牛津高中英语模块一 unit2 Grammar and usage.ppt

英语课件 牛津版高一模块一Unit2 Grammarandusage 1 Helpstudentsknowmoreaboutattributiveclauses 2 Helpstudentsknowtheattributiveclausesintroducedby preposition which whom 3 Helpstudentsknowhowtousetherelativeadverbstobegintheattributiveclauses Learninggoals 1 Theattributiveclauseintroducedbyprep which 2 Theattributiveclauseintroducedbyprep whom Attributiveclausesintroducedby preposition which whom Whatarethepictureusedfor TheyarepicturesfromwhichyoucanknowmoreaboutthegrowingpainsinUnittwo Look HereisamapfromwhichwecanknowmoreaboutChina Whatisthis Itisawonderfulsceneryfromwhichwecanknowmuchaboutthemountains Lookatthem Theylovestheirkidsomuch ButIdon tliketheway inwhich that theytreattheirkid 关系代词作介词宾语 不论是在限制性定语从句中 还是在非限制性定语从句中 当介词前置时 只能用whom指人 which指物 但如果介词后置 则不受这种限制 关系代词还可以省去 特别是在口语中 如 介词 关系代词引导的定语从句 1 Doyouknowtheboytowhomshewastalking 2 Doyouknowtheboy that shewastalkingto 3 Thepencil which that hewaswritingwithsuddenlybroke 3 介词的选用原则1 根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定 如 ThisisthebookonwhichIspent8yuan ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid8yuan spendmoneyonsth 为固定搭配 paymoneyforsth 为固定搭配 2 根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定 如 IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedhere IrememberthemonthinwhichIstayedthere 强调在具体某一天要用介词on 强调在某几天时间内要用介词during 在month前介词要用in 3 根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系 Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles 4 根据从句中形容词的习惯搭配 CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI mnotsure 4 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开 介词仍放在短语动词的后面 如 lookfor lookafter takecareof等 Thisisthewatch which that Iamlookingfor 这是我正在找的手表 ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking 正 误 Thebabies whom who that thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy 那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康 Thebabiesafterwhomthenurseislookingareveryhealthy 正 误 5 以theway为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由inwhich或that引导 而且通常可以省略 如 Theway that inwhich heansweredthequestionswassurprising 他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇 Idon tliketheway that inwhich youlaughather 我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子 6 介词 关系代词 前或后还可有some any none all both neither many most each few等代词或者数词 如 Heloveshisparentsdeeply bothofwhomareverykindtohim 他深深地爱着他的父母 他们俩待他都很好 Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples someofwhich ofwhichsome havegonebad 篮子里有好些苹果 有些已经坏了 Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall mostofwhom ofwhommost arefrombigcities 我们班总共有40个学生 大多数来自大城市 Uptonow hehaswrittentenstories threeofwhich ofwhichthree areaboutcountrylife 迄今为止 他写了10部小说 其中 部是关于农村生活的 高考链接 介词加关系代词引导的定语从句 1 Theplace thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe thecross rivertrafficistheheaviest A which whereB atwhich whichC atwhich whereD which inwhich 2 Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool hewentontoCambridge A fromwhichB afterthatC afterwhichD fromthis 简析 题1 theplace在定语从句中作tobebuilt的地点状语 此处的atwhich相当于where 后面是表语从句 表示建在某地 题2 表示读完当地的语法学校后去剑桥深造 故选C 3 Ihavemanyfriends somearebusinessmen A ofthemB fromwhichC whoofD ofwhom 4 Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas shehadrunbackinthedirection shehadcome A ofwhichB bywhichC inwhichD fromwhich Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty andoneofthemcameuptous wegavesomebellsandglasses A towhichB towhomC withwhomD withwhich 6 Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking thefirst Ireallyenjoyed A ofthatB ofwhichC thatD which题3 4 5 6考查考生对 介词 关系代词 引导的定语从句的掌握及其灵活运用情况 1 Doyoulikethebook shespent 10 2 Doyoulikethebook shepaid 10 onwhich Useproperprepositionsandrelativepronounstofillintheblanks forwhich Practicetwo 3 Doyoulikethebook shelearnedalot 4 Doyoulikethebook sheoftentalks 5 Chinahasalotofrivers thesecondlongest istheYellowRiver fromwhich aboutwhich ofwhich 6 Theman Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling 7 Thisisthebook Iamlookingfor towhom which Choosethebestanswer 1 Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone theycantalkfrequently A whoB asC aboutwhichD withwhom 2 TheEnglishplay mystudentsactedattheNewYear spartywasagreatsuccess A forwhichB atwhichC inwhichD onwhich 3 Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf fivearemine A onwhichB inwhichC ofwhichD fromwhich 4 Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths thesailingtimewas226days A ofwhichB duringwhichC fromwhichD forwhich Matcheachsentencewithanending Answers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 c d b a e h f g Completeeachsentenceusinganattributiveclause Answers 1 2 3 4 5 which Iknowverylittleabout inwhichIboughtmyfavoritedress aboutwhichItoldyouaboutlastweek FromwhomIgotthecup Fromwhowelearnhowtowritewithbrushes Theattributiveclauseintroducedbywhen whereandwhy Look Whatdayisittoday Whyaretheygettingtogetheragain TodayisMarch 12thwhenpeoplegettogethertoplanttrees Whereisit Itisthebasketballcourt Itisaplacewherewecanplaybasketballindoors ThatisMrs Greenandshehasaskedforaleaveforhergivingabirthtoherkid Thatisthereasonwhyshedoesn tcometoworkasusual 1 定语从句中关系副词有 when where why2 关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份 关系副词在定语从句中都作状语 when作时间状语 where作地点状语 why作原因状语 如 定语从句中关系副词的用法 Herememberthedaywhenhisfatherdied IwentbacktotheplacewhereIwasbornandgrewup Pleasegivemethereasonwhyyouwerelatethistime when作时间状语 意为ontheday where作地点状语 意为intheplace why作原因状语 意为forthereason 3 并非先行词是表示时间 地点和原因的词时都用when where why 若先行词在定语从句中不作状语 而是作主语或宾语 就必须用which或that 如 Weoftenthinkofthedayswhichwespenttogetherinthecountryside which在定语从句中作宾语 比较 Weoftenthinkofthedayswhenweworkedtogetherinthecountryside when在定语从句中作时间状语 相当于onthedays Webelievethereasonthathetoldus 比较 Thereasonwhy forwhichhewasabsentyesterdayisstillunknown 4 关系副词when where和why也可用 介词 which 来代替 要注意其先行词 名词 与介词的合理搭配 介词根据先行词或定语从句的谓语动词来确定 when相当于 at in during which where相当于 in at on which why相当于 for which 如 Isthisthedaywhen onwhichIvisitedthemuseum Pleaseputtheletteronthedeskwhere onwhichhecaneasilyfindit Thisisthereasonwhy forwhichhedidn tcometothemeeting I llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague 句中when相当于onwhich where在定语从句中作地点状语 相当于 介词 关系代词 which 如 ThisistheroomwhereLuXunoncelived 句中when相当于inwhich Detailedexplanation When在定语从句中作时间状语 相当于 介词 关系代词 which 如 why在定语从句中作原因状语 相当于 介词for 关系代词 which 如 Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate Itrainedheavily forwhichhewaslatefortheclass 思考 是否所有的介词 关系代词都能用关系副词代替 1 Thepainting Ilooked waspaintedbyme 2 Thebook Iheard waswrittentwentyyearsago atwhich aboutwhich 3 Thepen shewrotethatbook cannowbeseeninamuseum 4 Kunmingisabeautifulplace flowersareseenalltheyearround 5 Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse thegreatwriterusedtolive withwhich where inwhich where inwhich 6 Iwillneverforgottheday Ifirstmetyouontheship 7 Thefilm Ifellasleep wasveryboring 结论 只有当 介词 关系代词 充当地点状语 时间状语或原因状语时 才能用关系副词代替 onwhich when duringwhich 注意 关系副词与关系代词在定语从句中的关系 介词 关系代词 在从句中作状语相当于一个关系副词 如 王先生工作的那家工厂是一家鞋厂 这个句子有以下三种表达方式 Thefactorythat whichMr Wangworksinisashoeone ThefactoryinwhichMr Wangworksisashoeone ThefactorywhereMr Wangworksisashoeone 他将永远记住他入团的那天 Hewillforeverrememberthedaythat whichhejoinedtheLeagueon 2 HewillforeverrememberthedayonwhichhejoinedtheLeague 3 HewillforeverrememberthedaywhenhejoinedtheLeague 考点点拨 考例回顾1 Wethoughtyouwereapersonfromwhomwecouldexpectgooddecisions P28 考点 在定语从句中 如果先行词是人 介词后面的关系代词用whom 介词 whom在定语从句中作状语 考例1 Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty andoneofthemcameuptous wegavesomebellsandglasses towhichB towhomC withwhomD withwhich 点拨 句意 我们看到几个当地人朝我们走来 其中一个人来到我们面前 我们给了他一些铃铛和杯子 该句先行词是oneofthem 定语从句和先行词被谓语cameuptous隔开 根据短语givesth tosb 此处应用towhom来引导定语从句 考例2 Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone theycantalkfrequently A whoB asC aboutwhichD withwhom 点拨 该句先行词是someone talkabout意为 谈论 谈到 talkwith意为 和 谈话 根据句意 应为talkwithsomeone 故选D 2 ThisistheshopinwhichIboughtmyfavouritedress P29 考点 在定语从句中 如果先行词是物 介词后面的关系代词用which 介词 which在定语从句中作状语 可表示时间 地点 原因 方式等 考例1 Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenes peoplewereeatenbythetiger A inwhichB bywhichC whichD that 点拨 句意 很多看过这部电影的人 当回想起人被老虎吃掉的情景时 就不敢去森林了 分析句意可知 人被老虎吃掉的情景 出现在电影画面里 即inthescenes 故选A 考例2 Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree theycanbecontrolledonpurposeA withwhichB towhichC ofwhichD forwhich 点拨 句意 人与动物面部表情的区别在于有意控制的程度 该句先行词是thedegree degree前面的介词一般用to 意为 到 程度 所以此处应选B 3 Thepolicesearchedthehousewherethethiefhadstayed 考点 当先行词具有 地点 意义时 可考虑用关系副词where来引导定语从句 where在从句中作地点状语 考例1 Somepre schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter theylearnsimplegamesandsongs A thenB thereC whileD where 点拨 这是一个定语从句 先行词是adaycarecenter 表示地点 故选where 考例2 Thevillagehasdevelopedalot welearnedfarmingtwoyearsago A whenB whichC thatD where 点拨 该句先行词是Thevillage 定语从句和先行词被谓语hasdevelopedalot隔开 从句中缺地点状语 故选where 1 Ishallneverforgetthoseyears Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers hasagreateffectonmylife A that whichB when whichC which thatD when who 即学即练 2 AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown hegrewupasachild A whichB thatC whereD when 3 Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage A untilB thatC whenD where 4 Isthisthereason atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork A heexplainedB whatheexplainedC howheexplainedD whyheexplained 5 Therewas time Ihatedtogotoschool A a thatB a whenC the thatD the when 6 IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5 30p m manypeoplehavegothome A whosetimeB thatC onwhichD bywhich 7 RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase wasveryreasonable A whichpriceB thepriceofwhichC itspriceD thepriceofwhose 8 Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone theycantalkfrequently A whoB asC aboutwhichD withwhom 9 TheEnglishplay mystudentsactedattheNewYear spartywasagreatsuccess A forwhichB atwhichC inwhichD onwhich 10 Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf fivearemine A onwhichB inwhichC ofwhichD fromwhich Istillremembertheday Icamehere 2 Istillremembertheday Icamehere 3 Istillremembertheday wespenttogether onwhich when which that Finishthefollowingexercises Iwenttotheplace weworkedtenyearsago 2 Iwenttotheplace weworkedtenyearsago 3 Iwenttotheplace wevisitedtenyearsago inwhich where which that Thisisthereason hewaslate 2 Thisisthereason heexplainedtome 3 Thisisthereason canexplainhisbeinglate why forwhich which that which that Fillintheblanksusingthewordsandphrasesonpage31 Answers 1 2 3 4 5 6 why forwhich when inwhich where inwhich why forwhich where inwhich when onwhich Thankyou