接宾语用法achieve是主语一般为“人”come true否主语一般是“梦想；理想”10. include 包括；包含 including 包括（放在被包括的对象之前）included 包括（放在被包括的对象之后）记忆：including sth sth included例句：There are many different kinds of moon cakes including fruit,coffee and ice.There are 40 students in the classroom, including me. There are 40 students in the classroom, me includedI have many pen pals _(include) Lucy.All the people must take part in the activities, _ the monitors and the teachers.A. include B. including C. included D. to include11. freezing adj. 冻冰的；结冰的例句：Today it is freezing cold.frozen adj. 冻结的，被冰覆盖的例句：I dont like frozen food.12. condition 条件；状况 out of condition 不健康，身体不好；in good condition 情况良好；完好13. 有关take的重点短语take in 吸入； 吞入（体内）take after（外貌）相像 take away 拿开 take down 写下，记下 take off 起飞；脱下 take it easy 别紧张take to 喜欢，开始从事 take pictures照相 take care of 照顾，照料14. succeed v 成功，达到 success n 成功successful adj. 成功的successfully adv成功地 succeed in doing sth 成功地做某事例句：She succeeded in inventing the new machine15. challenge v/n 挑战face a challenge 面临挑战challenge sb. to（do） sth向某人挑战 He challenged me to a race.他向我挑战赛跑。16. nature 不可数名词 “自然界；大自然”natural adj. 自然地 in nature 在自然界中17. up to 高达 达到 （某数量、程度等）；至多up to +数量词 A panda can live up to 30 years.I can take up to four people in my car.be up to sb. “由某人决定” Shall we go out or stay in ? Its up to you.18. awake adj. 醒来 醒着的（反义词）asleep 睡着的 She was awak all night.wake up v. 叫醒。吵醒the noise wake me up.19. excitement 激动；兴奋be excited about 对感到激动to ones excitement 使某人兴奋的是20. fall down 倒下 fall over 绊倒 fall off 下降, 跌落 重点短语1. as big as 与一样大 2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事 4. as far as I know 据我所知5. in the face of 面对（问题、困难等） 6. part o f. . 的组成部分7. take risks 冒险8. in the world 在世界上9. any other mountain 其他任何一座山10. risk ones life to do sth 某人舍命做某事11. run along 跨越 12. freezing weather 冰冻的天气13. take in air 呼吸空气 14. the firs t people to do sth. 第一个做某事的人15. in the face of difficulties 面临危险16. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事17. achieve ones dream 实现某人的梦想18. the forces of nature 自然界的力量19. reach the top 到达顶峰20. even though 虽然;尽管21. at birth 在出生的时候22. be awake 醒着23. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去24. walk into sb. 撞到某人25. fall over 摔倒26. take care of 照顾;照料27. force sb. to do sth 强迫某人做某28. cut down the forests 砍伐林木29. endangered animals 濒危动物30. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少31. be in danger 处于危险之中32. the importance of saving these animals拯救这些动物的重要性sectionA形容词的最高级表示方法1 复习形容词的比较级句型结构：u 主语+be+as+adj+as+比较对象（主语和一样）Tom is as tall as lisa. Tom和lisa一样高u 主语+be+not+as+adj+as+比较对象（主语不如）Tom isnt as tall as lisa Tom不如lisa高u 主语+be+比较级+than+比较对象Tom is taller than lisau 主语+be+the+比较级+of the two+其他Tom is the taller of the two boysu The +比较级，the+比较级 越越The more the better越多越好u 比较级+比较级 越来越More and more beautiful 越来越漂亮u 可修饰比较级的词 a bit, a little, rather, much, far, a lot, a great deal, any, still, even. Tom is much taller than lisa例句：1）The experiment was_ easier than we had expected. A. more B. much more C. much D. more much2）If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time用比较级表示最高级u 主语+be+比较级+than +any other +可数名词单数u Lucy is more careful than any other student in her class. (any other + 可数名词单数）u 主语+be+比较级+than +the other +可数名词复数Lucy is more careful than the other students in her class.(the other + 名词复数）= Lucy is the most careful student in her class.【2013山东烟台】China is larger than _ in Africa.A. the other countries B. any other C. any of the other countries 2.形容词的最高级u 变化规则规则变化 1.单音节词和少数双音节词 （1）一般情况在原级词尾加-er构成比较级,加-est构成最高级.如：highhigherhighest.（2）以e结尾的词,直接加-r 或-st.如：largelargerlargest.（3）重读闭音节,末尾只有一个元音字母加一个辅音字母的词,先双写这一辅音字母再加-er或 -est.如：bigbiggerbiggest.（4）以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的词,先变 “y”为 “i”,再加-er 或-est.如：happyhappierhappiest.2.大部分双音节词和所有多音节词 在原级前加more构成比较级,加most构成最高级.如：dangerousmore dangerousthe most dangerous.二、 不规则变化 有一些词的比较级、最高级变化是不规则的,需要特殊记忆.如：good / wellbetterbest bad / illworseworst many / muchmoremost littlelessleast farfartherfarthest(表示距离) / farfurtherfurthest (表示程度) oldolder / elderoldest (表示新旧或年龄) / eldest (表示兄弟姐妹之间的长幼关系) 1.句型结构u 主语+be+the+最高级+范围Tom is the tallest in his classTom是他们班最高的u 主语+be+one of the +最高级+n复数Tom is one of the tallest boys in his class.【2011曲靖中考】A good book may be one of your best _(friend).【2011曲靖中考】Qujing is one of _ cities in Yunnan , and has attracted many people living and working here.A. the largest B. the large C. larger D. largest （重庆市2012）What do you think of the film you saw yesterday? Oh! Its one of _ films Ive ever seen. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interestingu .形容词最高级前可以由物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰,此时不用定冠词the.如：Yesterday is her happiest day in her life.3.英语中数字的读法u 多位数字的读法 在汉语中12345读成一万二千三百四十五。而英语是三位一节，把三位看成一个整体，后面再加一个单位。同样的12345这个数，英文的读法是先把整个数从个位数数起，一分为二，三位一节12， 345。345读成three hundred and forty-five。12读成twelve。而后的标点逗号“，”读成thousand。最后一合并，读成twelve thousand，three hundred and forty-five。三位一节，从右往左，第一个逗号读成thousand，第二个逗号读成million，第三个读成billion（美国读法），依此类推。例如：31，234，567，890读成：thirty-one billion，two hundred _and thirty-four million，five hundred _and sixty-seven thousand，eight hundred _and ninety。u 电话号码的读法 读电话号码通常以两个数字为一组，中间有个小停顿4779 four seven，seven nineu 年代及日期的读法 数字表示的年份通常分成两半来说。2000BC读作：two thousand BC 1558读作：fifteen fifty-eight 1603读作：six teen(hundred and)three921读作：nine twenty-one 4. in size = have /has an area of. （面积）大小5. much 得多 （修饰比较级）类似的词还有：even “更.” , a lot “很多；.得多” a little “比.一点”My classroom is a little bigger than yours.6.feel free to do sth 随便做某事7. .how long 对长短，时间进行提问对长度提问,How long is the table? About 1.2 meters.对时间提问，常用for或since引导的时间状语来回答。 How long does it take you to do your homework in the evening? For two hours.8. one of +the最高级 + 可数名词复数9. famous = well know adj. 著名的， 有名的(1) be famous for 因而著名 （某人因某种知识、技能或特征而出名）China is famous for the Great Wall and Pandas(2) be famous as 作为.而出名 （某人以某种身份而出名）Lu Xun was famous as a writer.例句：( ) Einstein was famous _ a great scientist. A. for B. as C. like D. because( ) Suzhou is famous _ a beautiful city in our country.A. to B. for C. as D. of10. while u 然而 (连接并列句） He is a worker while I am a doctor.u 当.的时候，（引导时间状语从句）While I was doing my homework ,my mother came in .sectionB 1. 倍数的表达倍数+比较级+than 是的几倍The new box is three times bigger than that one 这个新箱子是那个箱子的三倍。2. the other 其他的 指两者中的“另一个”One. The other . （两者中）一个.， 另一个.The old man has two sons one is a doctor the other is a farmer.the other的复数形式是the others “其他东西，其余的人”。Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 两个男孩将去动物园其余的留在家里。 :3. preparefor 为准备1). prepare sth.表示准备.，后接名词或代词作宾语。Our English teacher was preparing the lessons when I came into the office. 我进办公室时，我们的英语老师在备课。2). prepare to do sth.表示准备做.。They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain. 他们正准备过河，突然下雨了。3). prepare for sth.表示为.做准备。The students are busy preparing for the final exam.学生们正在准备期末考试4. excitement 激动；兴奋be excited about 对感到激动 to ones excitement 使某人兴奋的是die v. （延续性动词） be dead 死，死亡 death n. 死，死亡dead adj. 死的 dying adj. 将死的 die from + 外因 “死于”，主要指事故等方面的外部原因。die from a traffic accident 死于交通事故The old man died from a car accident last year. 这个老人去年死于一场车祸(2)die of + 内因 主要指疾病衰老情感等自身原因die of hunger/an illness 饿/病死His grandfather died of liver cancer in 1992. die out“（家族、物种等）灭绝；绝迹 Dinosaurs died out 65 million years ago. 恐龙在六千五百万年前灭绝了5. spend (in) doing 花时间做某事【】spend/pay/cost/take 花费(1)spendspentspent v 花费,主语是人 sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth sb. +spend +时间/钱+（in） doing sthspend on= pay for 支付He spends too much time on the computer games.(2) pay paid paid v 支付，主语是人 sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.(3) cost cost cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事sth cost sb. +钱 某物花费某人多少钱A new computer costs me a lot of money.(4)taketooktaken v 花费It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.6. not less than + 基数词表示不下于；至少；不止no less than + 基数词表示达.之多（言其多）There are not less than 40 students in this class. 这个班级至少有40个学生。 No less than 1,000 people were missing in the earthquake. 地震中失踪人数多达一千人。 7. There be + 名词（短语） + ving. 某处有某人或某物在做某事练习：
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