常见词汇的多种表达方式.doc

常见词汇的多种表达方式中文词汇不同的英文表达方式改变change, modify, alter, shift, transform, convert保护protect, conserve, safeguard保存save, preserve, conserve, keep, store流行popular, prevalent, prevailing, universal想到think of, come up with, occur to/strike sb.,come to, remind, suggest看作regardas, look on/consider/view/see/takeas因为because, owing to, thanks to, due to, as a result of,in virtue of, on account of, resulting from., considering关于about, with regard to, as regards, concerning, relating to因此so, accordingly, consequently, hence, thereby,in this way, for this reason不同different, differ, vary fromto, conflicting, diverse,diversified, various, a variety of吸引人的attractive, appealing, inviting, tempting, fascinating,charming, alluring, glamorous, absorbing, enticing2011英语四级作文预测：沉默是金Silence Is Gold1. 许多场合中“沉默是金”是正确的2. 但也有例外的情形3. 结论【范文】When we talk of the famous proverb “Silence is Gold”， we should not simply label it as right or wrong， but explore it in depth.This proverb is especially true under several situations. First， if we have made a promise not to let out a secret， we should always keep silent. Second， we should avoid talking over facts or statistics of which we are not sure. Third， whenever we are expressing our ideas， brevity is the soul of wit and talking too much will always lead to faults and mistakes.Nevertheless， there are also some exceptions. If we find out a flaw in others speaking or writing， we should not hesitate a moment to point it out. And to friends or acquaintances seeking advice， we should feel free to help them.In a word， we can draw the conclusion that in most cases “silence is gold”， but in certain circumstances， talking is the right choice.【点评】本文的特色在于其并未完全肯定或完全否定所提到的谚语，而是从正、反两个方面去分析，即第二段指出其正确性，第三段谈例外情况;末段总结，呼应全文。范文首先提出所要讨论的谚语“沉默是金”。第二段分三个方面阐述其正确性，即发誓保守秘密，对于不确定的事情要保持沉默，而在表达自己的思想时，力求简洁。第三段指出例外，为别人指出错误或为朋友等提建议时，不要坚持“沉默是金”。末段总结，呼应第二、三段。第一段中的label.。.as.。.表示“将看作”，而explore.。. in depth表示“深入探究”。第二段第一点中的make a promise表示“允诺”，let out a secret表示“泄露秘密”，keep silent表示“保持沉默”;第三点中的brevity is the soul of wit也是个谚语，表示“言贵简洁”。第三段第二点中的acquaintance指“熟人”。常见词汇的多种表达方式不同的英文表达方式改变change, modify, alter, shift, transform, convert保护protect, conserve, safeguard保存save, preserve, conserve, keep, store流行popular, prevalent, prevailing, universal想到think of, come up with, occur to/strike sb.,come to, remind, suggest看作regardas, look on/consider/view/see/takeas因为because, owing to, thanks to, due to, as a result of,in virtue of, on account of, resulting from., considering关于about, with regard to, as regards, concerning, relating to因此so, accordingly, consequently, hence, thereby,in this way, for this reason不同different, differ, vary fromto, conflicting, diverse,diversified, various, a variety of吸引人的attractive, appealing, inviting, tempting, fascinating,charming, alluring, glamorous, absorbing, enticing1）句型以及其倒装使用2008年6月翻译真题第91题：_（直到他完成使命）did he realize that he was seriously ill. （Key：Not until he accomplished / finished the mission ）建议：以此类推，掌握如下常用句型（以倒装方式给出）Not only 。.but alsoSo （ Such ）that。.Not until。Neither。.nor。.Hardly 。.when。.No sooner than。Only by /through /in 。， 。.例：Not only _ （他向我收费过高）but he didnt do a good repair. （key：did he charge me too much）（2）从句a. 定语从句2008年12月翻译真题第87题：Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems _（他们至今还没有答案） （Key ：which/that they havent found answers to）b. 状语从句真题中出现过如if 条件状语从句（2007 年6月第 91题），no matter引导的让步状语从句（2007年12月第89题和2008年6月第89题）建议：关于定语从句，到目前为止所考察的均为关系代词which/ that等所引导的，所以考生需额外留意关系副词where/ when/how 所引导的定语从句。对于状语从句，继续复习如时间状语从句，方式状语从句，因果状语从句等其他类状语从句。除却定语从句，状语从句外，名词性从句也需加强，如宾语从句（特别注意wish/ would rather 引导的宾语从句中虚拟样式），表语从句，同位语从句甚至主语从句。（3）非谓语动词a. 分词做伴随状语2008年6月第90题：_（与我成长的地方相比） this town is more prosperous and exciting. （key ： Compared with the place where I grew up）注意，答案中除过去分词（compared with ）做伴随外，还含有where引导的定语从句。b. 动词不定式做目的状语2006年6月第88题_（为了挣钱供我上学），Mother often takes on more work than is good for her. （Key ： to support my university studies ）建议：由于非谓语动词除分词和动词不定式外，还包括动名词，但尚未考察过，所以考生有必要预备非谓语动词之“动名词”情况。（4）其他类语法如：虚拟语气，比较级，情态动词。（5）常用词组：尤其是动介词组，如adapt to 。， have trouble doing ， be likely to do。 ， attribute to.。等类似样式。作文是表达自己，可以随心所愿，而翻译是表达别人，被动且受制。学习翻译，尝试放下过分的自我，顺服接受，反而会行得更容易些。