英语中倍数的表达方法及译法.ppt

英语中倍数的表达方法和译法 表示倍数的词包括如下一些 times 数字 fold tenfold bythefactorof数字 bythefactorof4 倍数增加的句型集合 1 BeNtimes有三种句型变体 Aisntimesasgreat long much asB Aisntimesgreater longer more thanB Aisntimesthesize length amount ofB 组一句型翻译方法 A的大小 长度 数量 是B的n倍 或A比B大 长 多 n 1倍 注 当相比的对象B很明显时 than as of B常被省去 2 IncreaseNtimes句型有三种变体 increasetontimesincreasentimes n foldincreasebyntimes increasebyafactorofn都译为增加到N倍 或增加N 1倍 注 在这类句型中increase常被raise grow go stepup multiply等词所替代 Increaseby句型翻译的证据这一结构产生误解的概率很高往往误译成比以前增加倍其实它和increaseNtimes和increasetoNtimes表达的倍数概念相同 应译为增加N 1倍 Broilersareparticularlysusceptibletostressasgeneticselectionplusbalancedfeedinghavesresultedinbirdsthatmayincreasetheirhatchingweight 40g byasmuchas45timesintenweeks 1800g or3 7lb 另外 还要注意的是 表示 增加 用times或 fold与用百分数或具体数值是有所不同的 增加的数值或百分数均表示净增量 例如 Populationhasincreasedby200 inthepast25years 人口在过去25年内增加了200 即增加两倍 itsoutputofcottonwentupby20percent 它的棉花产量增长了20 3 Thereisan foldincrease growth 某物有N 1倍的增加或增长 Thereisathreefoldincreaseintheproductionofwheatthisyear 4 double 增加1倍 treble trebl 增加2倍 quadruple kw drupl 增加3倍 quintuple kwintjupl 增加4倍 Theefficiencyofthemachineshasbeenmorethantrebledorquadrupled 这些机器的效率已提高了2倍或3倍多 5 此外 英语中还有一种用again而不用倍数词来比较倍数的方法 如 1 Aisasmuch large long againasB Aistwiceasmuch large long asB 应译为 A比B多 大 长 1倍 2 Aishalfasmuch large 1ong againasB Aisoneandahalftimesasmuch large 1ong asB 11 应译为 A比B多 大 长 一半 即A是B的一倍半 翻译练习 1 Thisbookisthreetimesaslongasthatone 2 Thedictionaryisexactlyfivetimesmoreexpensivethanthatone 3 Thisbookisthreetimesthelengthofthatone 4 Theproductionofintegratedcircuits 集成电路 hasbeenincreasedtothreetimesascomparedwithlastyear 5 Thedrainvoltage 漏电压 hasbeenincreasedbyafactoroffour 6 Theoutputofchemicalfertilizerhasbeenraisedfivetimesasagainstl986 7 Iftheresistanceisdoubledwithoutchangingthevoltage thecurrentbecomesonlyhalfstrong 8 Bytheendof2007 thenumberofmobilephoneusersinChinahastrebledthatin2003 9 EffortswillbemadetoquadrupletheGDPoftheyear2000by2020 10 Thissubstancereactsthreetimesasfastastheotherone 倍数的减少 第一组 Aisntimesassmall light slow asB Aisntimessmaller lighter slower thanBA的大小 重量 速度 是B的1 n 或A比B小 轻 慢 n 1 n 第二组 decreasentimes n folddecreasebyntimesdecreasebyafactorofndecrease常被reduce shorten go slowdown等词替代 第三组 Thereisan folddecrease reduction 应译为 减至1 n 或 减少 n一1 n Eg Arapiddecreasebyafactorof7wasobserved 发现迅速减少到1 7 Joggingcanmakethepossibilityofcatchingaheartdiseasedecreaseby3times Joggingcanmakeonethreetimeslesslikelytosufferfromaheartdisease 都译成减少到三分之一 即减少了三分之二 翻译练习 1 Thehydrogenatomisnearlyl6timesaslightastheoxygenatom 2 Thissortofmembrane 薄膜 istwicethinnerthanordinarypaper 3 Whenthevoltageissteppedupbytentimes thestrengthofthecurrentissteppeddownbytentimes 4 Theprincipaladvantageoftheproductsisatwo foldreductioninweight 5 Thecostofthenewbuildingmaterialdecreasedbythreetimes 6 Thenewconstructionequipmentwillshortenthreetimestheconstructionperiod 7 Byusingthisnewprocess thelossofheatenergywasreducedbyafactorof3 8 Ifyoutreblethedistance thegravitationalattractiongetsninetimesweaker