非谓语动词作定语讲解及练习.doc

非谓语动词作定语一不定式作定语 1. 不定式作定语常用于不定代词或被the first/next/only/last等修饰的名词和其他一些名词、代词之后。其中，不定式的一般式通常表示 的动作，完成式则表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作 。 例如：She is always the first (one) to come and the last to leave. 2. 如果作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词有动宾关系，在不及物动词后通常要加上适当的介词。例如：Lets first find a room to live in / to put the things in. We have nothing to worry about. (=There is nothing for us to worry about.) 3. 不定式作定语修饰一个在逻辑上是其宾语名词时,若在句子中能找到该不定式的逻辑主语, 则该不定式多用主动表被动，否则，用被动式。（本结构是高考常考点）例如：I have a lot of things to do today. ( I . do . things) Have you got anything to say at the meeting? ( you. say . anything) Here is a letter to be taken to Mr. Li. 在there be句型中，有时用主动式或被动式意思不同。 比较：There is nothing to do at present.(=We have nothing to do at present.) There is nothing to be done at present.(= We can do nothing at present.) 二-ing分词作定语 1. 单个的-ing分词作定语一般 ,说明名词的性质、特征或用途等；-ing短语作定语一般 ；强调动作的单个-ing分词也常后置。 例如：a sleeping car ( = a car for sleeping ) a sleeping child ( = a child who is sleeping ) the boy standing there ( = the boy who is standing there ) The girl singing is my classmate. 2. -ing分词作定语一般要求其动作与谓语动词所表示的动作 或是在说话时该动作 ，否则，要用从句作定语。 例如：Do you know the boy talking ( = who is talking ) to the teacher? Did you notice the boy sitting (= who was sitting) at this desk yesterday?The man shaking (= who is now shaking) hands with Mr. Li visited our class yesterday. 比较：误：He is the man visiting our class yesterday. 正：He is the man who visited our class yesterday. 三-ed分词作定语 1. -ed分词作定语一般表示一个 动作，-in分词表示一个 动作, -ing分词的被动式则表示一个 的动作。 例如：a developed/developing country He is a student loved by all the teachers. The building being built will be the third Teaching Building of our school. 2. 像定语从句一样，分词作定语也有非限制性的，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。 例如：The students, wearing their school uniforms, marched into the playground. The substance, discovered almost by accident,has greatly changed the world. 非谓语动词做定语1. Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one _first is the library. A. repaired B. being repaired C. repairing D. to be repaired2. Im calling to enquire about the position _in yesterdays China Daily.A. advertised B. to be advertised C. advertising D. having advertised3. After she completes the project, shell have _.A. nothing to worry about B. nothing to worryC. nothing to be worried about D. nothing worrying about4. His first book _next month is based on a true story. A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published5. The rare fish, _ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea. A. saved B. savingC. to be saved D. having saved 6. A great number of students_said they were forced to practise the piano.A. to question B. to be questioned C. questioned D. questioning7. They built a house _. A. of the things to put in B. of the things to be put inC. for the things to put in D. for the things to be put in8. That is the only way we can imagine _the overuse of water in students bathrooms. A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce9. There is a great deal of evidence_that music activities engage different parts of the brain. A. indicate B. indicating C. to indicate D. to be indicating10. We are invited to a party _in our club next Friday. A. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding11. The trees _ in the storm have been moved off the road.A. being blown down B. blown down C. blowing down D. to blow down12. I have a lot of readings _ before the end of this term. A. completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed13. With the world changing fast, we have something new _with all by ourselves every day. A. deal B. dealt C. to deal D. dealing14. The next thing he saw was smoke _ from behind the house. A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen 15. The government plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children. A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced16. On receiving a phone call from his wife _ she had a fall, Mr Gordon immediately rushed home from office. A. says B. said C. saying D. to say 17. The players _ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game . A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected18. Simon made a big bamboo box _ the little sick bird till it could fly. A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep 19. Peter received a letter just now _ his grandma would come to see him soon. Asaid Bsays Csaying Dto say20. The island, _ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined21. The rare fish, _ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea. A. saved B. savingC. to be saved D. having saved22. Look over theretheres a very long, winding path _ up to the house. A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead23. Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared24. The ability_an idea is as important as the idea itself. A. expressing B. expressed C. to express D. to be expressed25. Tsinghua University, _ in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.A. found B. founding C. founded D. to be founded26. Were having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _at the meeting will influence the future of our company.A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made27. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _. A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. provide 28. Time, _ correctly, is money in the bank.A. to use B. used C. using D. use29. The lecture, _ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.A. starting B. being starting C. to start D. to be started30. John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _ him it.A. offered B. offering C. to offer D. to be offered31. “Its such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table _ for customers.A. to be reserved B. having reserved C. reserving D. reserved 32. Now that weve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions _ ? A. taking B. take C. taken D .to take33.The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighing34. So far nobody has claimed the money _in the library. A. discoveredB. to be discovered C. discoveringD. having discovered35. Mrs.White showed her students some old maps _ from the library.A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing答案1-5 DAABA 6-10 CDBBA 11-15 BBCBB 16-20 CCDCC21-25 AABCC 26-30 ABBAB 31-35 DCDAC