2020年高考英语模拟卷（新课标卷）含答案10

2020年高考英语模拟卷（新课标卷）10（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AChoose Your One-Day-Tours!Tour A - Bath &Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge -37 until 26 March and 39 thereafter. Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum, Stonehenge is one of the worlds most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.Tour B - Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Marys Church Tower and Anne Hathaways -32 until 12 March and 36 thereafter. Oxford: Includes a guided tour of Englands oldest university city and colleges. Look over the “city of dreaming spires(尖顶）” from St Marys Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.Tour C - Windsor Castle &Hampton Court: including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace -34 until 11 March and 37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry VILLs favorite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrance fees not included).With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫) where it is easy to get lost!Tour D Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great -33 until 18 March and 37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.1. Which tour will you choose if you want to see Englands oldest university city?A. Tour AB. Tour BC. Tour CD. Tour D2. Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?A. Windsor Castle & Hampton CourtB. Oxford & StratfordC. Bath & StonehengeD. Cambridge3. Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?A. It used to be the home of royal familiesB. It used to be a well-known mazeC. It is the oldest palace in BritainD. It is a world-famous castle【答案】1. B2. D3. A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四个一日游项目，包括参观景点、费用等细节信息。1. 细节理解题。根据Tour B中的Oxford: Includes a guided tour of Englands oldest university city and colleges可知，Tour B中包括英国历史最悠久的大学城和学院，故选B。2. 细节理解题。比较四个一日游中的17 March这一天的价格可知，Tour D中的Cambridge中的33最便宜，故选D。该题容易误选B项，但根据Tour B - Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Marys Church Tower and Anne Hathaways -32 until 12 March and 36 thereafter.可知，12号之前是32，之后是36。所以不选B项。3. 推理判断题。根据Tour C中的With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen可知，汉普顿宫曾是4个国王和一个女王的家，有着500多年的历史，也就是皇室的家，故选A。BLiterature is an important part of a total language arts program at all grade levels because of the many benefits it offers.Literature provides pleasure to listeners and readers.It is a relaxing escape from daily problems,and it fills leisure moments.Making time for recreational reading and using high-quality literature help to develop enthusiastic readers and improve achievement.Developing a love of literature as a recreational activity is possibly the most important outcome of a literature program.Literature builds experience.Through reading,children expand their horizons through vicarious(引起共鸣的)experiences.They visit new places,gain new experiences,and meet new people.They learn about the past as well as the present and learn about a variety of cultures,including their own.They discover the common goals and similar emotions found in people of all times and places. Nory Ryans Song by Patricia Reilly,Giff,a hard survival story,is set in Ireland during the potato hunger of I845,and Patricia Polaccos The Butterfly ,deals with Nazis,resistance,and Jewish persecution(迫害)during World War II.Literature provides a language model for those who hear and read it.Good literature exposes children to correct sentence patterns,standard story structures,and varied word usage.Children for whom English is a second language can improve their English with the interesting context,and all children benefit from new vocabulary that is woven into the stories.Literature develops thinking skills.Discussions of literature bring out reasoning related to sequence;cause and effect; character motivation; predictions;visualization of actions, characters, and settings; critical analysis of the story;and creative responses.Literature helps children deal with their problems.By finding out about the problems of others through books, children receive insights into dealing with their own problems,a process called bibliotherapy. Children might identify with Gilly,living angrily in a foster home in Katherine Patersons The Great Gilly Hopkins,or with Mary Alice,a city girl forced to live with her grandma in a“hick townin Richard Pecks A Year Down Yonder.4. What is likely to be the most significant consequence of a literature program?A. The habit of reading for pleasure.B. The lessons learned from works.C. The achievements of language skills.D. The ways of thinking developed by reading.5. Why are Nory Ryans Song and The Butterfly mentioned in paragraph 3?A. To introduce two great masterpieces.B. To expand childrens horizons in literature.C. To prove literature includes a variety of cultures.D. To give examples of books that provide such experiences.6. From the last paragraph we know that literature can be_A. educationalB. practicalC. changeableD. reliable7. What could be the best title of the text?A. Power of BooksB. Ways of ReadingC. Source of Human ProgressD. Benefits of Literature【答案】4. A5. D6. B7. D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，文学是语言艺术项目中非常重要的一部分，它有很多好处。例如：文学可以带来快乐，可以让我们有更多经历还可以帮助人们解决问题等。4. 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Developing a love of literature as a recreational activity is possibly the most important outcome of a literature program.”可知把文学当成娱乐活动来喜爱也许是文学项目的最重要的结果。也就是说要把文学阅读当成快乐的事情，故A项正确。5. 推理判断题。本的中心思想是“Literature builds experience.”文学可以给我们提供经历，通过阅读我们可以拓宽视野。列举了Nory Ryans Song and The Butterfly的事例就是让读者了解爱尔兰土豆危机以及二战中犹太人被迫害的历史事实，让读者了解这样的历史。所以这两本书是举例说明书本可以给我们提供这样的经历。故D项正确。6. 推理判断题。根据本段中前两句“Literature helps children deal with their problems. By finding out about the problems of others through books, children receive insights into dealing with their own problems, a process called bibliotherapy.”可知文学可以帮助儿童处理他们问题，说明文学是很实用的。故B项正确。7. 主旨大意题。根据文章主题段“Literature is an important part of a total language arts program at all grade levels because of the many benefits it offers.”可知文学是语言艺术项目中非常重要的一部分，因为它有很多好处。2-6段分别介绍了文学给我们带来的5种好处。例如：文学可以带来快乐，可以让我们有更多经历还可以帮助人们解决问题等。所以本文主要是讲述的是文学的好处，故D项正确。CAndrew Grey doesnt fit most peoples idea of an astronomer. He works in a car repair shop, not in a lab or university, yet the Australian repairman discovered a star system hiding in data from NASAs Kepler space telescope.Mr. Grey is one of millions of citizen scientists helping researchers to expand collective understanding. For centuries, only a few ordinary people had been contributing to science, but advances in technology have brought a higher level of democratization (民主化) to science.“This is a collaborative (合作的) effort that anyone could get involved in,” says Chris Lincoln, an Oxford University astrophysicist (天体物理学家) and cofounder of Zooniverse, a platform that hosts dozens of citizen science projects. Citizen scientists can contribute to breakthroughs in almost any field, from ecology to astrophysics.“As long as pattern recognition is involved, there are no limits to what can become a citizen science project,” Dr. Linton says. “Anyone can identify patterns in images, graphs, or even seemingly boring data after a short tutorial. Machine learning allows computers to do some pattern recognition. But humans, particularly amateur scientists, dont stay focused on what theyre supposed to. And thats good, because people who do that notice the unusual things in s data set.“And citizen science doesnt have to be directed by a scientist,” says Sheila Jasanoff, director of the Program on Science, Technology and Society at Harvard University. “Citizens producing knowledge in places where official organs have failed then can also be citizen scientists,” she says. Thats what happened in Flint, Michigan, when a local mother started drinking water tests that caused a broader investigation of lead levels.Citizen-powered research is as old as scientific inquiry. For centuries before science became professionalized, regular people looked for patterns in the world around them. Despite a lot of advanced equipment and computer models, scientists still welcome help from everyday people.As a professional scientist himself, Lintott says, “People think that were intelligent, but science is easy and we need your help.”8. What made citizen scientists appear?A. The high level of science projectsB. The development of technology.C. The support of the government.D. The foundation of Zooniverse.9. What is a human advantage in pattern recognition compared with machines?A. Humans can identify patterns mare swiftly.B. Humans focus their attention on data.C. Humans can observe uncommon things.D. Humans have stronger emotions.10. What is Lincons attitude towards citizen science?A. Favorable.B. Cautious.C. Indifferent.D. Doubtful.11. What would be the best title of the text?A. Citizen scientists can be intelligent.B. Science is important to everyone.C. Anyone can be a scientist.D. Science is everywhere.【答案】8. B9. C10. A11. C【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了这样的观点：科学研究并不专属于科学家，平民科学家对科学研究也有很大的帮助。8. 细节理解题。由第二段中的 For centuries, only a few ordinary people had been contributing to science, but advances in technology have brought a higher level of democratization to science.（几个世纪以来，只有少数普通人对科学作出了贡献，但技术的进步使科学的民主化程度提高了。）可知，由于科技的发展使得科学趋于民主化，更多的平民才能接触到科学。故选B项。9. 推理判断题。由第四段中的 Machine learning allows computers to do some pattern recognition. But humans, particularly amateur scientists, dont stay focused on what theyre supposed to. And thats good, because people who do that notice the unusual things in a data set.（机器学习允许计算机进行一些模式识别。但是人类，尤其是业余科学家，不会专注于他们应该做的事情。这很好，因为这样做的人会注意到数据集中不寻常的东西。）可推知，和机器相比，人更能注意到数据里一些特殊的东西。故选C项。10. 推理判断题。由最后一段中的 As a professional scientist himself, Lintott says, “People think that were intelligent, but science is easy and we need your help”（作为一名专业的科学家，Lintott说:“人们认为我们很聪明，但是科学很简单，我们需要你的帮助。”）可推知，Lintott认为科学家需要这些平民科学家的帮助，因此Lintott对平民科学是非常赞同的。故选A项。11. 主旨大意题。文章第一段通过对Andrew Grey这位平民科学家的介绍来引出全文；第二段中的 Mr. Grey is one of millions of citizen scientists helping researchers to expand collective understanding.说明这样的平民科学家目前有很多；第五段中的 And citizen science doesnt have to be directed by a scientist 说明想成为平民科学家并不难。再通过下文中regular people, help from everyday people, science is easy这些字眼可判断，文章主要讲述了普通人也可以研究科学，成为科学家，C项Anyone can be a scientist.很好地概括了全文的主旨大意。故选C项。D Henry Stanley is perhaps best known for his expedition into Africa to find Dr. David Livingstone, but thats not the only rescue mission he undertook. In December 1886, Stanley set off into Africa on what would be his last journey: an attempt to find and bring home a German zoologist named Eduard Schnitzer.Schnitzer had taken the name “Emin Pasha,” in an attempt to be better received by those he was living among. Pasha was cataloging a host of recently-discovered plant and animal lifeforms when fighting broke out in the Sudan. Pasha withdrew to Equatoria, at about the same time the Emin Pasha Relief Committee was formed. In addition to the chief goal of bringing Pasha home, Stanley was also under orders from the King of Belgium to open up some new trade routes in the area.The roundabout route the Committee ended up taking meant that by the time they finally found Pasha many members of the expedition were dead. Those that did survive were worn, ill, and starving by the time they found Pasha who, in comparison, was well-dressed, clean, andby some accountssmoking a three-year-old cigar when they finally found him. He was in need of some support and supplies, but he had neither intent nor desire to leave the area. Arguments arose, causing a firm hatred between Stanley and Pasha.Stanley finally convinced Pasha to leave with the remains of the expedition, setting off on a demanding trip back through Africa. They finally met up with some German explorers, and made it back to the port town of Bagamoyo in 1889.During the party they threw to celebrate their return to civilization, Pasha fell off a balcony and broke his skull. Stanley returned to Europe to receive commendations and congratulations, while Pasha slowly recovered from his unwanted rescue.12. What may be the title of this passage?A. Happiness was balanced by sadnessB. Stanleys best known expeditionC. A “successful” rescue missionD. A legend of Emin Pasha13. What resulted in the deaths of the members of the expedition?A. Hatred among the members led to bloody conflicts.B. They were involved in a fighting with the local army.C. The Committee was dismissed halfway through the mission.D. The route they chose cost them too much time and supplies.14. What does “commendations” mean in the last paragraph?A. Criticism.B. Resignation.C. Preparation.D. Credit.15. What does the author want to convey by mentioning “smoking a three-year-old cigar”？A. Pasha was in good condition.B. Pasha ran out of supplies.C. Pasha felt delighted at their arrival.D. Pasha was addicted to tobacco.【答案】12. C13. D14. D15. A【语篇解读】本文是记叙文， 讲述Henry Stanley的一次援救行动。他带领探险队历尽千辛万苦远征非洲，将Pasha救了回来，尽管Pasha不愿意离开。12. 主旨大意题。文章讲述Stanley带领探险队历尽千辛万苦远征非洲，将德国动物学家Pasha救了回来，完成援救任务。A选项意为：幸福和悲伤互相抵消了；B选项意为：Stanley最著名的远征；C选项意为：一次成功的援救任务；D选项意为：Emin Pasha传奇。故选C项。13. 推理判断题。根据第三段The roundabout routemeant that many members of the expedition were dead（委员会走的迂回曲折的路线意味着，当他们最终发现Pasha时，许多探险队员已经死亡）以及Those that did survive were worn, ill, and starving（那些活下来的人已经疲惫不堪、生病，饿倒）可知，探险途中的艰辛。 故选D项。14. 词义猜测题。从最后一段celebrate their return（庆祝回归）、congratulations（祝贺）可知，Stanley回到欧洲接受嘉奖和祝贺。criticism批评；resignation任命；preparation准备； credit赞许，赞扬。故选D项。15. 推理判断题。根据第三段：那些活下来的探险队员遭受疲惫、疾病、饥饿。相比之下，Pasha穿着得体、干净，还吸着一支三年前的雪茄。由此可以看出Pasha的状态很好。故选A项。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Rich and FamousTwenty years ago the most common ambition of American children was to be a teacher, followed by working in banking and finance, and then medicine. But todays situation is quite different. 16. Instead they most commonly say they want to be a sports star, a pop star, or an actorin other words, they hope to become a celebrity .According to experts, young people desire these jobs largely because of the wealth and the fame. 17. Lets take athletes and singers as an example. Their careers are short-lived. Many athletes best time only lasts a few years and singers can have a very limited career. The field that was once the focus of their lives becomes something they have little or no involvement in. As a result, theyll have a feeling of worthlessness and a lack of control. 18. The truth is quite simple: they have been so far removed from it for so long.In spite of these disadvantages, there is greater ambition than ever among young people to achieve that status. They are not satisfied just making a livingthey want to be rich and famous. Globally, more and more TV shows provide talent competitions where winners can achieve their goals in just a few weeks or months.19. They unrealistically believe that this lifestyle is easily obtained and leads to great satisfaction.While many people argue that there is nothing wrong with having such ambitions, others feel that this trend will finally lead to dissatisfaction as more and more people are unable to reach their goals. 20. That means they ignore the simple fact that great effort is needed before success. As a result, many people wont realize their childhood dreams, which could have a negative effect on their happiness.A. In many ways this has been brought about by the celebrity culture.B. People no longer have a sense of satisfaction once their goals have been achieved.C. Besides, it can be difficult for them to adapt back to a normal everyday life.D. The younger generation dont favor these professions any more.E. Unfortunately, they do not always have a positive effect on peoples life.F. The reason is that they dont realize it takes talent and hard work to be rich and famous.G. This quick way of gaining wealth and fame creates a celebrity culture among people.【答案】16. D17. E18. C19. G20. F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了现在美国儿童心目中向往的职业的变化过程，变化原因和其现实性。16. 横线前一句讲述了20年前美国儿童心目中向往的职业，下句讲述他们现在的梦想。中间表示转折，D项“The younger generation dont favor these professions any more.”意为年轻一代不再喜欢这些职业了，表达了此意，故选D项。17. 本段第一句“According to experts, young people desire these jobs largely because of the wealth and the fame.” 告诉我们根据专家的说法，年轻人渴望这些工作主要是因为财富和名望。E项：不幸的是，他们并不总是对人们的生活产生积极的影响。是对上句的进一步说明，下文是运动员和歌手的例子，故选E项。18. 本段中分析了现在年轻人向往的工作及原因，第一点原因是Their careers are short-lived. C项：此外他们很难适应正常的日常生活，是另外一种原因，与上面原因并列。故选C项。19. 本段中分析了年轻人想拥有财富和名望想法的原因及结果，G项：这种快速获取财富和名声的方式在人们中间创造了一种名人文化，符合本段内容，故选G项。20. 本段中分析了这种愿望的不现实性，及可能会对他们的幸福产生负面影响。F项：原因是他们没有意识到，要想变得富有和出名，需要天赋和勤奋，是成功的真正原因，符合本段内容，故选F项。第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I learned about life from an ant farm. When I was seven years old, my family 21 an ant farm at home. First, we put clean sand in a thin glass box, and then we brought some ants from the backyard and placed them into the 22 home.Shortly after the new 23 were dropped into the glass structure, they got to work making tunnels. I was amazed that each one knew 24 what to do. After hours of staring, I realized that the ants had assigned jobs. With my mom s help, I kept a diary of what happened each day and 25 the ants. My favorite was the biggest , Cinderella. I drew a picture of her in my diary, which I still have .One day a tragedy 26 the ant farm.While I was observing the ants , I had put my face so close to the structure that I accidentally 27 it over. Unfortunately, my carelessness caused all the tunnels to 28 . Although the ants 29 their earthquake, one by one they began to die. I was 30 as I watched them give up their tunnel-building to carry the bodies to a corner of the farm. My mother reported that the ants were actually dying of frustration- the feeling annoyed and disappointed as they couldnt control the situation . They simply could not 31 the reality that their tunnels had been destroyed. Cinderella was the last to die -she did so while carrying a dead ant on her back .Although much time has passed, I still think of that ant farm. Mom had hoped it would teach me about the natural world, 32 it taught me much more. 33 the years, I came to realize the ants were a study in the benefits of 34 . Working together, they were able to create a(an) 35 world for themselves. I also learned that they should be 36 for their hard work. Day in and day out, each labored at their task. The ant farm showed that teamwork and perseverance are indeed two key 37 for success. But there was an even larger lesson that I did not 38 until recently: Disaster is a natural part of life, and must be 39 . Unlike the ants, humans cannot give up when they face 40 . Unlike the ants, we have to realize that if a tunnel caves in , we just have to build another.21. A. createdB. boughtC. ranD. laid22. A. emptyB. newC. strangeD. distant23. A. guestsB. settlersC. friendsD. members24. A. probablyB. roughlyC. exactlyD. normally25. A. namedB. trainedC