高考英语全国卷短文改错题型解题方法指导课件.ppt

短文改错 1 考点设置之名词 命题特点 本来用复数 却用单数 改正方法 1 根据名词前的修饰限定成份 2 根据上下文的逻辑关系 详解 1 Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess schoolmate改为schoolmates 2 Afterclasswebecomestrangeratonce stranger改为strangers 3 TheywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothatI llgetmarksinallmysubject subject改为subjects 4 OnthewayupIwasbusytakingpicturesincethescenerywassobeautiful picture改为pictures 5 Thereareadvantageforstudentstoworkwhilestudyingatschool advantage改为advantages 6 Hehadnoideasthatthekitchenwasnotforguests ideas改为idea 7 Ilookedathisotherhands hands改为hand 2 考点设置之代词 命题特点 1 女性代词指代男性或相反 2 单数指代复数 3 代词词性误用 改正方法 联系上下文的逻辑关系 代词的错误特点 1 人称代词的偷换错误2 缺少人称代词的错误 3 人称代词数的一致问题4 人称代词格的一致问题 详解 1 TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome his改为their 2 Ihaveagoodfriendwho snameisLiuMei who s改为whose 3 Itwasaboutnoonwhenwearrivedatthefootofthemountain Thethreeofthemwereveryexcited them改为us 4 SoonIbegantoenjoytalkingtomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish me改为myself 5 OnedayIwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher showed后加it 6 Somestudentsmayalsosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse our改为their 3 考点设置之介词 命题特点及改正方法 介词涉及搭配错误 因此可从以下方面确定错误 1 介词的基本用法 2 习惯搭配 3 动词词类确定错误 如talk serve wait等 介词短语常常考 固定搭配要记牢 介词后边跟宾语 结合语境细推敲 详解 1 Wedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether 去掉about 2 IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow 去掉at 3 ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateanythingintoEnglish 去掉was后的in 4 We lltalkwithourplanfortheweekendoverdinner with改为about 5 Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp with改为for 6 Hewaslookingforaglassthecupboard glass后加in 7 Eachtheselinesstandsforatroubleinmylife each后加of 4 考点设置之时态 命题特点及改正方法 动词的时态和语态的误用现在时与过去时的误用 句中一般没有时间状语 每年都考 要注意联系上下文 着眼于整个语篇的时态 通常整篇都是过去 突然一个句子用现在时 其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多 详解 1 Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome theywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothat did改为do 2 Thetimepassesquickly Eveningcame passes改为passed 3 Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass reads改为read 4 Idon tknowthattheydon tliketotalkwithme Sometimes wetalkedtoeachotherverywellinclass talked改为talk 5 Iwillwriteagainandsendyouthephotoswetaketogether take改为took 6 WehadguestslastnightwhohavenotstayedinaB Bhotelago have改为had 7 Growingupisnoteasy Sometimesallthatisneedissomeonetorelyon 解析 need needed语态的误用 此处应为被动语态 8 ThebikeoutsidemyhouseisbelongedtoTom 解析 去掉isbelongto无被动形式 5 and but or误用及前后不一致 命题特点 主要考查and or but so等并列连词的误用 改正方法 1 根据句意确定误 2 根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误 详解 1 Sheissmilingatmebutnoddingatme but改为and 2 Itlooksasifmyparentstreatmeasavisitorandaguest and改为or 3 Thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewasgood and改为but 4 Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight but改为and 5 Wefedmonkeys visitingtemplesandtoldstories visiting改为visited 6 Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass reads改为read 6 考点设置之从句连词 命题特点及改正方法 句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等 解答这类题从以下方面来思考 1 句子结构是否完整 成份是否冗缺 2 复合句中边接方句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等 详解 1 Itwasaboutnoonwearrivedatthefootofthemountain noon后加when 2 Idon tknowthattheydon tliketotalkwithme that改为why 3 ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateeverythingintoEnglish 去掉that前的in 4 Earningtheirownmoneyallowsthemtospendonanythingasiftheyplease 去掉if 5 Theydidnotwantbreakfastbecausethattheyweregoingoutearlyinthemorning 去掉that 7 考点设置之冠词命题特点及改正方法 英语中冠词只有三个 只能从以下几个方向出题 1 不定冠词a和an互改 2 不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改 3 根据需要增删冠词 详解 1 Aseveryoneknows it sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals famous前加a 2 Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof but a改为the 3 OnThursdayIwillhavetodecidewhatIwanttodooveraweekend a改为the 4 Ihopeyou vehadpleasantjourneyhome had后加a 8 考点设置之形容词和副词 命题特点及改正方法 主要考查形容词和副词的误用 形容词及副词的比较级等 1 根据adj 或adv 的基本用法确定错误 2 修饰连系动词或名词用形容词 3 修饰行为动词 形容词 过去分词及整个句子用副词 详解 1 Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly quietly改为quiet 2 TherehavebeenreportsinAmericaaboutpeopletryingtostealpersoninformationforbadpurposes person改为personal 3 FindinginformationontheNetiseasily easily改为easy 4 SowhatIlearnedfromthejobwasmuchmoreimportantaswhatIearned as改为than 5 Mypronunciationwasterribly terribly改为terrible 6 Theycamebacklatelyandhadsometea lately改为late 9 考点设置之非谓语动词 命题特点改正方法 1 谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用 2 动词不定式和动名词的错用 3 现在分词和过去分词的错用等 详解 1 Earningtheirownmoneyallowthemtospendonanythingastheyplease allow改为allows 2 MyparentswilldoalltheycanmakesurethatIgetagoodeducation make前加to 3 SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfinsimpleEnglish talk改为talking 4 Wefedmonkeys visitingtemplesandtoldstories visiting改为visited 5 Somestudentsmayalsotosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse 去掉to 10 主谓不一致的错误1 Butthenthereisalwaysmoremysteriestolookinto 解析 is are后面的mysteries为复数形式 2 Nowmypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary 解析 is are主语是mypictureandtheprize 故谓语动词应为复数 3 Billwasstandingatthesideofthecar talkingtotwomenwhowashelpinghimtorepairit 解析 第二个was were先行词twomen是复数 因此定语从句的谓语动词也为复数 11 冗词的多用1 Lastsummer IwenttoBeijing myfirsttimetriptothecity 解析 去掉timetime一词多余 first即可表达 第一次 2 Twoyearslater hereturnedbackhome 解析 去掉backreturn即可表达 归来 之意 3 Itisabout200milesfarawayfromLondon 解析 去掉far如果前面有数词 一般不用far 4 Manystudentsfeelitthatapopularteachermustbekindandeasy going 解析 去掉it动词feel的宾语是that引导的宾语从句 而it不是形式宾语 如果是形式宾语 其后应接形容词