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Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note课时作业Using language阅读理解In 1943, when I was 4, my parents moved from Coeur dAlene, Idaho, to Fairbanks, Alaska, where adventure was never very far away.We arrived in the summer, just in time to enjoy the midnight sun. All that sunlight was fantastic for Moms vegetable garden. Working in the garden at midnight tended to throw her timing off, so she didnt care much about my bedtime.Dad was a Railway Express agent and Morn was his clerk. That left me in a mess. I usually managed to find some trouble to get into. Once I had a little fire going in the dirt basement of a hotel. I had tried to light a barrel(桶) of paint but couldnt really get a good fire going. The smoke got pretty bad, though, and when I made my exit, a crowd and the police were there to greet me. The policemen took my matches and drove me home.Mom and Dad were occupied in the garden and Dad told the police to keep me, and they did! I had a tour of the prison before Morn rescued me. I hadnt turned 5 yet.As I entered kindergarten, the serious cold began to set in. Would it surprise you to know that I soon left part of my tongue on a metal handrail at school?As for Leonhard Seppala, famous as a dog sledder (驾雪橇者), I think I knew him well because I was taken for a ride with his white dog team one Sunday. At the time I didnt realize what a superstar he was, but I do remember the ride well. I was wrapped (包裹)heavily and well sheltered from the freezing and blowing weather.In 1950, we moved back to Coeur dAlene, but we got one more Alaskan adventure when Leonhard invited us eight years later by paying a visit to Idaho to attend a gathering of former neighbors of Alaska.1.What can be inferred about the authors family?A.His father was a cruel man.B.His parents didnt love him.C.His parents used to be very busy.D.His mother didnt have any jobs.2.What happened when the author was 4?A.He learned to smoke.B.He was locked in a basement.C.He was arrested by the police.D.He nearly caused a fire accident.3.Which of the following is TRUE?A.Leonhard was good at driving dog sleds.B.The author spent his whole childhood in Alaska.C.Leonhard often visited the authors family after 1950.D.The author suffered a lot while taking the dog sled in Alaska.4.What is the authors purpose of writing the text?A.To look back on his childhood with adventures.B.To describe the extreme weather of Alaska.C.To express how much he misses Leonhard.D.To show off his pride in making trouble.【答案及解析】：答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.A; 4.A解析：1.推理判断题。根据第三段的描述“爸妈忙于工作没时间管我,于是我就自己去找一些麻烦”可推断出作者的父母当时很忙,所以答案为C项。A、B两项文中没有提及;D项与原文意思不符。2.细节理解题。根据第三段的描述“我试图点燃一桶油漆,可是火没有真的着起来,倒是冒出了很多的烟,就连警察都到了现场”可知在作者4岁那年差点酿成一场火灾,所以答案为D项。A、B两项文中没有提及;而C项与原文意思不符。3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的描述“那个时候我不知道他到底是多大的一个超级明星,但是我分明记得他驾驶雪橇的技术很好”可知答案为A项。1950年也就是作者11岁的时候就搬离了阿拉斯加,排除B项;1950年后作者又回了那儿一次而不是经常回去,排除C项;文中没有提及那次坐雪橇给作者带来了什么伤害,排除D项。4.主旨大意题。作者写本文是在回忆自己在阿拉斯加度过的那段充满冒险的童年时光,通过几个印象深刻的例子突出了作者对那段时光的留恋,所以答案为A项。B项:描写阿拉斯加的极端天气;C项:表达自己是多么想念Leonhard;D项:为了炫耀自己惹事带来的自豪感。这些都是其中回忆的几个细节,综合起来才是真正的写作目的。【长难句分析】In 1950, we moved back to Coeur dAlene, but we got one more Alaskan adventure when Leonhard invited us eight years later by paying a visit to Idaho to attend a gathering of former neighbors of Alaska.在1950 年,我们搬回了Coeur dAlene,但是我们又得到了一次去阿拉斯加冒险的机会,这次是八年后Leonhard邀请我们去拜访Idaho参加一个阿拉斯加的早先邻居的一个聚会。该句为并列复合句。由but连接。其中前句为简单句,后句为复合句,when引导时间状语从句,one more“再一个,又一个”,by paying a visit to.作方式状语。BThat robots, automation, and software can replace people might seem obvious to anyone whos worked in automotive manufacturing. But MIT business scholars Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfees claim is more troubling and controversial. They believe that rapid technological change has been destroying jobs faster than it is creating them.They believe that technology increases productivity and makes societies wealthier, but it became clear to them that the same technologies making many jobs safer, easier, and more productive were also reducing the demand for many types of human workers. Technologies like the Web, artificial intelligence, and big data are automating many routine tasks. Countless traditional white-collar jobs, such as many in the post office and in customer service, have disappeared.As evidence, Brynjolfsson and McAfee point to a chart on which separate lines represent productivity and total employment in the United States. For years after World War II, the two lines closely tracked each other, with increases in jobs corresponding to increases in productivity. Then, beginning in 2000, the lines diverge; productivity continues to rise steadily, but employment suddenly shrinks. By 2011, a significant gap appears between the two lines, showing economic growth with no parallel increase in job creation.United States Productivity and EmploymentBut are these new technologies really responsible for a decade of lackluster (无生气) job growth? David Autor, an economist at MIT who has studied the connections between jobs and technology, doubts that technology could account for such a sudden change in total employment. Moreover, he also doubts that productivity has, in fact, risen steadily in the United States in the past decade. If hes right, it raises the possibility that poor job growth could be simply a result of a depressed economy. The sudden slowdown in job creation “is a big puzzle,” he says, “but theres not a lot of evidence that its linked to computers.” “To be sure, computer technologies are changing the types of jobs available, but that is very different from saying technology is affecting the total number of jobs,” he adds. “Jobs can change a lot without there being huge changes in employment rates.”Lawrence Katz, a Harvard economist, says that while technological changes can be painful for workers whose skills no longer match the needs of employers, no historical pattern shows these shifts leading to a net decrease in jobs over an extended period. Still, Katz doesnt dismiss the notion that there is something different about todays digital technologies. Though he expects the historical pattern to hold, it is “genuinely a question,” he says. “If technology disrupts enough, who knows what will happen?”5.Which period on the chart strongly supports McAfees claim?A.19471967.B.19851987.C.19972000.D.20112013.6.According to David Autor, the change in job growth _.A.is not necessarily caused by technologyB.results from a weakening economyC.has no connection with productivityD.affects the current types of jobs7.What is Lawrence Katzs attitude towards the topic?A.Optimistic.B.Defensive.C.Objective.D.Disapproving.8.The main purpose of the passage is to _.A.show the relation between productivity and job creationB.discuss the effect of technological advances on employmentC.argue against the wide use of artificial intelligenceD.explain the impact of technologies on productivity【答案】：5.D; 6.A; 7.C; 8.BCOver seven months have passed since Panamanian officials launched an expansion of the world famous Panama Canal. Officials agreed to the expansion so that many of the worlds largest cargo ships (货船) could easily pass through the canal. Yet the $ 5.25-billion project has problems. It says ships still continue to rub against the canals walls and wear out its defenses designed to protect both shipping and the waterway.A dangerous system The canal links two oceans-the Atlantic and the Pacific-through a system of locks (船闸). The locks are like steps. They raise and lower ships from one part of the waterway to another on their trip from ocean to ocean. With the old locks, which are still in use, large ships would be tied to powerful engines on both sides. These engines help to keep the ships in the center of the canal. In the new locks, the ships are tied to tugboats (拖船). One tugboat is tied to the front of the ship, with the other tied to the back. These boats then guide the ships through the canal. At first, pilots of the cargo ships and tugboat operators would sometimes try to rub the boats against the canal walls as a way to keep the ships straight. But this caused damage to rubber padding (垫料) lining the walls. Not enough training Even before the expanded canal opened in June 2016, tugboat operators had expressed concern about the new system.Many asked for more training. The fears and dangers remain, although the boats are going through. The Panama Canal Authority reports that, between June 2016 and January 2017, there were only 15 incidents that resulted in damage to locks or ships. That represents about 2 percent of the 700 times ships that have sailed through the expanded canal. Pilots have argued they should be replaced with a system of floating bumpers (减震) like those used in some European locks. Officials say they plan to continue operating with the current system of defenses, but changes could happen in the future.9.What is the difference between the new locks and the old ones?A.The old locks dont need rubber padding as defenses.B.The new locks need tugboats tied to both sides of the ships.C.The new locks are easier for the largest ships to pass through the canal.D.The old locks need powerful engines to drag the ships through the canal.10.What is the Panama Canal Authoritys attitude towards the expanded canal?A.Cautious.B.Critical.C.Positive.D.Doubtful.11.What can we learn about the current system of defenses?A.No ships shall rub against the canal walls to protect it.B.Nothing will be done at present to improve it.C.More training will be given to pilots for it.D.A new system will replace it. 【答案及解析】：答案： 9.C; 10.C; 11.B解析： 9.推理判断题。根据第三段With the old locks, large ships would be tied to powerful engines on both sides. These engines help to keep the ships in the center of the canal. In the new locks, the ships are tied to tugboats (拖船). One tugboat is tied to the front of the ship, with the other tied to the back. These boats then guide the ships through the canal.可知新锁更利于大船通过,操作更容易。故选C。10.推理判断题。根据第一段Officials agreed to the expansion so that many of the worlds largest cargo ships (货船) could easily pass through the canal.倒数第二段The Panama Canal Authority reports that, between June 2016 and January 2017, there were only 15 incidents that resulted in damage to locks or ships. That represents about 2 percent of the 700 times ships that have sailed through the expanded canal.和最后一段Officials say they plan to continue operating with the current system of defenses,可知巴拿马当局对巴拿马运河的扩建是肯定的,故选C。11.细节推理题。根据最后一段Officials say they plan to continue operating with the current system of defenses, but changes could happen in the future.可知对巴拿马运河当前的防御系统继续运行,目前不会变化将来可能会发生改变。故选B。DTwo of the saddest words in the English language are if only. I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regret, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment. My father is famous in our family for saying, “Take the extra minute to do it right. I always try to live by the extra minute rule. When my children were young and likely to cause accidents, I always thought about what I could do to avoid an ”if only moment, whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something that required a little more work such as taping padding(衬垫) onto the sharp comers of a glass coffee table. I dont only avoid those if only moments when it comes to safety. Its equally important to avoid if only in our personal relationships. We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had foregone an opportunity to say I love you“ or I forgive you. When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday, I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldnt be there. But then I thought about the fact that hes 84 years old and I realized that I shouldnt give up an opportunity to see him.I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all. I know there will still be occasions when I have to say if only about something, but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality. And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection, I know that Im doing the right thing. Im buying myself peace of mind and thats the best kind of insurance for my emotional well-being.12.Which of the following is an example of the extra minute rule?A.Start the car the moment everyone is seated.B.Leave the room for a minute with the iron working.C.Wait for an extra minute so that the steak tastes better.D.Move an object out of the way before it trips someone.13.The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to .A.keep her appointment with the eye doctorB.meet her father who was already an old manC.join in the holiday celebration of the companyD.finish her work before the deadline approached14.The underlined word foregone in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to .A.abandonedB.lackedC.avoidedD.cherished15.What is the best title for the passage?A.The Emotional Well-beingB.The Two Saddest WordsC.The Most Useful RuleD.The Peace of Mind【答案及解析】：答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.A; 4.B解析：1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段中作者就如何避免if only的时刻而列举的例子可知,要遵循extra minute”的规则,需要提前预防危险或令人遗憾的事情发生。因此,D项(在一个东西绊倒一个人之前先把它搬走)与原文信息一致,故选D。2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的 But then I thought about the fact that hes 84 years old and I realized that I shouldnt give up an opportunity to see him. ” 可知,作者最终决定在Good Friday(受难日)去上班,是为了见年迈的父亲。3.词义猜测题。根据画线词后的I shouldnt give up an opportunity to see him可以判断出,画线词的意思与give up呼应,故选A。4.主旨大意题。纵观全文,本文主要围绕着if only展开叙述,而作者在开篇介绍if only是最伤感的两个词, 下文就如何避免使用这两个词进行论述。B项The Two Saddest Words有针对性地概括了全文,符合题意。
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