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Unit 4 Astronomy- the science of the stars课时作业language points.阅读理解A2019石家庄模拟 As a teenager, I terrorized my mother. We often quarreled about whether or not I would empty the dishwasher, take out the trash, or clear the dinner plates. My brothers referred to these infamous screaming matches as World War every time a battle began. The fights lasted as long as my mother could put up with my sharp tongue and snide remarks, after which I was sent to my room without dinner.Now we dont argue anymore. Its not because Ive matured, gotten married, and left my parents house, but because my mother cannot utter (发出) enough words to form sentences. Her brain is a mess like a room full of people speaking different languages with no interpreter that cannot communicate.At fiftyfour, she was diagnosed with earlyonset Alzheimers disease and now, four years later, she is completely dependent on my family and me to function. We feed her, dress her, bathe her, drive her around, and pray that the disease progresses slowly.Alzheimers has changed both the relationship we share as a mother and daughter and the fundamental beliefs that guide my life. I now believe that I am fortunate to have the opportunity to give back to my mother with the same love and devotion she always shared with me.I visit her as often as my schedule permits. Sometimes I share stories with her, reducing any details to basic terms that she can understand. Sometimes we sit in silence and comment every now and then about how good the coffee is. “Makes you feel good，” she tells me, talking about the coffee, and I want to say the same thing about the time spent with her. I am so grateful for these moments, for the experiences we share, and for the chance to make up for the way I treated her years earlier. The funny thing is that she may never remember those arguments.【解题导语】该文主要讲述了母亲在得了阿尔茨海默病后，作者对母亲的细心、体贴的照顾的故事。【长难句分析】The fights lasted as long as my mother could put up with my sharp tongue and snide remarks, after which I was sent to my room without dinner.分析：本句是一个复合句。as long as此处表示“和一样(时间)长”，后一个as引导比较状语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中和after一起作状语。译文：斗争一直持续到母亲能够容忍我的尖牙利齿和挖苦的言辞，之后我就被关在自己的屋里不准吃饭了。1What does the underlined word “matches” probably refer to?AGames. BRemarks.CArguments. DMoments.答案与解析：C考查词义猜测。根据最后一段最后一句“The funny thing is that she may never remember those arguments”可推知，此处的matches是指作者和母亲当时的那些争论，与第二段第一句“Now we dont argue anymore”呼应，故选C。2What changed the relationship between the author and her mother?AHer basic beliefs. BHer mothers disease.CHer being mature. DHer mothers devotion.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句“Its not because Ive matured，gotten married，and left my parents house, but because my mother cannot utter(发出)enough words to form sentences”可知，作者之所以不再和母亲起冲突是因为母亲患病了，语言沟通上出了问题，根据第四段第一句也可知答案，故选B。3How does the author feel when telling the story?ASad. BFunny.CAnxious. DThankful.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“I now believe that.she always shared with me”及最后一段倒数第二句“I am so grateful for these moments，for the experiences we share，and for the chance to make up for the way I treated her years earlier”可知，作者在讲述这个故事时，对有机会报答母亲对自己的爱心存感激，故选D。B2019广东七校高三第一次联考On January 13, 2016, France became the first country in the world to pass a law requiring supermarkets to donate food that is approaching its expiration date (保质期) instead of throwing it away. The regulation that applies to supermarkets over 4,000 square feet requires stores to sign official donation agreements with local food banks.The law also makes it illegal for stores to pour water over nearlyexpired food, or store it inside locked warehouses until it is picked up by the garbage trucks. These measures are often undertaken by supermarkets to prevent the hungry from searching for food through the dustbins.Though that may appear cruel, the stores claim they do it to avoid potential food poisoning that could occur if the product is on its way past its expiry. Those who do not obey the new law face the risk of heavy fines.Also, excess goods like yogurt or milk that are likely to go bad quickly are now allowed to be donated directly to the food banks. Though this has always been possible, the current process is long and complex, making it difficult for producers to give away the food in a timely manner.Frances food banks are of course thrilled about the possibility of receiving extra food. Jacques Bailet, who heads a network of French food banks called the Banques Alimentaires, says that of the 110,000 tons of goods received annually, only 36,000 tons come from supermarkets. Bailet estimates (估计)that just a 15% increase in supermarket donations would translate to over 10 million additional meals to feed the hungry each year.Though this is a great first step, Arash Dermabarsh, the activist responsible for the grassroots movement that led to the ban, is not done. He now wants to extend the law to other places like restaurants and also try to convince other countries in the European Union to pass similar regulations. These steps are necessary because of the over 9 million tons of food wasted in France, an astonishing 67% is thrown away by consumers, with supermarkets and restaurants making up the rest.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。法国成为世界上第一个通过法律规定要求超市捐赠接近保质期食物给粮食银行而不是扔掉食物的国家。该规定有效防止了食物浪费。【长难句分析】The law also makes it illegal for stores to pour water over nearlyexpired food, or store it inside locked warehouses until it is picked up by the garbage trucks.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中第一个it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式“to pour water.the garbage trucks”；其中“until it is picked up by the garbage trucks”为until引导的时间状语从句。译文：该法律还规定，商店在即将过期的食品上倒水或将其储存在锁着的仓库里，直到垃圾车将其取走是违法的。4What should stores do with nearlyexpired food?AThrow it away.BSend it to the hungry.CStore it in refrigerators.DGive it away to food banks.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“France became the first country in the world to pass a law requiring supermarkets to donate food that is approaching its expiration date (保质期) instead of throwing it away.The regulation that applies to supermarkets over 4,000 square feet requires stores to sign official donation agreements with local food banks”可知，法国通过的这项法律要求商店必须将即将过期的食品捐献给粮食银行，而不是扔掉，故D项正确。5What does the underlined word “excess” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?AExtra. BCheap.CSeasonal. DReturned.答案与解析：A考查词义猜测。根据第四段第一句“Also，excess goods like yogurt or milk that are likely to go bad quickly are now allowed to be donated directly to the food banks”可知，酸奶或牛奶等可能很快就会变质的过多产品现在可以直接捐赠给粮食银行，符合语境；据此可以判断，画线词意为“额外的，超额的”，故A项“额外的，附加的”正确。B项意为“便宜的”，C项意为“季节性的”，D项意为“退还的”，都与语境不符。6What might Bailet agree with about the French food banks? AThey have a lot of expired food.BThey will get much benefit from the law.CTheir food is enough for the people in need.DTheir food mainly comes from supermarkets.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第五段第一句“Frances food banks are of course thrilled about the possibility of receiving extra food”和最后一句可知，Bailet认为，法国的粮食银行将从这项法律中受益良多，故B项正确。7What does Dermabarsh plan to do?ABuild more food banks in France.BMake the law take effect in more places.CLaunch a campaign to promote this law.DRaise consumers awareness of waste reduction.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据尾段第二句“He now wants to extend the law to other places like restaurants and also try to convince other countries in the European Union to pass similar regulations”可知，Arash Dermabarsh计划将这项法律推行到其他场所和国家，故B项正确。.七选五2019江西名校联盟检测Being a student, especially in the later years of high school and the college years, can be a time when you are finally given the independence that you desired. Meanwhile, you havent learned exactly how to manage your life between the educational and personal development. Then setting your plans and time sorted out is vital to your success. _1_No Skipping Experts at Assignment Masters cannot stress enough just how important it is that you do not skip any of your classes. There will always be vital information given out in every class that could be the key to unlocking the idea for your final project. _2_CalendarBuy a calendar and make notes of every single deadline and class that you have. _3_ One of the worst things that could happen is for you to complete an assignment but hand it in a day too late.Technology Balance_4_ They are the number one reason for delay among students. Training yourself to stay away from them when you are writing your assignments can be really beneficial.Dont Over CommitThe mixture of personal and professional life at college can sometimes be challenging. _5_ However, it is important to try not to over commit to activities on either side. Always leave time at the end of a day to review your studies so you can go into the next days classes ready and prepared.ABalancing these two aspects can be tough.BYou should always be ready and present.CBut why selfmanagement is so vital for your success?DHere are some best selfmanagement tips on how to arrange yourself.EKeep a balance between study and rest during these educational years.FTry to balance out your use of certain technology and social media platforms.GThis way you will be on top of the places and what times you have to be there.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，就高中后期和大学期间学生如何平衡学习和生活提出了几条建议。1答案与解析：D根据下文内容，尤其是从各个段落的小标题可知，下文主要介绍了如何平衡学习和生活从而进行自我管理的建议。D项“Here are some best selfmanagement tips on how to arrange yourself”符合语境，起承上启下的作用。【易错分析】C项很容易误选，因为它与上文衔接得非常紧密，但是通读下文内容可知，下文并非解释原因，而是提供策略，故C项不可以入选。2答案与解析：B根据该段的小标题No Skipping以及本段中提到的按时上课的重要性可知，B项“You should always be ready and present”最符合语境，起到概括总结的作用，其中present与小标题No Skipping也相呼应。3答案与解析：G根据该段中的祈使句“Buy a calendar and make notes of every single deadline and class that you have”可推知，接下来会说明买日历并为一些事件做标记的好处，故G项符合语境。4答案与解析：F根据该段的小标题Technology Balance以及下文内容可知，本段主要在讲花费在科技产品上的时间要合理得当，故F项符合语境。5答案与解析：A根据空前一句的内容和空后一句中的However可知，空处应指平衡这两方面是很困难的，起承上启下的作用，故选A项。.短文改错2019石家庄模拟Last Sunday, I went on a hike with one of my best friend, Kevin. I got up early that morning and prepare lots of food in my lunchbox and then I went Kevins home to pick him up. On the way to the mountain, we enjoyed at seeing many beautiful flowers along the road. After we arrived at the mountain, all of us couldnt help admire the natural scenery. Then he advised that we had a race between us, what made me excited too. But I agreed immediately. In a hurry, Kevin tripped on a stone and fell all the way down. Fortunate, he got stuck on a tree and I pulled him up at last. What a day!答案：Last Sunday, I went on a hike with one of my best ， Kevin. I got up early that morning and lots of food in my lunchbox and then I went Kevins home to pick him up. On the way to the mountain, we enjoyed seeing many beautiful flowers along the road. After we arrived at the mountain, of us couldnt help the natural scenery. Then he advised that we a race between us, made me excited too. I agreed immediately. In a hurry, Kevin tripped on a stone and fell all the way down. ， he got stuck on a tree and I pulled him up at last. What a day!friend改为friends。考查名词单复数。friend是可数名词，且由one of可知，应用friend的复数形式。prepare改为prepared。考查动词时态。与got呼应可知，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。went后加to。考查固定搭配。固定搭配go to someplace意为“去某地”，符合语境，故加介词to。删除at。考查动词。enjoy是及物动词，后跟名词、代词或动名词等作宾语，不需要介词。all改为both。考查代词。根据上文可知，此处指作者和Kevin两个人，故用代词both。help后加but或admire改为admiring。考查固定搭配。固定搭配cant help doing/but do sth.意为“忍不住做某事”，符合语境，故在help后加but或用admiring。had改为have。考查虚拟语气。动词advise后跟宾语从句时，从句一般用虚拟语气，即从句用“主语shoulddo”的形式，should可以省略，故用动词原形have。what改为which。考查定语从句。此处用which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代前面整个主句。But改为So。考查连词。根据语境可知，上下句表示逻辑上的因果关系，故用连词So。Fortunate改为Fortunately。考查副词。副词一般修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子，故用副词Fortunately修饰整个句子，在句子中作状语。
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