《名词性从句讲解》PPT课件.ppt

名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 NounClauses 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组 它在复合句中能担任主语 宾语 表语 同位语 介词宾语等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词 Hisjobisimportant Whathedoesisimportant Subject Thisishisjob Thisiswhathedoeseveryday predicative Idon tlikehisjob Idon tlikewhathedoeseveryday object IamyourEnglishteacher MissWang EveryoneknowsthefactthatIamyourEnglishteacher apposition 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 NounClauses 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组 它在复合句中能担任主语 宾语 表语 同位语 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 名词从句又可分别称为主语从句 subjectclause 宾语从句 objectclause 表语从句 predicativeclause 和同位语从句 appositiveclause 名词从句 Practice 1 thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy A ThatB WhatC WhyD If2 Iwonder youwillgoshoppingorstayathome A thatB ifC whetherD what3 Thisis hewasoftenlateforschool A whatB thatC whyD whether4 Weallknowthetruth theearth aroundthesun A if movedB that movesC why moveD whether move A C C B subjectclause objectclause Predicativeclause appositiveclause TrytofindthenounclausesintheReadingsectiononpage2andtellthefunctions Atlunchtime theradioweathermanreportedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon 2 Shewonderedifthebuseswouldstillberunning 3 Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar 4 Shesensedthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkcoat Objectclause Objectclause Predicativeclause Objectclause P9 Underlineallthenounclausesyoucanfind Figureouthefunctionof it Itisreportedthathewantedtohavearest Itisnecessarythatyoushouldworkhard Wemadeitclearthateveryoneshoulddotheirhomeworkeveryday Weallthoughtitgoodnewsthatthefoghadfinallygone 名词性从句考点归纳 一 名词性从句的连接词 connectingwords a that 不充当从句的任何成分 Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall Shesensedthatshewasbeingwatched Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar ThefactthatPollydidn taskfortheman snameisapity 引导词that的省略 that可省略的情况 单个宾语从句中的that可省略 that不可省略的情况 a 主语从句b 表语从句c 同位语从句d 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句e 并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that不能省略 that that 1 Idon tthink sheiscoming 2 Itisapity hehasmadesuchamistake 3 Thereasonis heiscareless 4 Thenews ourteamwonthematchinspiredus 5 Idon tthinkitnecessary youshouldreadEnglishaloud 6 Hetoldme hisfatherhaddiedand hehadtomakealivingalone that that that that that that that b wh how wordsWhytheyhavenotleftyetisunclear Pollydidn tknowwhichwayshewouldgo TheproblemishowPollyisgoingtofindusinthecrowd Thisisaquestionwhosebookitis 连接代词和副词的选用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义 连接代词 what whatever who whoever whom whose which连接副词 when where how why这些连接词不仅起到连接作用 同时也是从句的一个组成部分 我们何时举行运动会还没有决定 weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided 我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃 Idon tknow broketheglassyesterday 我不知道他长的什么样子 Ihavenoidea helookslike 这就是我忘记眼镜的地方 Thisis Ileftmyglasses When who what where c if whether 不充当从句的任何成分 1 Iaskedherif whethershehadabike 2 Whetherwewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather 3 Thequestioniswhetherheshoulddoit 4 Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestionwhethertheoldmanwillrecoversoon 5 We reworriedaboutwhetherheissafe 6 WediscussedwhetherweshouldclosetheshoponSunday 7 Idon tknowwhethertogo 8 Idon tknowwhetherornotheiswell if和whether的选用 不能使用if的情况 a 主语从句b 表语从句c 同位语从句e 介词后的宾语从句f 动词discuss引导的宾语从句g whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodo h whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if Theweatherwillnotclearupuntilnextweek Itisbadnewsforus Itisbadnewsforusthattheweatherwillnotclearupuntilnextweek 2 Doanimalshavethesamesensesashumans Ioftenwonder Ioftenwonderwhetheranimalshavethesamesensesashumans 3 I msurethatheishonest I mnotsurewhether ifheishonest Idoubt heishonest Ihavenodoubt heishonest whether if that 4 Nooneknowswhether ifitwillbefinetomorrowandwhether ifhewillcometowork hesaidthathelikedrainandthathewouldn tuseanumbrellawhenitwasraining that与whether if的用法区别whether if 表示 是否 而that却不表示任何意义 that表示一种肯定 明确的概念 而whether if 则表示一种不肯定 不明确的概念 当that if whether引导的名词性从句是由and或but连接的两个并列分句时 则在and或but后还需要用that if whether引导 不可省略 二 名词性从句中使用陈述句语序 他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜 Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle 你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗 Couldyoutellmewherehelives Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive W R R w Homework 1 P92C1 C22 kkl Period5grammar 1 Period10 close readingcomprehension that和what的选用 that和what都可引导所有的名词从句 但是 what除起连接作用外 还在名词性从句中充当成分 可做从句的主语 宾语 或表语 而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分 只起连接作用 that what 1 hewantsisabook 2 hewantstogothereisobvious 3 Theresultis wewonthegame 4 Thisis wewanttoknow 5 Is hetoldustrue 6 Weshouldpayattentionto theteacherissaying 7 Ihavenodoubt hewillcome 8 Ihavenoidea hedidthatafternoon What That that what what what that what 三 同位语从句的引导和辨别 1 同位语从句的格式 n 连接词 从句2 能接同位语从句的名词有 fact idea news information order belief suggestion advice等抽象名词 3 连接词通常是that 也可根据含义选用whether what when where等来引导同位语从句 1 Ihavenoidea hecomesfrom 2 Hecan tanswerthequestion hegotthemoney 3 Hegaveusmanysuggestions weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise 4 Ihavenodoubt hewillwin 5 Ihavesomedoubt hewillwin that whether where how where how that that whether 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 1 定语从句是先行词的修饰语 它不涉及先行词的具体内容 定语从句中that不但起连接作用 而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分 充当从句的宾语成分时可省略 2 同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明 表明中心词的具体内容 引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分 只起连接作用 无具体含义 且不可省略 1 Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed 2 WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain 1 Theinformationhasbeenannouncedthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity 2 Theinformationthatherevealedatthemeetingisofgreatvalue AttributiveorAppositive AT AP AP AT 名词demand suggestion proposal advice等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气 结构为should do should可省略 HegavemeasuggestionthatI should becalmnow 宾语从句的时态呼应 1 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时 从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态 a 他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的 Hebelieves b 请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么 Pleasetellme hisdreamwillcometruesomeday whatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday 2 如果主句谓语是过去时 从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态 但从句表达的是客观事实 真理 自然规律等时 从句谓语通常用一般现在时 他告诉我他正在为考试做准备 Hetoldme 他说他已离开家乡十年了 Hetoldme 老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的 Theteachertellus hewaspreparingfortheexamination Hehadbeenawayfromhishometownfortenyears lighttravelsinastraightline Practicetime 1 Itnowappears theyareinneedofhelp A thatB whichC whatD how2 Itisgoodnews theywillarriveinafewdays A whichB whatC thatD how3 It Joedrivesbadly A thoughtthatB thinksthatC isthoughtthatD isthoughtthat4 It heislateforclass A maythatB mightthatC maybethatD mightbewhat5 Thisis shewasborn A whereB whichC thatD what6 Thequestionis wecan tgotheretoday A thatB whatC whichD when 7 Thequestionis itisworthdoing A ifB whetherC whichD what8 Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis hehasneverwastedhistime A becauseB whyC thatD what9 Mysuggestionis weshouldturnthelandintoricefields A whatB thatC whichD where10 Hisproposalisthatthedam atthefootofthemountain A buildB willbuildC bebuiltD willbebuilt11 Myadviceisthathe regularhouse A keepB wouldkeepC keepsD kept12 knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit A WhothatB WhoeverC WhomthatD Thatwho 13 Weallknowthetruth theearthgoesroundthesun A thatB whichC whatD whether14 Weheardthenews ourteamhadwon A whichB thatC whatD where15 Theproblem itisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided A whichB thatC whetherD if16 Youmustdowell theteacherasksyoutodo A whichB whatC thatD where