2020年高考英语模拟卷含答案解析（8）

2020年高考英语模拟卷（8）第一部分阅读理解(共两节， 满分40分)第一节(共15小题； 每小题2分， 满分30分)阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项。AThe US has countless secret swimming holes throughout most states, many of which youve likely never heard of unless youre from the area.Havasu FallsThis attractive waterfall in the Grand Canyon is undoubtedly a destination spot requiring a 10mile walk to the falls. You can take a guided tour to the falls, or make it on your own. The Havasu Falls is on the Havasupai Indian Reservation, which means youll need to get a permit to visitthis has become increasingly difficult as more people discover this hidden place.Hamilton PoolHamilton Pool was created when an underground rivers roof fell down suddenly, exposing what is now the swimming hole and creating a 50foot waterfall that flows over the above limestone(石灰岩). Youll have to reserve beforehand to gain entry to the Hamilton Pool Preserve.Chutes and LaddersTo get to this secret swimming hole, youll have to grasp a rope and slide down the face of a cliff for 40 feet, and then climb down about 8 feet of lava rock to the pool. Once there, however, youll be glad you have made the journey. The swimming hole is on the edge of the ocean, a natural pool, you could say, with a depth that invites you to jump in without crowds of people around to watch.Homestead CraterThe Homestead Crater is hidden under a rock dome(穹顶) with an opening at the top that allows for sunlight and air. It was once only accessible by that top opening, but there is now easy access through a side path for visitors. Go for a swim in the beautiful mineral spring water.1Which of the following do you need an official written statement to visit?AHavasu Falls.BHamilton Pool.CChutes and Ladders. DHomestead Crater.2What do you need to get to Chutes and Ladders?AA tour guide.BAn invitation.CMore outdoor skills.DA reservation in advance.3Which of the following can best describe the four places?AThey are hidden in remote areas.BThey are shaped by limestone.CThey are created by local people.DThey are accessible through a hole.BKeeping fit often means sharing a busy pathway with cyclists, runners and walkers, but imagine facing the task of doing it all without being able to see or hear. It is a challenge many disabled athletes face, unless someone agrees to be their eyes and ears.Newly formed group Achilles Brisbane pairs visionand hearingimpaired(视觉和听觉受损的) athletes with people who would like to guide them.Jane Britt, president of Achilles Brisbane, who is visionand hearingimpaired, said，“When we go out, its much less frightening to have someone beside us that has full hearing to listen for us and tell us whats there.”Ms.Cullen and Ms.Britt meet up most Saturday mornings to take part in the free fivekilometer park run. Their partnership is built on trust, but Ms.Britt said that it took time to develop.Ms.Britt said it took an unexpected storm for her to trust Ms.Cullen completely.“There was violent rain, my glasses were broken and we were walking together. I suddenly had to tell her I couldnt see anything, and I was going to have to completely trust her. From that time I knew it was going to work because she was so good about dealing with the special situation we both found ourselves in，”she said.Isabella Allen and her seeing eye dog Tatum are two new additions to the Achilles Brisbane. Ms.Allen kept active by rowing, running and cycling but found it difficult to keep going as her vision became worse.After nearly giving up completely, she worked up the courage to ask Achilles Brisbane to find someone to share a boat with her.Ms.Allen said the fear of not finding anyone to row with almost stopped her from reaching out to Achilles Brisbane.“But, they found people and matched me to them,”she said.“Its the best thing Ive ever done.”4What does Paragraph 1 try to show?AThe danger of walking on a busy road.BThe difficulty the disabled athletes face.CThe exercise people do to keep fit.DThe necessity of building roads for the blind.5How does Jane Britt feel about going out alone?ARelaxed.BExcited.CWorried. DBored.6What happened in the heavy rain according to Ms.Britt?AShe developed a strong sense of teamwork.BShe led Ms. Cullen forward on the road.CShe began to rely on Ms.Cullen as her guide.DShe fell down on the ground.7What was the best thing Ms. Allen has done?AAsking Achilles Brisbane for help.BWorking in Achilles Brisbane.CExercising nonstop.DMeeting Tatum.CPlants cannot run or hide, so they need other strategies to avoid being eaten. Some curl up their leaves; others produce chemicals to make themselves taste bad if they sense animals drooling on them, chewing them up or laying eggs on themall signals of an attack.New research now shows some flora can feel a planteating animal well before it launches an attack, letting a plant prepare a preemptive(先发制人的) defense that even works against other pest species.When ecologist John Orrock of the University of WisconsinMadison sprayed snail slimea liquid the animals release as they slide alongonto soil, nearby tomato plants appeared to notice. They increased their levels of an enzyme(酶), which is known to prevent planteating animals.“None of the plants were ever actually attacked,” Orrock says. “We just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming, and that was enough to cause big changes in their chemistry.”Initially Orrock found this defense worked against snails; in the latest study, his team measured the slimy warnings impact on another potential threat. The investigators found that hungry caterpillars(毛虫), which usually eat tomato leaves greedily, had no appetite for them after the plants were exposed to snail slime and activated their chemical resistance.“This nonspecific defense may be a strategy that benefits the plants by further improving their overall possibilities of survival,” says Orrock, who reported the results with his colleagues in March in Oecologia.The finding that a snails approach can cause a plant response that affects a different animal made Richard Karban curious, a plant communications expert, who was not involved in the study.“It is significant that the plants are responding before being damaged and that these cues are having such farranging effects,” Karban says. The research was comprehensive, he adds, but he wonders how the tomato plants felt chemicals in snail slime that never actually touched them.“Thats the milliondollar question,” Orrock says. He hopes future research will make out the mechanisms that enable plants to sense these relatively distant cues.8John Orrock sprayed a liquid onto soil near tomato plants to _Amake them grow betterBgive them a warningCkeep planteating animals awayDinform planteating animals of danger9Why is the example of “caterpillars” mentioned in Paragraph 3?ATo introduce another animal.BTo confirm the result of the study.CTo appeal to people to protect animals.DTo analyze different resistance chemicals.10What does Richard Karban really want to know?AHow tomato plants become aware of danger.BWhat the chemicals in the snail slime are.CWhether the research is of practical value.DWhat the finding of the research is.11What can be a suitable title for the text?AWatchful PlantsBGreedy AnimalsCA Snails Approach DA Defense AttackDRunning may feel like a big task for most of us. But do you know our species has evolved to run better than any other animals on this planet? Cheetahs(猎豹) are the fastest land animals in the world. But do you know that humans can leave them in the dust? At least, in the long run, thats right. When it comes to endurance, we can outrun cheetahs, wolves and even horses. So what makes humans such endurance running superstars? The secret weapon is our sweat. We have 24 million sweat glands(腺) all over our body, which means we can run and cool ourselves at the same time. Having no fur is also a huge plus. In contrast, dogs rely on panting(喘息) to cool down, and other animals, like horses and camels, also sweat, but less effectively. As a result, they overheat faster and must slow down sooner.So, why did humans get to be such great endurance runners, anyway? Some experts believe this became important around 23 million years ago, when we started hunting. Because we couldnt chase down a gazelle(瞪羚) like a cheetah, early humans learned hunting.Studies show running can lower body weight and body fat. And the longer you train, the greater the benefits are. Just one year of training has been shown to reduce body weight by about 7 lbs, lower body fat by 2.7% and decrease resting heart rate by 2.7%.It may seem really hard, or even impossible to run a mile or a marathon. But in fact, you were born to go on that run. We all were.12In the first paragraph, cheetahs are mentioned to _Ashow cheetahs are the fastest land animals in the worldBintroduce humans can run fastest on the planet in the long runCcontrast with wolves and even horses in one aspect of enduranceDinform running may be a big challenge for most of us humans13Why can we humans be endurance running superstars?AWe can pant to cool down our heat like dogs.BWe can sweat effectively like horses and camels.CWe have massive sweat glands and meanwhile no fur.DWe can run and overheat fastest to cool down ourselves.14According to studies in the text, if you want to lose weight, what should you do?AEat a variety of vegetables and less fat.BWork out at the gym every day.CExercise outside as much as you like.DConduct systematic training in running.15What does the author intend to emphasize in the last paragraph?AHumans have great running ability by birth.BHumans can chase down animals like cheetahs.CMarathoners dont need hard training.DRunning can lower body weight and fat.第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ways to Get Your Kids into NatureBeing in nature for kids has tremendous health benefits. There are many ways you can incorporate nature into your childrens lives, even if you live in the city.Inspire curiosity by being curious yourself. A parents excitement can be spread to the children, and when you show respect for nature, your children follow suit. 16._. “I dont know! Lets find out together.” is a wonderful way to get the ball rolling. Be open to a mutual adventure and allow your curious inner child to come out while you explore nature with your children.17_. If you have to carpool(拼车) in the morning, turn off the devices instead and encourage your children to look out of the window. The early morning fall skies are beautiful with color and migrating birds. After all, even views of nature from the car window are calming and beneficial.Stop thinking about nature time as leisure time. Time in nature is an essential investment in your childrens health and wellbeing. If you view nature time as essential to good health, you will be more likely to engage in it. 18._， nurturing creativity and wonder is part of your responsibility as parents.Look at the stars. Visit your local observatory, and then drive out of the city some morning or evening for your own stargazing(天体观察) with a blanket and telescope. Observing the stars offers a deeper and wider understanding of the universe. 19._Plant a small garden. 20._. Bean and pea plants grow quickly and can be eaten when mature, so teach your children about food and the wonder of growth.ALimit electronic devices while drivingBEncourage questions you dont know the answers toCIf you want to raise your healthy, wellbalanced childrenDIf you have the space, help your children plant a few vegetablesEIt will teach teamwork, pride in the community, and family togethernessFIf your child is interested, encourage him to get involved in the communityGAllow yourself to think about it, and talk to your children about that wonder第二部分语言知识运用(共两节， 满分45分) 第一节(共20小题； 每小题1.5分， 满分30分)阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Jayce began noticing when he was in kindergarten that he looked different from his classmates. They had two arms. He had one.It started when one boy _21_him, said his mother, Lewis. Hed return to his home with questions：“Why am I _22_ ? Why me？” His mother recalled he was actually sad and that it was a heavy _23_ to his heart.Lewis _24_ she didnt know what to do at that point. A few weeks later, Lewis turned on the TV and saw a news story about an eighth grader, Trashaun, becoming an Internet hit after _25_ videos of his slam dunks(灌篮), and, like Jayce, he _26_ most of his left arm. Lewis called Jayce in. To her surprise, Jayce was immediately _27_. At the time, it seemed that watching Trashaun was _28_ an inspiring moment for Jayce, he saw a role model with a similar _29_. If it had stayed just that, Lewis would have been happy enough. But little did she know that a family friend had already _30_ to the newspaper to help set up a _31_ with Trashaun to build Jayces confidence.The boys met and instantly _32_ with each other as both of them were in the same condition. They rode bikes, took photos, and played basketball on the court. Instead of spending the whole day feeling _33_ for themselves, they had a lot of fun. However, Trashaun did get _34_ with Jayce sometimes. They talked about his left arm. He told Jayce he was perfect the way he was made. He also told him not to let anyone _35_ him and not to let those words shake his _36_Since that meeting, Lewis has seen a noticeable _37_ in her son. As for Trashaun, his relationship with Jayce made him _38_ to help more kids. “Honestly, it _39_ a lot to know that I changed Jayces life，” Trashaun says. Still, he never dreamed that his _40_ would have such an impact. “I just thought my friends would see them, and be like, Oh, he dunked it！”He certainly did.21. A. supportedBteasedC. cheated Dpleased22A. lonely BsillyC. different Dordinary23A. duty BbreathC. debt Dblow24A. argued BpromisedC. suspected Dadmitted25A. downloading BpostingC. buying Dwatching26A. lost BhurtC. used Drecovered27A. satisfied BconfusedC. bored Dattracted28A. hardly BsimplyC. still Dnever29A. response BfamilyC. problem Deducation30A. reached out Blooked outC. got out Dturned out31A. game BfightingC. trap Dmeeting32A. bonded BcompetedC. parted Draced33A. happy BgratefulC. sorry Dfearful34A. angry BseriousC. tough Dfamiliar35A. approach BcomfortC. discourage Dleave36A. confidence BpatienceC. sadness Dhonesty37A. advantage BscarC. drawback Dchange38A. expect BagreeC. hesitate Drefuse39A. cares BmeansC. saves Dtakes40A. attitudes BwordsC. videos DDisabilities第2节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。One habit of those people who are smarter than everyone else is to stay up late. In movies, the creative genius always works late into the midnight hours by candlelightand perhaps this style 41._(root) in fact.A study 42._ experts from the London School of Economics and Political Science found that people who tend to go to bed later have 43._(high) IQs. 44._ study authors believe the root of why this is lies in our evolution, because nighttime was a more dangerous time, and our ancestors who were to stay up instead of going to sleep 45._(need) to be more intelligent. Also, 46._(stay) awake into the night was a new idea 47._ was attractive to curious minds.Today, our varying living rhythms may still reflect this. “Perhaps some smart people stay up late because their internal clocks are 48._(simple) different，” Dr. Wai says. “Or, perhaps they stay up late because they tend to be alone, and like being up late at night without distractions to think and solve their 49._(problem)” But if you are a night owl, still remember 50._(get) your seven to nine hours of sleep.第三部分写作(共两节， 满分35分) 第一节短文改错(共10小题； 每小题1分， 满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文， 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误， 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、 删除或修改。增加： 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在其下面写出该加的词。删除： 把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改： 在错的词下画一横线， 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意： 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2 只允许修改10处， 多者(从第11处起)不计分。The other day, we moved to the new school yard, where lies in the far north of the city. We were all on high spirits. It is much big than the old one. The classrooms are bright and clean. We have a lot of modern equipment, making convenient for students to learn every subject. Now we can have a lot of afterschool activity on the new playground. Our teachers often play the basketball and soccer together with us. As spring approached, the flowers newly planting in the yard have just come out. With such many green trees and fragrant flowers around, we feel it less hardly to study and our school life more enjoyable.第二节书面表达(满分25分) 假定你是李华，某英文报社向即将毕业的高中生征稿，主题是“向成年出发”，请你写一篇英文征文。要点：1.你的心情；2你的人生规划(学业、事业等方面)。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_参考答案第一部分阅读理解(共两节， 满分40分)第一节(共15小题； 每小题2分， 满分30分)阅读理解A【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国的四处游泳胜地，包括其地理特征和进入方法等。1A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句中的“The Havasu Falls is on the Havasupai Indian Reservation, which means youll need to get a permit to visit”可知，由于哈瓦苏瀑布位于哈瓦苏派印第安保留地，这意味着你需要获得许可证才能参观，故选A。2C解析：推理判断题。由题干中的“get to Chutes and Ladders”定位至第四段第一句“To get to this secret swimming hole, youll have to grasp a rope and slide down the face of a cliff for 40 feet, and then climb down about 8 feet of lava rock to the pool.”可知，要到达这个秘密的游泳洞，你必须抓住一条绳子从悬崖的正面往下滑40英尺，然后从熔岩上往下爬大约8英尺到达游泳池；据此可推出，去Chutes and Ladders需要一定的户外技能，故选C。3A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“The US has countless secret swimming holes throughout most states, many of which youve likely never heard of unless youre from the area.”可知，在美国的大多数州都有数不清的秘密游泳洞，其中许多你可能从未听说过，除非你来自那个地区；并结合全文对四个游泳胜地的介绍可知，这四个游泳胜地的共同特点是都隐藏在偏远的地区，故选A。阅读理解B【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。残疾人参加体育锻炼与正常人是不同的，他们常常面临各种挑战，为此专门成立了一个锻炼帮扶组织。文章讲述了该组织帮扶的两个具体事例。4B解析：段落大意题。根据第一段中的“but imagine facing the task of doing it all without being able to see or hear. It is a challenge many disabled athletes face, unless someone agrees to be their eyes and ears.”可知，对于视觉和听觉受损的运动员来说，参加锻炼是一项挑战，除非有人做他们的眼睛和耳朵；由此可推知，第一段旨在说明残疾人运动员所面临的困难，故选B。5C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When we go out, its much less frightening to have someone beside us that has full hearing to listen for us and tell us whats there.”可知，当我们出去的时候，如果我们身旁有听力正常的人为我们去听并告诉我们那里有什么，那就没有那么可怕了。由此可推知，Jane Britt对独自外出感到担忧。故选C。6C解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的内容，尤其是“I suddenly had to tell her I couldnt see anything, and I was going to have to completely trust her.”可知，Britt女士的眼镜在大雨中碎了，她看不到东西，完全依靠Cullen女士帮她指路。故选C。7A解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是“But，they found people and matched me to them，she said.Its the best thing Ive ever done.”可知，Allen女士认为她做的最好的事情是向Achilles Brisbane求助，故选A。阅读理解C【解题导语】本文主要介绍了一项新的科学研究。研究表明植物会对外在的威胁相当警觉，会自动做出反应进行自我保护。8B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“We just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming, and that was enough to cause big changes in the