新视野大学英语第三版第三册第五单元-Section-A.ppt

FOREIGHLANGUAGETEACHINGANDRESEARCHPRESSAIRFORCEENGINEERINGUNIVERTISY Willyoubeaworkeroralaborer FOREIGNLANGUAGETEACHINGANDRESEARCHPRESSAIRFORCEENGINEERINGUNIVERSITY Donothireamanwhodoesyourworkformoney buthimwhodoesitforloveofit HenryDavidThoreau Americanphilosopher ThemoreIwanttogetsomethingdone thelessIcallitwork RichardBach Americanwriter Whenworkisapleasure SectionA 3 Willyoubeaworkeroralaborer Objectives Whenworkisapleasure Willyoubeaworkeroralaborer A SECTION A SECTION 1 Whatdoyoupayspecialattentiontowhenlookingforinajob HighsalaryandattractivebenefitsBrightfutureofcareergrowthLessworkpressureFlexibleworkingtimeAchievementofself realization 2 Whatdoesworkmeantoyou JustmeansoflivingMeasuredintermsofsocialstatusRealizationofone sdreamSelf improvement 1 Readthetypicaljobcharacteristicsbelowandwritedownthenumberthatrepresentsyouropinion 1 Thechanceofadvancingtoahigherposition 2 Howmuchthejobpays 3 Howmuchresponsibilitythejobinvolves 4 Thestresslevelofthejob 5 Thelocationoftheofficebuilding 1 disagreecompletely2 agreealittle3 agreetosomeextent4 mostlyagree5 agreecompletely 1 Readthetypicaljobcharacteristicsbelowandwritedownthenumberthatrepresentsyouropinion 6 Theworkconditions 7 Whetherthejobrequiresunusualworkhours 8 Theamountoftravelrequired 9 Whetherthejobfitsmypersonality 10 Whetherpeopleconsiderthejobprestigious 1 disagreecompletely2 agreealittle3 agreetosomeextent4 mostlyagree5 agreecompletely 2 Workinpairsandcompareyouranswers Discussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartner 3 Whatarethethreemostimportantfactorswhenyouchooseajob Therearemanythingstoconsiderwhenpeoplearechoosingacareer Butforme thefollowingthreefactorsaffectmychoicemost First thejobmustfitmypersonality Ibelievethatcertainoccupationsaremoresuitableforparticularpersonalitytypesthanothers Ifthejobreallyfitsmypersonality Iwillbemorelikelytobesuccessfulandwillenjoygoingtowork Second howmuchthejobpays Tobecontinued ItisunderstandablethatifIwanttoliveanadequatelife Ineedtomakeenoughmoneytosupportthatstandardofliving Finally thelocationoftheofficebuildingisalsoanimportantfactorinchoosingacareerforme Idon tlikeajobthatislocatedfarawayfrommyhome becauseitrequiresextracommutetimeandwillsurelyreducethequalitytimeIcouldotherwisehavespentwithmyfamily 3 Whatarethethreemostimportantfactorswhenyouchooseajob roots moral attentiontodetails TothesePuritans itwasasintobelazyortodolessthanyourbestinanytask TheyandlaterAmericanstriedtofollowtheBible s Ifamanwillnotwork heshallnoteat Therefore Americanshavefor believedthattheywereguiltyofsiniftheydidnotworkascarefullyandhardastheycouldwhentheydidanything teachings centuries ListentoashortpassageconcerningAmerican sWorkEthicandfillinthemissinginformation Tobecontinued Godwould thosewhowerecarelessorlazyintheirwork Evenaschildrentheyweretaught Ifit sworthdoingatall it sworthdoingwell Butsomepeoplehavegonebeyondtheusual Theyareespeciallyattractedtothenotionof climbingtheladder soastoincreasetheirstatus andsenseofself worth financialposition punish senseofdiligence ListentoashortpassageconcerningAmerican sWorkEthicandfillinthemissinginformation Tobecontinued InEnglishanewworldhasbeencreatedtodescribepeoplewhoworkcompulsively Theword workaholic describesanindividualwhoisas asanalcoholicistoalcohol Thereare pointsofviewaboutworkaholics Thoseconcernedwithproblemsofmentalstressbelieveworkaholics themselvesphysicallyandmentally addictedtowork conflicting abuse ListentoashortpassageconcerningAmerican sWorkEthicandfillinthemissinginformation Tobecontinued Othersholdthatworkaholicsarevaluablemembersofsocietybecausetheyare TheAmericanculturevaluesachievement efficiency andproduction andaworkaholic thesevalues upholds extremelyproductive ListentoashortpassageconcerningAmerican sWorkEthicandfillinthemissinginformation CulturalBackground Questionspreviewing 1 Whatis continuingeducation Continuingeducationreferstotheeducationforadults usuallyinclassesthatareheldintheeveningandespeciallyonsubjectsthatarerelatedtotheirjobs CulturalBackground Experientiallearningistheprocessofmakingmeaningfromdirectexperience Itislearningthroughreflectionondoing whichisoftencontrastedwithrotelearning 死记硬背 Experientiallearningfocusesonthelearningprocessfortheindividual 2 Whatis experientiallearning Tobecontinued CulturalBackground Anexampleofexperientiallearningisgoingtothezooandlearningthroughobservationandinteractionwiththezooenvironment asopposedtoreadingaboutanimalsfromabook Thus onemakesdiscoveriesandexperimentswithknowledgefirsthand insteadofhearingorreadingaboutothers experiences CulturalBackground 2 Whatis experientiallearning Willyoubeaworkeroralaborer A SECTION Accordingtothewriter howcanapersonbetrulyhappy Para 1 freeandimportant feelcompelled value importance Howislabordifferentfromplay Para 2 laborers adverse play privatepastime societalexpectations support Betweenlaborandplaystands Para 3 work gardener citymayor worker laborer Whydoestheauthormakeacomparisonbetweenagardenerandawell dressedcitymayor Para 3 natureofthejob interest PartI Paras 1 3 Theintroductionpart includesthefirstthreeparagraphs providingaframeworktodifferentiateamongwork labor andplay Introduction Section3 Paras 6 8 Inmoderntimes workersandlaborersspendtheir indifferentways Section2 Para 5 Workersandlaborersdifferintheamountof theyderivefromtheirjobs Section1 Para 4 Workersandlaborersaredifferentintheir towardtheirwork attitude satisfaction Body leisuretime PartII Paras 4 8 Toworkers leisuremeanssimplythehourstheyneedto inordertoworkefficiently Tolaborers leisuremeans fromcompulsion pronetodedicatemoretimetoworking imaginethatthemorehourstheyhavefreeforplay thebetter Whatdoesleisuremeantoworkersandlaborersrespectively Para 4 relaxand rest freedom Howdoworkersandlaborersdifferintheamountofpersonalsatisfactiontheyderivefromtheirjobs Para 5 behappierlessstressedmoresatisfiedworkwithmorediligenceandprecisionasenseofpersonalpride dailygrindwastingthetimenocontributiontotheirhappinessmeaningfultime spentinleisureandplay Unfortunately laborersarealltoocommonplace andonlyasmallpercentageofthepopulationisintheluckypositionofbeingworkers Workers Laborers Para 8 Workers unlikelaborers hurltheir intotheirwork beitphysicalormental Para 7 canmakethedifferencebetweenbeingbored unhappylaborersandworkerswhofindmeaningandjoyintheiremploymentandlife Para 6 Whilesocialdevelopmenthascreatedmuchmoreleisuretimethaneverbefore modernlaborersspendtheirleisuretimein Inmoderntimes workersandlaborersspendtheirleisuretimeindifferentways Paras 6 8 fosteringbadhabits Lifelonglearning passion PartIII Para 9 Theconclusionpartsummarizesthateveryonehastofindajobandearnaliving andthatwhateverjobyouchoose youmustcontendwiththisessentialquestion Willyoubealaboreroraworker Conclusion Everyonehastofindajobandearnaliving Para 9 Whateverjobyouchoose youmustcontendwiththisessentialquestion Willyoubealaboreroraworker Introduction Paras 1 3 Whatarework labor andplay Tobetrulyhappy apersonmustfeelbothfreeandimportant Para 1 Laboristhepolaroppositeofplay Para 2 Betweenlaborandplaystandswork Para 3 Body Paras 4 8 Workersandlaborersaredifferentinmanyaspects People sattitudetowardtheirworkdetermineseverything Para 4 Peopledifferinpersonalsatisfactiontheyderivefromtheirjobs Para 5 Inmoderntimes workersandlaborersspendtheirleisuretimeindifferentways Paras 6 8 Thereismoreleisuretimetodaythaneverbeforeandlaborersfostermanybadhabits Para 6 Actually therearemanyopportunitiestoimprovepeople smindsandtheirworkingconditions Para 7 Peoplewhoenjoytheirworkfindtimepassesquickly Para 8 Inmoderntimes workersandlaborersspendtheirleisuretimeindifferentways Paras 6 8 Conclusion Para 9 Whateverjobyouchoose youmustcontendwiththisessentialquestion Willyoubealaboreroraworker Thetextargues bydifferentiatingamongwork labor andplay thatinterestand inworkareimportantforthebenefitofboth andsociety Therearethreemajordifferencesbetweenworkersandlaborers Firstly workersandlaborersaredifferentintheir towardtheirwork Workerswilldedicatemoretimeto andspendlesstimeonleisure enjoyment individuals attitude working Willyoubeaworkeroralaborer Tobecontinued whereaslaborerswillregardleisureas fromcompulsionandthemorehourstheyhavefreeforplay thebetter Secondly workersandlaborersdifferintheamountof theyderivefromtheirjobs Workerswillachievegreater thanlaborers Thirdly inmoderntimes workersandlaborersspendtheir indifferentways Tobecontinued autonomy satisfaction happiness leisuretime Whilesocialdevelopmenthascreatedmuchmoreleisuretimethaneverbefore modernlaborersspendtheirleisuretimeinfostering Consideringthisphenomenon canmakethedifferencebetweenbeingbored unhappylaborersandworkerswhofindmeaningandjoyintheir andlife badhabits lifelonglearning employment Tobecontinued Moreover workers unlikelaborers hurltheir intotheirwork beitphysicalormental Everyonehastofindajoband andthatwhateverjobyouchoose youmust thisessentialquestion Willyoubealaboreroraworker earnaliving contendwith passion 略举几例 tonameonly butafew Theinternationalcommunityisalsoofferingassistance includingtheUnitedStates FranceandChina tonameonlyafew nameonly butafew 短语逆译 国际社会也在提供援助 略举几例 如美国 法国和中国 意群提示 短语应用 专注于做某事 sinkone steethintosth PlayingthepartofQueenVictoriaisthekindofrolethatismadeforyou thekindofroleyoucansinkyourteethinto sinkone steethintosth 短语应用 维多利亚女王这个角色 就是为你而设 是一个你能倾情投入的角色 意群提示 短语逆译 拼命干 苦干 slaveaway notationsigns old fashioned Afterslavingawayatthecomputerkeyboard youthenstillhavetowritenotationsignsbyhand theold fashionedway slaveaway 辛辛苦苦用电脑键盘输入后 你还得按老办法手工写上注释符号 意群提示 短语逆译 短语应用 倒数 倒计时 AgiantelectronicdisplayiscountingdownthedaystothestartofthePan AmericanGameshere countdown 一块巨大的电子显示屏对即将在此举行的泛美运动会进行倒计时 意群提示 countdown Pan AmericanGames 短语逆译 短语应用 手头的 需要马上处理的 athand mostlikely Iftheywouldtakeafewsecondstounderstandtheproblemathand theywouldmostlikelyfindaneasyanswerandwithoutneedingacalculator athand 如果他们花上一点时间去弄懂手头的题目 则极有可能不需要计算器就能找到一个简单的答案 意群提示 短语逆译 短语应用 必须处理 不得不应付 contendwith financialyear EuroDisneyhadtocontendwithmanydifficultieswhenitsfirstfinancialyearcametoanend 当第一个财年结束时 欧洲迪斯尼乐园不得不去应对很多的困难 意群提示 contendwithsth 短语逆译 短语应用 社会上看来一定是苦工的事情对个人来说却是自在的玩乐活动 原句译文 逆译练习 Whatisnecessarylaborfromthepointofviewofsocietyisvoluntaryplayfromtheindividual spersonalpointofview Para 3 句型提炼 Whatissth fromthepointofviewofAissth elsefromtheB spointofview 句型提炼 应用提示 用于表达 不同的人对待同一件事有不同的看法 句型应用 elderlypeople weirddressing 典型例句 在老年人看来是怪异的打扮对年轻人来说却是时尚 意群提示 Whatisweirddressingfromthepointofviewofelderlypeopleisfashionfromthepointofviewofyoungpeople 无论是铁匠的体力活 还是像科学家或艺术家从事的偏脑力的活 他们在工作中都会投入激情 原句译文 逆译练习 Theyhurltheirpassionintotheirwork beitphysicalliketheworkofasmith ormorementallikethatofascientistoranartist Para 8 句型提炼 Sb hurlthepassionintosth ordoingsth beit like suchas or like suchas 句型提炼 应用提示 用于举例说明 某人执着地做某事 句型应用 donatemoney oilspills 典型例句 公众为我们的事业捐款 为灾难受害者捐款 无论是地震之类的自然灾难 还是石油泄漏之类人为之灾 意群提示 Thepublichurltheirpassionintodonatingmoneytoourcauseandforthevictimsofdisasters beitnatural suchasearthquakes orman made suchasoilspills 但是当劳役者倒数着时间之时 工作者则干劲十足 全神贯注 从手头的任务中享受到最大的快乐 原句译文 逆译练习 Butwhilelaborersarecountingdownthehours workersareenergizedandfocused takingoptimumpleasureinthetaskathand Para 9 句型提炼 ButwhileA isdoingsth Bisdoingsth else 句型提炼 应用提示 用于对比 不同人不同的做事风格 句型应用 quitter struggler dawdleawayone stime 典型例句 但是当懒人在虚度光阴的时候 奋斗者则目标坚定 信心十足 在努力工作中品尝到成功的喜悦 意群提示 Butwhilequittersaredawdlingawaytheirtime strugglersaredeterminedandconfident tastingthejoyofsuccessintheirhardworking 1 Howdoestechnologychangepeople sworkandlife 2 Howcanapersonfosterloveforhiswork 3 Willyoubeaworkeroralaborer Why Tips Tips Tips Newtechnologyclearlyenablesustoworkfasterandmoreefficiently anditfacilitatesflexibleandremoteworking fittinginwithchildcareoravoidingadistastefulcommute butitcanalsomeanthatwecannoteverreallygetawayfromourjobsandtuneout Technologymaymakeusmoreresponsive morecapableofgainingaccesstoinformationoverabroaderspectrum Technologyisbasically Howdoestechnologychangepeople sworkandlife tobecontinued Withnewtechnology weareworkingharderandaremoreenslavedtoourworkthanbefore Wearewalkingaroundwithlaptopsorwithportablephones We rebecomingslavestohightechnology There snoescape Howdoestechnologychangepeople sworkandlife Startwithapositiveandrightattitude fortherightattitudetowardworkmakesitmucheasiertoacceptanddoit Putinterestintowork Onceyouhavetheenthusiasm itbecomeseasytostartthings Howcanapersonfosterloveforhiswork tobecontinued Createfavorablesurroundingswhendoingthework Alwaysreflectonwhatyouhaveachieved whichwillgiveyouasenseofprideandfulfillment Howcanapersonfosterloveforhiswork Iwillbeaworker foraworkerissomeonewhohasaninterestinandastrongloveforhiswork whoismorededicatedtoandmoresatisfiedwithhisworkthanalaborerwouldbe Willyoubeaworkeroralaborer Why Ithinkit spossiblethatIwillchoosetobealaborersomeday It sneverthecasethatwedoanythingcompletelyinaccordancewithourowninterest Wehavetomeettheexpectationsoftheonesweloveandwehavetobethebreadwinnerforourfamily Anyway weshouldn tignoretheneedsandopinionsofourfamilymemberswhenweareplanningourcareers Willyoubeaworkeroralaborer Why Respectforauthorityorequality responsestodecision making Interpersonalharmonyorcompetition facingdivergences Peopleorientationorproblemorientation waysofdealingwithproblems Self deprecatingorself presentational patternsofexpressingviewpoints Beingcautiousoradventurous stylesofmakingplans MakeacomparisonandcontrastbetweenChineseandAmericanvaluesinvolvedindailyworkplace WatchthetwovideoclipsofModernFamilyanddiscussthefollowingquestions Q1 DoyouthinkAndyaqualifiedmanny Q2 Whatdoyouthinkpeoplewillchoose alow paidjobonelikes oraboringwell paidjob Watching Discussing Questions Watching Discussing Watching Discussing Q1 DoyouthinkAndyaqualifiedmanny professionalexperienceworkingwithkidsgoodatcookingandhouseworkanutritionistandafitnessinstructorsmart active humorous caring attentive responsiblegreatenthusiasmtohisjob Watching Discussing Q2 Whatdoyouthinkpeoplewillchoose alow paidjobonelikes oraboringwell paidjob Ithinkmanypeopleprefertofindajobthattheyreallylike Afterall mostpeoplewanttoenjoythemselvesratherthanhaveplentyofmoneywithoutasenseofachievementandhappiness Ontheotherhand somepeoplemaychooseawell paidjobinsteadofajobclosetotheirheartstoearnmoremoney Ifoneisinseriousfinancialdifficulty onecanhardlyaffordtheluxuryofadreamjob Watching Discussing Willyoubeaworkeroralaborer A SECTION Acomparison contrastessayexaminestwoormoreobjects Thecomparisonshowshowtheyarealike thecontrastshowshowtheydiffer Thefollowingstepsprovideaguideforasuccessfulessay tobecontinued Developacomparison contrastessay 1Besurethesubjectsaresimilar Yoursubjectsmustbelongtothesamegeneralgroup cars forexample foralogicalcomparison 2Presentaclearthesisstatement Thethesisstatementshouldnamesubjectsbeingcomparedandcontrasted indicatewhethertheessayisfocusingonsimilarities compare differences contrast orboth andstatethemainpointsofcomparisonorcontrast tobecontinued 3Selectthepointstobediscussed Decidewhichaspectstocompareand orcontrast 4Selecttheorganizationalpattern Therearetwobasicpatterns subjectbysubjectandpointbypoint Supposeyouarecomparingtworestaurantsforprice food andatmosphere tobecontinued tobecontinued 5Usecleartransitions Transitionsmakeitcleartothereaderwhichofthepointsarebeingcomparedandcontrasted 6Drawaconclusion Afteryouhavemadeyourcomparisons makeastatementofyourconclusionsaboutthecomparisonand orcontrast HavealookatParagraphs4and5toseehowcontrastismadebetweenaworkerandalaborer Generalstatement Para 5 Workersandlaborersdifferintheamountofpersonalsatisfactiontheyderivefromtheirjobs Workerswhoenjoytheirjobswillbehappier lessstressed andgenerallymoresatisfiedwiththeirlives Theywillalsoworkwithmorediligenceandprecisionbecausetheyhavefosteredasenseofpersonalprideintheirjobs Laborers whosesoleincentiveisearningtheirlivelihood feelthatthetimetheyspendonthedailygrindiswastedanddoesn tcontributetotheirhappiness Insteadofvaluingall24hoursoftheirdayasenjoyableandproductivehours theygaugeonlythetimespentinleisureandplayasmeaningful Readthesampleessayandseehowitdevelopsinthepatternofpoint by pointcomparison Topic VacationingatabeachorinacityIntroduction Thesisstatement Therearedifferencesbetweenvacationatabeachandinacity Body Point1 Thefirstmajordifferenceisthekindofactivitiesyouareabletodo onabeach inacityPoint2 Anotherdifferenceistheclothingandequipmentyouneedtotakewithyou onabeach inacityPoint3 Thefinaldifferenceisthepaceoflife onabeach inacity Conclusion Hereyouhavethesedifferencestoconsiderwhendecidingwheretogoonvacation Itisafactthatnotallpeoplehavetheopportunitytogoonvacation Theoneswhohavetheopportunityliketogooutoftownonceinawhileinordertoleavetheirworriesbehind Whenwegoonvacation wehavetodecidethebestplacetogoaccordingtowhatwehaveinmind Thepurposeofthisessayistocontrastthedifferencesbetweenvacationatabeachandinacity Wewilllookatthekindofactivities theclothingrequiredandthepaceoflifeavailablewhilevacationingonabeachorinacity tobecontinued Sampleessay tobecontinued Thefirstmajordifferencebetweenvacationingonabeachandinacityisthekindofactivitiesyouareabletodo Onabeach forexample youcangosailing fishing surfing skiing ortakeadvantageofthesunandlieinthesandtogetatan oreveninsomecasesfeedsharksandswimwithdolphins Ontheotherhand inacityyoucanvisitdifferentsitessuchasmuseums theaters importantbuildings orgodowntown Thismeansthatyouhavemanyplacestoknowandyouwillneedmuchmoretimeandorganizationinacitythanonabeach tobecontinued Anotherdifferencebetweenvacationingonabeachandinacityistheclothingandequipmentyouneedtotakewithyou Ifyoudecidetogotothebeach youwillhavetotakemainlyabathingsuit shorts short sleeveshirts sandals sunglasses andsunblock Consideringthatyouaregoingtothecitywhereyouwillhavetowalkalot youwillneedcomfortableandcasualclothingsuchasjeansandtennisshoes Youwillalsohavetotakefancyclothesincaseyouwanttogo forexample towatchaplayortoaconcert tobecontinued Thefinaldifferencebetweenvacationingonabeachandinacityisthepaceoflife Ifyouwantarelaxingplan youroptionwillbethebeach Whenyouareonthebeachyoujustletthingshappenwhileinthecityyouwillhavetoscheduleallyouractivitiesinordertohavetimetovisitthedifferentsitesyouwantto Inconclusion hereyouhavethesedifferencestoconsiderwhendecidingwheretogoonvacation Althoughbothplacesareinterestingandexciting italldependsonwhatyouarelookingfor Keepinmindthatwhereveryoudecidetogoyouwillenjoyit Writingpractice Directions Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsononeofthefollowingtopics Onetopichasanoutlinethatyoucanfollow Topic ContinuingtostudyorgoingtoworkIntroduction Choosingbetweencontinuingtostudyandgoingtoworkwillhaveprofoundimpactsonyourfuturelifeandcareer Body Point1 Yourchoicenowwillhaveanimpactonyourplanningforthefuture continuingtostudy goingtoworkPoint2 Yourchoicewillalsohaveanimpactonyoureconomicconditions continuingtostudy goingtoworkPoint3 Yourchoicewill ofcourse haveagreatimpactonyourfuturejobopportunities continuingtostudy goingtoworkConclusion Youshouldbeclearaboutallthepossibleimpactsofyourchoicebeforeyoumakethefinaldecision Moretopics Twofast foodrestaurants Goingtoamovieorwatchingamovieathome HaveaDebateonJob hopping EnglishDebate PROSDiversebackground Accesstomoreinformationandresources Exposuretodifferentbusinessesandpeople You llhavealarge resourcefulnetwork Achancetofindtherightfit Higherpay EnglishDebate Theprosandconsofjobhopping CONSAnemployermightseeitasasignofirresponsibility Itmaycompromiseyourjobsecurity Lackofsatisfaction Youmaydamagerelationships Theymayquestionyourjudgment They llfearyou llleaveatthefirstsignoftrouble Theprosandconsofjobhopping EnglishDebate Translateaparagraphbasedonasummaryofthetextbyusingtheexpressionsfromthetext 如果人们的工作对自己有负面影响 但为了遵从社会的期望或者谋生而被迫必须继续工作 那么他们就被认为是劳役者 如果人们的个人兴趣跟社会付酬让他们做的工作相吻合 他们就被称为工作者 adverseeffect conformto feelcompelledto coincidewith Tobecontinued 一份活到底应定为工作还是劳役并不取决于其本身 而是承担这份活的个人感受 工作者和劳役者的区别在于他们对工作的态度 从工作中获得的个人满足感以及度过闲暇时间的方式 bedesignatedas derivefrom differin Tobecontinued personalsatisfaction 不管你选择什么工作 都必须面对这个根本问题 你想做一名劳役者还是工作者 contendwith Samples essentialquestion Peopleareconsideredlaborersiftheirjo