英语阅读理解-推断题.ppt

ReadingComprehension Howtodealwithquestionsofinference 阅读推理判断题 推断题分类 1 问题形式 Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat Fromthetextweknowthat ismostlikely Whenthewritertalksabout whatthewriterreallymeansis Thewritersuggeststhat Thestoryimplies indicatesthat Wecaninfer concludefromthepassagethat 这类题干中通常含有infer suggest imply concludeindicate 暗示 等标志性词语 一 如何推断隐含意义 2 技巧点拨 1 针对细节推断 2 针对主题思想 一 如何推断隐含意义 推理判断 借助常识 1 Didyoueverhearastrangesoundcomingfromthewall Diditsoundlikeaclock Ifso itmayhavebeenmadebyabeetle Longagopeoplethoughtthetickingmeantthatsomeonewasabouttodie Thusthebeetleiscalled thedeathwatchbeetle Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatthesoundofthisbeetle A pleasedpeople B surprisedpeople C frightenedpeople D excitedpeople Practica1 2 Itisfuntoturnoverabigrockonthebeach Makesureyouturntherockbacktothepositionitwasinafteryoumovedit Ifyoudon tturnitbackover alltheseaanimalsunderitorclingingto 依附 theundersidewilldie Thepassageimpliesthatrocks hurtseaanimalsprotectseaanimalsC won tbefoundonbeachesD can tbefoundonbeaches Practice2 Thepassagesuggeststhatwhenthewritermovedintotheapartment itwas A veryclean B justcleanedbythelandlord C tidyandcomfortable D dirtyandfullofinsects Onedayamanwalkedapetshopandsaidtotheshopassistant Ineedtwosmallmiceandaboutfivedozenroaches 蟑螂 andtwospiders 蜘蛛 Whatdoyouneedthesethingsfor theshopassistantwasverysurprised Well repliedtheman I mmovingoutofmyapartmentandthelandlordinsiststhatIshouldleavethehouseinexactlythesameconditionasIfoundit Practice3 5 Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph A Maryfeelspityforherself B Maryhasrecoveredfromherdisease C Marywantstohelpothersasmuchaspossible D Marydeterminestogobacktothedancefloor Althoughherdiseasehasaffectedhereyesightandforcedhertothesidelinesofthedancefloor sherefusestofallintoself pity Everybodyonearthcanask whyme aboutsomethingorother sheinsists Itdoesn tdoanygood Nooneisimmune 免疫的 toheartachepain anddisappointments Sometimeswecanmakethingsbetterbyhelpingothers I vecometorealizetheimportanceofthatasI vegrownupthissecondtime IwanttospeakoutandbeashelpfulasIcanbe 高考链接 2010湖南卷 4 Whatcanweinferfromthelastsentenceofthetext A HappinesscomesfrompeacefullifeinthecountryB HealthismoreimportantthanmoneyC TheharmonybetweenmanandnatureisimportantD Goodolddayswillneverbeforgotten Thenthepeoplerealizedwhatwashappening Itwasthefrog Theyhadn tbeenuseless Theyhadbeendoinganimportantjob eatinginsects Nowwithsomanyfrogskilled theinsectswereincreasingmorerapidly Theyweredamagingthecropsandspreadingdiseases Now thepeaplearestillpoor Butintheeveningstheysitinthevillagesquareandlistentosoundsofinsectsandfrogs Thesesoundsofthenightnowhaveamuchdeepermeaning 高考链接 2010辽宁卷 5 topicsentence SeveraldifferentbisonspecieshavelivedontheNorthAmericancontinentsincetheIceAge todayonlytwoexist Thewoodbisonisthelargerofthetwo andisnowfoundmostlyinwesternCanada BetterknownintheUnitedStatesisthePlainsbison orbuffalo Atonetime herdsoftheseanimalscouldbesighedalmosteverywherefromtheAppalachianMountainsintheEasttotheRockyMountainsintheWest Theauthorimpliesthatseveraltypesofbison A liveoutsidetheUnitedStatesandCanadaB arewelladaptedtoswampyterrainC existedbeforetheIceAgeD havebeenkilledorhavediedout 3 notmentioned 二 如何推断作者观点和态度 1 问题形式 Thewriter sattitudetoward is Thewriterthoughtthat Accordingtotheauthor 2 技巧点拨注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词 副词 动词及所举的例子 推断出作者的弦外之音 Brainstorming 说明文中作者的态度 objectiveneutral在议论文中 有 1 positive 2 negative 3 neutral 4 approval 5 disapproval 6 indifferent 7 ironic 8 critical 9 optimistic 10 pessimistic 11 cautious 12 admiring 客观的 消极的 漠不关心的 赞成的 不赞成的 乐观的 悲观的 中立的 积极的 讽刺的 批评的 中立的 Notes 谨慎的 崇拜的 Whatistheauthor sattitudetowardsthemoderntechnology A CriticalB Objective C Optimistic D Negative Therewasatimewhensomepeople slivesweredevotedsimplytothecultivationofthelandorthecareofcattle Nomulti taskingthere theirliveswentonatamuchgentlerpace andinafamiliarpattern Thereismuchthatwemightenvyaboutawayoflifelikethis Yetbeforewedoso wemustthinkofthehardtasksourancestorsfaced theyfarmedwithbarehands oftenlivedclosetohunger andhadtofashiontoolsfromwoodandstone Modernmachineryhasfreedpeoplefromthatprimitiveexistence 高考链接 2010江西卷 6 5 Whyisn tyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews AllIreadaboutismurder bribery 行贿 anddeath Frankly I msickofallthisbadnews Thisauthor sattitudetowardsthenewspaperreportingisto A complainB apologizeC amuseD inform 6 江西卷 Justascryingcanbehealthy notcrying holdingbacktearsofanger painorsuffering canbebadforphysicalhealth Studieshaveshownthattoomuchcontrolofemotionscanleadtohighbloodpressure heartproblemsandsomeotherillnesses Ifyouhaveahealthproblem doctorswillcertainlynotaskyoutocry Butwhenyoufeellikecrying don tfightit It sanatural andhealthy emotionalresponse Accordingtotheauthor whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue A Cryingisthebestwaytogethelpfromothers B Fightingbacktearsmaycausesomehealthproblems C Wewillneverknowourdeepfeelingsunlesswecry D Wemustcryifwewanttoreducepressure 8 Whyisn tyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews AllIreadaboutismurder bribery 行贿 anddeath Frankly I msickofallthisbadnews Thisauthor sattitudetowardsthenewspaperreportingisto A complainB apologizeC amuseD inform 解析 作者一是向读者说明这份报纸上只登载坏新闻 如凶杀 行贿受贿和死亡等 二是在字里行间流露出自己的抱怨情绪 对坏新闻厌恶透了 故应选A 三 如何推断写作目的 1 Questionforms 1 考查整篇文章的写作目的A Thewriter spurposeofwritingthispassageisto B Whatisthepurposeofwritingthisarticle C Inwritingthepassage theauthorintendsto 2 考查某处细节的写作意图A Thewriterusestheexampleof toshowthat B Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto C arementionedinthefirstparagraphto Brainstorming Tointroducesth Tosellaproductorservice Toarractreaders attention Toattractreaderstopayforatriptosomeattraction Tocallon Toresiststh Toamusereaders Toargueagainst andsupportone sownidea Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto A testthereaders knowledgeaboutwavesB drawthereaders attentiontothetopicC showJamieTaylor simportanceD invitethereaderstoanswerthem Haveyoueverbeenoutonaboatandfeltitliftedupbyawave Orhaveyoujumpedinthewaterandfelttherushofenergyaswavescameoveryou askedJamieTayloroftheWaveEnergyGroupattheUniversityofEdinburgh Thereiscertainlyalotofenergyinwaves hesaid 高考链接 2010湖南卷 7 TheCostofHigherEducationManypeoplebelievethathighereducationshouldbefreebecauseitisgoodfortheeconomy 经济 Manygraduatesclearlydocontributetonationalwealth butsodoallthebusinessesthatinvest 投资 andcreatejobs Ifyoubelievethatthegovernmentshouldpayforhighereducationbecausegraduatesareeconomicallyproductive youshouldalsobelievethatthegovernmentshouldpaypartofbusinesscosts Anyonepromisingtocreatejobsshouldreceiveagiftofcapitalfromthegovernmenttoinvest Therefore itistheindividual notthegovernment whoshouldpayfortheiruniversityeducation 高考链接 2010北京卷 TheauthormentionsbusinessesinParagraph5inorderto A argueagainstfreeuniversityeducationB callonthemtofinancestudents studiesC encouragegraduatestogointobusinessD showtheircontributiontohighereducation 8 1 Questionforms Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear Thepassageismostlikelyapartof 四 如何推断文章出处 Brainstorming Don twanderaimlesslythroughlife Getconfusedonyourgoals starthelpingothersinneed andlivelifetothefullest Lifeistooshorttobeanythingbuthappy Visitmyblogandfindwhatyou vebeenmissing Sighupformynewsletterandgetsevenfreeebooks too Readhundredsofarticleswhileyou rethereinthearticlesection whichisupdateddaily Practice Thistextmustbetakenfrom AaradioprogramB awebsiteC anewspaperD aTVprogram 9 13 全国卷 Doyoualwaysunderstandthedirectionsonabottleofmedicine Doyouknowwhatismeantby Takeonlyasdirected Readthefollowingdirectionsandseeifyouunderstandthem Toreducepain taketwotablets 药片 withwater followedbyonetableteveryeighthours asrequired Fornight timeandearlymorningrelief 缓解疼痛 taketwotabletsatbedtime Donottakemorethansixtabletsintwenty fourhours Forchildrensixtotwelveyearsold givehalftheamount Forchildrenundersixyearsold askyourdoctor sadvice Reducetheamountifyousufferfromrestlessnessorsleeplessnessaftertakingthemedicine Thistextismostprobablytakenfroma A textbookB newsreelC doctor snotebookD bottleofmedicine 2 解题技巧推测下文的内容 根据作者的思路进行推理 特别是最后两三句话 推测上文的内容 关注第一段 特别是文段开始的几句话 五 推断上下文内容 Questionforms Thenextparagraphwouldmostprobablydealwith Theparagraphprecedingthisonewouldmostlikelydiscuss 15 Whenearlyhumanshuntedandgatheredfood theywerenotincontroloftheirenvironment Theycouldonlyinteractwiththeirsurroundingsaslowerorganismsdid Whenhumanslearnedtomakefire however theybecamecapableofalteringtheirenvironment Toprovidethemselveswithfueltheystrippedbarkfromtrees causingthetreestodie Clearingswereburnedinforeststoincreasethegrowthofgrassandtoprovideagreatergrazingareaforthewildanimalsthathumansfedupon Thisdevelopmentledtofarmingandthedomesticationofanimals Firealsoprovidedthemeansforcookingplantswhichhadpreviouslybeeninedible Onlywhentheprocessofmeetingthebasicneedforfoodreachedacertainlevelofsophisticationwasitpossibleforhumanstofollowotherpursuitssuchasthefoundingofcities Theparagraphfollowingthispassagewouldmostlikelybeabout A fireB huntingC farmingD urbanization 16 William Shakespearesaid Thewebofourlifeisofamingledyarn 纱线 goodandilltogether Theabovebriefreviewoftheapplicationofonlyonepartofhumanactivities scienceseemstoprovewhatShakespearesaid Butdoesithavetobeso Musttheillalwaysgotogetherwiththegood Arewebiologicallyprogrammedforwar Whatdoyouthinktheauthorismostlikelytosuggestifhecontinuestowrite A Furtherapplicationofsciencetowar B MorereadingofWilliamShakespear C Properuseofscienceinthenewcentury D Effectivewaystoseparatethegoodfromtheill 推断上下文内容 Consolidation