八年级英语下册Unit.doc

语法聚焦：1. Whats the matter? 这是人们特别是医生和护士询问病人病情时常用问句, 意思是“怎么了?” 其后常与with连用。类似的有: Whats wrong? 怎么啦? Whats wrong with you? 你怎么了? Whats your trouble? Whats the trouble with you? Whats up? Are you OK? Is there anything wrong with you?What happens to you?2. 征求建议：What should sb do?某人该做什么呢？ Should sb do.? 某人该做吗？1).What should I do? Should I go home? No, you cant . You should go to the doctor.2).What should he do? Should he drink wine? He should drink some hot tea with honey.3. I had a cold.我感冒了。身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache 表示身体不适的常用词组还有: have a bad cold 重感冒 have a (high) fever 发烧 have a headache 头痛 have a stomachache 肚子痛, 胃痛 have a toothache 牙痛have a backache 背疼have a sore throat 喉咙疼have a cough 咳嗽巩固与运用：一根据上下文意思填空。Mandy: Lisa, are you OK?Lisa: I _ a headache and I cant move my neck. What _ I do? Should I _ _ my temperature?Mandy: No, it doesnt sound like you have a fever. What _ _ you do on the weekend?Lisa: I played computer _ all weekend.Mandy: Thats probably why. You need to take breaks _ from the computer.Lisa: Yeah, I think I sat in the _ way for too long without moving.Mandy: I think you should _ down and rest. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a _. Lisa: OK. Thanks, Mandy.二翻译下列句子。1. 你怎么了？我头痛。2. 李娜怎么了？他喉咙痛。他应该多喝水。3. 如果你的头和脖子明天仍然疼的话，请去看医生。4. 我的脖子不能动弹了。语法聚焦：1.see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事e.g. When I pass the window I see him drawing a picture. 当我经过窗户的时候，我看见他正在画画。 When the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. 这时司机看到一位老人正躺在路边。see sb. do sth. 看见某人做过某事e.g. I often see him draw a picture. 我经常看见他画画。1) 我看见他时他正在河边玩。 I saw him _ by the river.2) 我看见过他在河边玩。 I saw him _ by the river.3) 我看着他过了桥。 I see him _ across the bridge.4) 我看见她正在洗碗。I see her _ the dishes.2.介词 + 名词/宾格代词/doing sth.1).The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice.2).He only thought about saving a life.你能看出“without thinking”、“about saving a life” 的共同点吗?1) I am fine. What about _ (she)?2) Thanks for _ (tell) me the story?3) It is a sunny day. How about _ (go) fishing?4) It is good to relax by _ (use) the Internet or _ (watch) game shows.3. But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. to ones surprise 使.惊讶的是，出乎.意料 e.g. To their surprise, all the students pass the exam. a surprising story be surprised at4. Because they dont want any trouble. trouble“困难；麻烦”，不可数名词e.g. Im sorry to give you so much trouble. (1) be in trouble “有困难；陷入困境”e.g. He always asks me for help when he is in trouble.(2) get sb. into trouble “使某人陷入困境”e.g. If you come, you may get me into trouble.(3) 主语 + have / has trouble (in) doing sth. “某人在做某事方面有困难”e.g. I have some trouble (in) reading the letter. trouble“麻烦事；烦心事”，可数名词。e.g. She was on the phone for an hour telling me her troubles.5. It+ be+ adj.+ that(主语从句)Its sad that many people dont want to help others because they dont want any trouble.翻译时，我们要把that从句的意思提到前面：“因为怕惹麻烦，很多人不想帮助别人是令人寒心的。”It is very necessary that we study hard now.巩固与运用：一、根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 (1) 他认为每天吃饭是一件麻烦事。 He thinks that eating every day is _.(2) 你知道你现在为什么处于困境吗？ Do you know why you _ _ now? (3) 我妹妹在学习英语方面有困难。 My sister _ English.二、短语实践：1) 看到某人正在做某事2) 让某人吃惊的是3) 下车4) 上车5) 多亏，幸亏6) 考虑7) 同意做某事8) 造成麻烦三、用括号内的词的适当形式填空。1. The driver saw an old man _ (lie) on the road.2. I sat in the same way without _ (move).3. He only thought about _ (save) a life and didnt think about _ (him).4. The old man needed _ (go) to the hospital.5. A woman was _ (shout) for help.6. He expected them _ (get) off the bus.语法聚焦：1. have1).作“有”讲。 如： I have a bag. 我有一个包。 He has a red cup. 他有一个红杯子。 2). 作“吃、喝”讲。如： have breakfast (吃早饭) have tea (喝茶) have a biscuit (吃块饼干) have a drink (喝点水)3). 作“患病”讲。如： have a cold, have a fever4). 固定短语 have a try, have a look, have a party小试牛刀：1）. 她有许多好朋友。 She _ _ lots of good friends.2）. 当我们感冒时，应该多喝水。 When we _ bad colds, we should drink more water.3）. 他早餐常吃鸡蛋。He _ eggs for breakfast.4）. 他昨天去参加聚会了。He _ _ yesterday.2. should属情态动词, 后接动词原形, 没有人称和数的变化。用于提出建议劝告别人。should的否定形式为 should not, 通常缩写为 shouldnt。1). Tom, I have a toothache. 汤姆, 我牙痛。 You should see a dentist. 你应当去看牙医。2). Im not feeling well these days. I have bad cough. 这些天我身体不适, 老是咳嗽。 You shouldnt smoke so much, I think. 我认为你不该抽这么多烟。3). Should I put some medicine on it? Yes, you should. / No, you shouldnt.4). What should she do? She should take her temperature.小试牛刀：1. She has a stomachache. She _ eat so much next time.2. Should she see a dentist and get an X-ray? Yes, she _. / No, she _.3. 反身代词(oneself)又称为自身代词，表示动作行为反射到行为执行者本身。它还可以在句中起到强调的作用，用以加强语气。英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。其基本形式如下表所示： 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称单数 myself yourself himself herself itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 1. 可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。Maria bought herself a scarf. 玛丽亚给自己买了一条围巾。 We must look after ourselves very well. 我们必须好好照顾自己。2. 可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。She isnt quite herself today. 她今天身体不太舒服。3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。 She herself will fly to London tomorrow. 明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦。 I met the writer himself last week. 我上周见到了那位作家本人。4. 用在某些固定短语当中。照顾自己 look after oneself / take care of oneself 自学teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快enjoy oneself请自用（随便吃/喝些） help oneself to sth.摔伤自己 hurt oneself自言自语 say to oneself沉浸于，陶醉于之中 lose oneself in 把某人单独留下 leave sb. by oneself给自己买.东西 buy oneself sth.介绍自己 introduce oneselfNotice:1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。 I can finish my homework myself. 2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”，表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用ones own. Im drawing with my own crayons. 我用我自己的蜡笔画画。小试牛刀：1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _ just now.2. Bad luck! I cut _ with a knife yesterday. 3. They tell us they can look after _ very well.4. My cat can find food by _ _.5. Help _ to some beef, boys.4. be used to doing 习惯于做 used to do 过去常常做 use sth. to do 用来做1). As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.2). We used to study English and get good grades.3). The students often use the computer to play games.小试牛刀：1）He (be) a teacher,but now he is a policeman. 2）People paper (write) these days.3）Most people (eat )meals in right hand.5. interest : n./v. 兴趣/使感兴趣 固定用法：a）. sb. be interested in sth./take an interest in sth. 对感兴趣 b）. interested 与人有关，interesting 与物有关。e.g.1). Tom in history books in the past.2).The book is very .3). Mr. Wang is an teacher.6. with 和in 作“用”意思时，with常指用工具（fork/knife 等），而in指用 语言、声音、材料等。1).We write homework pen.2).Chinese talk with each other Chinese.Homework：一、选择题1. Mr. More has more money than Mr. Little. But he doesnt enjoy _. A. he B. him C. his D. himself2. Lily was 9 years old. _ was old enough to go to school _. A. She, she B. She, herself C. Her, herself D. Her, She3. I made the cake by _. Help _, Tom.A. ourselves, yourself B. myself, yourself C. myself, you D. me, him4. Who taught _ history last year? Nobody! He learned it _.A. him, himself B. his, himself C. himself, himself D. his, him5. The camera is _ expensive _ I cant afford it. A. so, that B. such, that C. so, as to D. enough, that 6. Miss Gao asked a question, but it was _ that nobody could answer it. A. very difficult B. too difficult C. difficult enough D. so difficult二、根据句意，用方框内词语的适当形式完成句子，每词仅能用一次。 foot cough give up run out of be used to1. If you want to keep healthy, you should smoking and drinking.2. If people never save energy, someday, we will all the energy.3. Now I getting up early, but I used to get up late.4. Last night Grandpa a lot, he didnt sleep well.5.1 dont want to go running because theres something wrong with one of my .三、根据句意和中文提示，完成句子。1. Yesterday I didnt feel well and (躺) on bed for a day.2. I dont like taking a bus, there are usually too many (乘客) on it.3. I am sorry to hear that a car (撞) Tony yesterday, and hes in hospital.4. The girl played with a knife carelessly and she cut (她自己).5. Bettys mum is a (护士) in a big hospital in London.6. Its really a great (风险) to smoke at your age.7. In China the colour of red (意思是) good luck.8. Both Jack and his father are good (攀登者).四、语法填空：按照文意或括号内单词的适当形式填空。 Hi, dear boys and girls! Do you know how to be a 1 (health) kid? Here are some rules you should follow. First, eat different foods, especially fruit and vegetables. You may have a favorite food, but youd better 2 (eat) something different, if you eat different foods, you will probably get more nutrients(营养物质) your body needs. 3 , drink water and milk as often as possible. When youre really , cold water is the No. 1 choice(选择). Milk is a great drink that can give you more calcium(钙) your body 5 (need) to grow strong bones(骨头). Third, listen to your body. 6 do you feel when you are full? When you are 7 (eat), notice how your body feels and when your stomach feels comfortably full. Eating too much will not make you 8 (feel) comfortable and make you fat. Fourth, be active. One thing youd like to do as a kid is to find out 9 activity you like best. Find ways to be active every day. Follow these 65 and you can be a healthy kid.