英语新目标下现在完成时态.ppt

ThePresentPerfectTense 现在完成时态 现在完成时态的构成 have has 过去分词 现在完成时的基本用法 一 现在完成时表示过去某时发生的动作到说话时已经完成 对现在产生的影响或结果 可用一个一般过去时和一个一般现在解释 Shehashadlunch Sheisfullnow 现在的情况 Shehaditanhourago 过去的动作 现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在 eg 这种用法一般不带明显的时间状语 但可以already yet just once twice等副词用 eg Youhavelearnt edEnglishforoverthreeyears MrsluohastaughtChineseforabout30years Hehasdonehishomeworkforanhour 2 since 时间点 具体的过去时间eg YouhavelearnedEnglishsince2003 Hehasbeeninthearmyfortenyears Hehaslivedheresince1977 Hehaslivedherefor29years 二 未完成用法 表示动作或状态开始于过去 一直延续到现在 这个动作并未结束还会继续延续下去 这种用法一般可以与表示延续性的时间壮语连用 如 1 for 数词 时间名词 B since S 主 V ed others YouhavelearntEnglishsinceyoucametoNo 1MiddleSchool 从上面的句子可以得出 现在完成时的第二种用法的两种时间状语可以转换 同时还可与一般现在时和一般过去时进行转换 Hehaslivedherefor29years 常用的时间状语 since for allone slifeinthepast lastfewyears sofar for和since的运用对比 for 一段时间fortwoweeksforthreeyears since过去的某一时刻sincethensincelastmonth一般过去时态的时间状语从句sincesheleft 注意 for和since所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间 Hehasbeenawayforaweek Hehasbeenawaysincelastweek 对划线部分提问都用Howlong ShehaseverbeentoBeijing 现在已不在北京 从结果上和现在联系起来 3 Specialusage a 要表示某人曾去过某处 或去过某处多少次 要用have hasbeento aplace b 要表示某人一直在某处 ShehasbeeninBeijingfortwoyears 现在仍在北京 从时间上和现在联系起来 Ihavebeeninthistownsince1977 c 要表示某人到某地去了 即说话人不在说话的地点 HehasgonetoShanghai 他已经去了上海 Ex Say W or R tothefollowingsentences YouhavegonetoShanghai Yourpen friend TomhasgonetoShanghai IhavegonetoShanghai W R W Examinationpoint Say W or R tothefollowingsentences A Hehasboughtabook Hehasn tboughtanybooksforalongtime Hehasboughtthebookfortwoweeks Hehashadthebookfortwoweeks B Theoldmanhasdied Theoldmanhasdiedfortwoyears Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortwoyears R R R W R W R 结束性动词在陈述句中不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用 但是可以转换成对应的延续性动词后接段时间 结束性动词与延续性动词的转换 buy havecatch get acold haveacoldborrow keepcome go become beputon wear jointhearmy beasoldier beinthearmygotoschool beastudent beinschoolfinish beoverbegin beonleave beawayfallsleep beasleepclose becloseddie bedead 1 我们买这本书三年了 Wehavehadthebookforthreeyears 2 他感冒三天了 Hehashadacoldforthreedays Weboughtthebookthreeyearsago Hecaughtacoldthreedaysago 一般过去时态和现在完成时态同义转换 3 我借的这本书一周多了 Ihavekeptthebookforaweek 4 我成为一个学生两年多了 Ihavebeenastudentforovertwoyears Iborrowedthebookaweekago Ibecameastudenttwoyearsago 5 MrBlack死了三年了 MrBlackhasbeendeadforthreeyears MrBlackdiedthreeyearsago 1Canyoumakesure thegoldring A whereAlicehadputB wherehadAliceputC whereAlicehasputD wherehasAliceput 使用现在完成时表示过去发生的 放 的动作对现在的影响 究竟金戒指现在 在哪里 2WhenIwasatcollegeI threeforeignlanguages butI allexceptafewwordsofeach A spoke hadforgottenB spoke haveforgottenC hadspoken hadforgottenD hadspoken haveforgotten 但都忘了 是现在的情况 要用现在完成时 强调结果 3 I msorrytokeepyouwaiting Oh notatall I hereforonlyafewminutes A havebeenB hadbeenC wasD willbe for onlyafewminutes 说明几分钟前来到了这里 一直到现在 5Mydictionary Ihavelookedforiteverywherebutstill it haslost don tfindismissing don tfindhaslost haven tfoundismissing haven tfound 4 thesportsmeetmightbeputoff Yes italldependsontheweather A I vebeentoldB I vetoldC I mtoldD Itold 被告知 是过去的事 对现在的影响是 我已知道 6 Doyouknowourtownatall No thisisthefirsttimeI here wasB havebeenC cameD amcoming 7 Where therecorder Ican tseeitanywhere I itrighthere butnowit sgone didyouput haveputhaveyouput puthadyouput haveputwereyouputting haveput 8 WhoisJerryCooper Isawyoushakinghandswithhimatthemeeting Don tyoumeethimyetHadn tyoumethimyetDidn tyoumeethimyetHaven tyoumethimyet 9Youdon tneedtodescribeher I herseveraltimes hadmethavemetmetmeet Exercises You veneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore Ahaven tyouBhaveyouCdoyouDdon tyou2 AnnhasgonetoShanghai So herparents AdoBgoneChaveDdone3 Ihavewatchedthegame When you it AhavewatchedBdowatchCdidwatchDwillwatch 4 Mr Green inChinasincefiveyearsago AlivedBhaslivedClivesDisgoingtolive5 Hisgrandma fortwoyears AdiedBhasbeendeadCwasdeadDhasdied6 Youhaven tchangedyourmind AdoyouBareyouChaveyouDdidyou 7 WhereisHanMeinow She toShanghai Shewillbebackintwodays AhasgoneBhasbeenCgoesDhadgone8 I venever totheUnitedStated butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsago AgoBgoneCgotDbeen9 Howlonghaveyou thefootballteamoftheschool AbeenonBbeenatCjoinedDplayed10 Wherehaveyou thesedays Ihave toDalianwithmyfriends Abeen goneBbeen beenCgone beenDgone gone 11 Howlonghaveyou thisdictionary AboughtBborrowedChadDlent12 Excuseme youseenthefilmyet Yes I itlastnight Ahave seeBhave haveseenChave seenDhave saw13 Hehasneverriddenahorsebefore AisheBisn tChasn tDhashe Goodbye