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Unit 4 Astronomy- the science of the stars课时作业Using language阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ADear Friend, Please join us for our annual Walk for Charity. Starting in Weldown, you and your friends can choose a delightful 10, 20 or 30 kilometre route. The money raised will provide support to help people all over the world. Start collecting your sponsors now and then simply come along on the day. Please read the instructions below carefully, especially if you require transport to and from Weldown.See you on Sunday 20 November.V JessopWalk OrganiserPS. Well done to last years walkers for helping to raise a grand total of 21,000. The money has already been used to build a childrens playground.START TIMES 30km: 8：0010：00 am20km: 8：0010：30 am10km; 8：0011：30 amThe organisers reserve the right to refuse latecomers. CLOTHING should be suitable for the weather. If rain is forecast, bring some protection and be prepared for all eventualities (不测的事). It is better to wear shoes that have been worn, rather than ones that are new. ROUTE MAPS will be available from the registration point. The route will be signposted and marshaled (指挥) Where the route runs along the road, walkers should keep to one side in single file, facing oncoming traffic at all times. If you need help along the route, please inform one of the marshals.Free car parking available in car parks and on streets in Weldown.BUSES For the 10 and 20 km routes, a bus will be waiting at Fenton to take walkers back to Weldown. The bus will leave every halfhour starting at midday. The service is free and there is no need to book.【话题】体育【文章大意】本文是应用文。文章是一则慈善行活动通知。1Whats the main purpose of this activity?ATo raise money for those in need.BTo encourage people to keep healthy.CTo call on people to travel on public transport.DTo provide a chance for friends to get together.解析：A细节理解题。由该活动的名称WALK FOR CHARITY 和文中信息The money raised will provide support to help people all over the world可知，该活动的主要目的是通过参加慈善行活动为有需要的人们募捐。2. What can we learn about the 30 km walk? AIt should be finished in two hours.BIt can start from any checkpoint. CIt is designed for professionals.DIt will go on even if it rains.解析：D细节理解题。由CLOTHING 部分的. be suitable for the weather. If rain is forecast, bring some protection.可推测，即使下雨，无论十公里走、二十公里走还是三十公里走都会继续进行。3Where will the 20 km walk finish?AFenton. BWeldown.CLower Brene. DGreat Rushley.解析：A细节理解题。由BUSES 部分的be waiting at Fenton to take walkers back to Weldown以及文中所给路线图可知，十公里走和二十公里走的路线均是从Weldown出发，在Fenton结束。BImagine walking through the park on a sunny day. You look up to see a spider twice the size of your head. It looks so real that it seems to be moving down its web toward you.Before you scream and run away, look closer. That 50pound spider is a wood sculpture, made by artist David Rogers. It is one of 14 bugs(虫子) David has on display in parks and gardens around the United States.Davids collection is called Big Bugs. It includes three monster ants. Each one is 25 feet long. Thats almost as long as a school bus! Some of Davids other bugs are all big enough to sit on.David hopes his huge sculptures will help us to stop and notice bugs. We may not see them working. Sometimes we may not even want them around. But David points out that bugs are an important part of nature. They make the soil a better place for plants to grow, they pollinate (对授 粉) flowers, they eat other insects, and they are food to many creatures.As a child, David did not get the best grades. He was not even the best painter. But he loved to make things. Using only sticks and string(绳), he would build tiny villages small enough for an insect.One day when he was older, he saw a bent tree that reminded him of the backbone of an animal. He decided to form a giant beast by adding more branches. The result was a dinosaur named Goliath, his first large sculpture. David has also made sculptures by welding (焊接) metal. By joining together old car parts, he made a housefly and a dragonfly. Does this sound like fun to you? Good newsDavid believes theres an artist in everyone. Of course, you probably wont start out by making a 25foot ant. It took David years to come up with his huge bugs.But as David says, “Theres no right or wrong way to express yourself with art. Let your imagination run free.”【话题】艺术【文章大意】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了美国善于运用自然材料创作昆虫雕塑的艺术家David Rogers。4What do we know about the spider mentioned in the first paragraph?AIt is almost as long as a school bus.BIt is a newlydiscovered species.CIt is Davids favorite animal.DIt is actually a work of art.解析：D细节理解题。由第二段的That 50pound spider is a wood sculpture，made by artist David Rogers可知，第一段提到的蜘蛛实际上是一件艺术作品。5Whats the purpose of Davids bug display? ATo show his artistic talent.BTo raise money for local parks.CTo teach others how to sculpture.DTo call public attention to insects.解析：D推理判断题。由第四段的David hopes his huge sculptures will help us to stop and notice bugs.bugs are an important part of nature可知，David展示昆虫收藏品的目的是引起公众对昆虫的注意，因为他认为这些昆虫都是益虫。6What did David mainly use to make his sculpture called Goliath?AMetal.BWood.CReal bugs. DSticks and string.解析：B细节理解题。由倒数第二段的he saw a bent tree.He decided to form a giant beast by adding more branches. The result was a dinosaur named Goliath可知，David创作的第一件大型作品名叫Goliath。它是由一棵变弯的树和一些树枝构成的。7To be an artist, what does David think is very important? AHaving good grades.BBeing good at drawing.CExpressing yourself correctly.DMaking full use of your imagination.解析：D推理判断题。由最后一段可知，David认为每一个人心里都有一个艺术家，用艺术表达自己没有对错之分，应该让想象力自由驰骋，故他认为成为一名艺术家应该充分利用想象力。CAbout 20,000 years ago, much of Europe, Asia, North and South America was covered by huge sheets (片) of ice, each many kilometres thick. Since then, the ice has gradually melted and the ice sheets have retreated. Today, the only ice sheets on Earths land masses are found in Antarctica and Greenland. Some ice also occurs as glaciers in mountainous regions and as floating ice floes (浮冰块) in the Arctic Ocean and around Antarctica. At first sight, these remote (遥远的) leftovers from the last Ice Age seem of little importance for most of us today. However, nothing could be further from the truth. Many scientists believe that our planet is warming as a result of the greenhouse gases that we are pumping into the atmosphere. If the planet becomes warmer, the ice sheets will start to melt, causing sea level to rise perhaps several metres by the end of this century. Such a rise would cause widespread flooding of lowlying coastal areas and threaten many large cities. Observations from space suggest that parts of the major ice sheets are beginning to melt more rapidly. Meanwhile, recent satellite images(影像) have also shown that unusually large areas of sea ice have been melting during the Arctic summer. Although sea level will not be affected by the melting of the floating ice, there will be other important environmental changes. For example, ice sheets act like a mirror, reflecting (反射) sunlight and cooling Earth. If the ice disappears, Earth is likely to become warmer and major climate changes could occur. Wildlife living in the polar regions may also be destroyed.【话题】自然【文章大意】本文是说明文。地球上冰层的融化可能导致海平面加速上升，物种大量消失，人类生活面临灾难。8What does the underlined word “retreated” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?AGrown. BReduced.CFormed. DDisappeared.解析：B词义猜测题。由第一段的描述以及该段中的the ice has gradually melted和 the only ice sheets on Earths land masses are found in Antarctica and Greenland可知，冰逐渐融化，冰原也变小了，两万年前，欧洲、亚洲、北美洲和南美洲大部分被巨大的冰覆盖着，而现在地球陆地上的冰原只存在于南极洲和格陵兰岛。9. Whats most common peoples attitude towards the ice sheets?AOptimistic. BCritical.CSincere. DUnconcerned.解析：D观点态度题。由第二段中的At first sight, these remote leftovers from the last Ice Age seem of little importance for most of us today可知，乍一看，这些从冰河时代留下来的冰原对我们大多数人来说似乎意义不大，由此可推断， 大多数人并不关心冰原的存在。10. What would happen if the greenhouse gases continue to increase?AVast amounts of land will be flooded.BLarge cities in the world will disappear.CThe sea level will drop to its lowest level.DGlobal temperatures will drop sharply.解析：A推理判断题。由第二段中的our planet is warming as a result of the greenhouse gases 和lf the planet becomes warmer . would cause widespread flooding of lowlying coastal areas and threaten many large cities可知，如果大气中的温室气体继续增加，地球将会变得更温暖，冰原开始融化，海平面将会上升，这会使得低洼的沿海地区洪水泛滥，甚至会威胁到很多大城市。11. What can we infer from the last paragraph? AIce sheets melt faster than floating ice.BThe melting of floating ice isnt damaging.CSea ice melting will have disastrous effects.DSpace research contributes to climate changes.解析：C推理判断题。由最后一段中的If the ice disappears, Earth is likely to become warmer and major climate changes could occur. Wildlife living in the polar regions may also be destroyed可知，地球上冰层的融化和消失将会带来灾难性的后果。DFor most of us Veterans Day just means a chance to enjoy an extra day off from school or work. However this November 11th, be sure to spend a few minutes on its true purpose, by acknowledging (感谢) the men and women who have served in our armed forces.And you dont have to stop at just this one day. Join the over 10,000 youth members of the Young Marines group that honor these brave men and women all year long with special events and completely spoil them for an entire week, from November 4th to 11th, by visiting hospitalized veterans, performing chores(杂务) for disabled veterans and even organizing communitywide social events. The program open to kids ranging from the age of eight all the way to high school, is a great way to not only show your appreciation, but also get a chance to do some fun activities with likeminded kids and make a real difference in a veterans life.People often believe that Memorial Day and Veterans Day are celebrated for the same reason. There is however a subtle but important difference between the two. While both honor our military personnel (军人), the former is a day to remember and pay respect to all the men and women that died serving our country in a war, while Veterans Day is to celebrate the soldiers who are still alive and served in the forces at any time, during peace or war.Though several other countries celebrate this day in honor of their own veterans, the meaning is slightly different for each one. Some like the United Kingdom, celebrate it in honor of all soldiersliving or dead, while others like Canada celebrate it to honor all living veterans. They also call it different names. France and New Zealand still call it Armistice Day. In the United Kingdom, Australia and Canada it is referred to as Remembrance Day, while Malta and South Africa celebrate it as Poppy Day. No matter what it is called, the reason for observing the day is the sameto show our appreciation to the brave men and women who sacrifice (牺牲) everything to make this world a safer place for the rest of us.【话题】节假日活动【文章大意】本文是说明文。退伍军人节是美国的全国性节日，以向退伍军人表示敬意。12. Whats the prime purpose of Veterans Day?ATo let people have one more day off.BTo show respect for soldierscontributions.CTo organize fun activities for school children.DTo celebrate Americas success in world wars.解析：B细节理解题。由第一段中的 acknowledging the men and women who have served in our armed forces可知，退伍军人节是为了向退伍军人表示敬意。13What can kids do at the Young Marines group program?AHelp take care of sick veterans.BOrganize parties for disabled veterans.CShare stories with veterans and other kids.DEntertain veterans by singing and dancing.解析：A细节理解题。由第二段中的by visiting hospitalized veterans, performing chores for disabled veterans and even organizing communitywide social events可知，参加活动的孩子们可以看望住院的退休老兵，帮残疾的退休老兵做杂务，还可以组织社区范围内的社交活动。14. What can we learn about Memorial Day?AIt is in remembrance of war dead.BIt is another name for Veterans Day.CIt is observed on November 11th every year.DIt honors soldiers who are serving in the military.解析：A细节理解题。由第三段中的the former is a day to remember and pay respect to all the men and women that died serving our country in a war可知，美国的阵亡将士纪念日是为了悼念在各战争中阵亡的美军官兵。15. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?AThe origin of Veterans Day.BThe History of Veterans Day.CVeterans Day around the world.DThe observance of Veterans Day.解析：C段落大意题。由第四段的描述可知，本段主要介绍了不同国家的退伍军人节的意义及名称。
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