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高中英语 必修I 重点单词、短语和句型Unit 1 Friendship重点单词和短语 1. add up合计 add up to 共计, 总计达 addto. 往添加 2. upset sb. 某人不安 upset oneself about sth. 为某事而烦恼 be upset at/about 因而烦恼 3. ignore sb./sth. 忽视，不理会 be ignorant of/about 对无知，不了解 ignorant adj. 无知的，愚昧的ignorance n. 无知，愚昧 4. calm vt.&vi. （使）平静；（使）镇定calm down 镇静，平静 calm sb. down 使某人镇静adj. 平静的；镇定的 keep/stay calm 保持镇静 5. concern vt. 使担忧；涉及；关系到 n. 担心；关注 with concern 关切地show (no) concern for/about sb. 对某人(不)关心, concern oneself with/ in 参与，干涉 be concerned with 与有关系 be concerned about/ for sth. /that-clause 为担心，挂念 as far as be concerned 就某某而言 concerning prep. 关于，有关 6. walk the dog 遛狗 7. go through 经历, 经受；穿过，通过；审阅，检查；通过，成功 go through a hard time 经历了一段困难时期 go through the baggage 检查行李 go through the newspaper 浏览报纸go through lots of money 花了很多钱 come through 安然度过（疾病.危机等） cut through 抄近路，穿透 look through 仔细查看 8. set down. 记下，放下，让某人下车 set down the ideas on paper 把想法写在纸上 set me down at the bus-stop 在车站让我下车 set about (doing) sth. 着手（做）某事 set off 动身；出发；引爆；燃放 set out 出发；着手做 set up 竖起；创设，开办9. a series of 一系列的, 一连串的 a series of books 丛书a series of stamps 一套邮票 a series of pictures 连环画10. on purpose 故意地= by design= deliberately by chance/accident= accidentally lie to sb. on purpose 故意向某人撒谎 on purpose to do sth. 为了而特地 go there on purpose to see sb. 特意到那里去看某人 for the purpose of （目的能否实现还不知道） 为了的目的 with the purpose of （目的能实现）11. in order to/ so as to (do sth.) 为了, 以为目的 so as to “为了”, 只能用在句中； in order that / so that “为了”, 其后接从句。12. at dusk 在黄昏时刻 at dawn 在黎明时分13. face to face 面对面地(作状语) have a face-to-face interview with the hero 和这位英雄进行一次面对面的采访 shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地 hand in hand 手拉手地 heart to heart 贴心地 side by side 并排地，并肩地 back to back 背靠背地 arm in arm 臂挽臂地 word by word 逐字地14. cheat n. 骗子； vt. 欺骗，欺诈； vi. 作弊，舞弊 cheat sb. (out) of sth. 骗取某人的某物 cheat sb. into doing sth. 骗取某人做某事15. have got to = have to 不得不，必须16. crazy adj. 疯狂的；狂热的；着迷的 be crazy to do sth. （某人）疯狂地去做某事 be crazy about/on doing sth. 对做某事狂热 be crazy for sth. 渴望某物 be crazy for sb. 迷恋某人17. hide away 躲避，隐匿；隐蔽，藏18. get sth. done = have sth. done 让/请人做某事；使某事被做 get sth./ sb. doing 让某物/某人一直做某事 get sth./ sb. to do 让某物/某人做某事（未做而要去做） get sth./ sb. adj./adv. 让某物/某人处于某种状态19. It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who +其他成分 强调句型20. happen to do sth. 碰巧/恰好做某事21. settle sb. 使定居，安家 settle an argument/ a matter 解决争端/事情 settle down 定居下来，平静下来，舒适地坐下22. suffer vi.&vt. 遭受；忍受；经历suffer from因而痛苦, 患病suffer from loneliness 因孤独而痛苦suffer from a bad cold 得了重感冒遭受，蒙受(痛苦、饥饿、寒冷、损失等)suffer a heavy loss遭受严重损失 suffer pain/hunger/cold/death 遭受痛苦;饥饿;寒冷;死亡sufferer n. 受苦者suffering n. 痛苦, 苦难23. recover from illness 生病后恢复24. get/be tired of 对厌烦25. pack (sth.) up 将（东西）装箱打包26. get along / on with get along / on with sb. 与某人相处 get along / on with sth. 某事进展 get along / on well / nicely / badly with 与处得好 / 不好; 进展顺利 / 不顺利27. fall in love/ be in love (with sb.) 相爱，爱上（某人）28. join in sth. / doing sth. 参加活动join in playing football 参加踢足球 join in the game 参加游戏活动join 参加组织团体 join the army 参军 join sb. in 和一起参加活动join them in singing 与他们一起唱歌29. have trouble / difficulty / problem with sb. / sth. 和某人相处 / 做某事有困难 have trouble / difficulty / problem (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难30. 虚拟语气 should have done sth. 本应该做某事（而实际上没做）= ought to have done sth. shouldnt have done sth. 本不应该做某事（而实际上已做） could have done sth. 本来可以做某事（却未做） cant/ couldnt have done 不可能做过某事31. keep me spellbound 使我着迷 spellbinding adj. 是入迷的；迷人的 spellbound adj. 入迷的32. There was a time when .曾经有一段时间33. make an effort / efforts to do sth. 努力去做某事重点句子 1. Your friend comes to school very upset. 2. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 3. she and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. 4. I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 5. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the songs of the birds, moon- light and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. 6. It was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face 7. Its no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced 8. There is nothing wrong with you and this boy being friends and studying together. 9. I still find it hard to make good friends with them 10. I would be grateful if you could give me some adviceUnit 2 English around the world重点单词和短语 1. because of 因为(后接名词.代词.名词性从句) due to “由于”, 作表语或状语;thanks to “由于, 多亏”, 作表语或状语;owing to “由于”, 作表语或状语;as a result of “因为的结果”, 作状语;on account of “因为”, 作状语 2. native adj. 本地的, 本国的 ones native land/country/language 故乡；祖国；母语 a native speaker of English 以英语为母语的人 be native to（动植物）原产于某地 n. 本地人；当地人；原产于某地的动植物 a native of Fuzhou 福州人 3. official: adj 官方的；正式的 an official language 一种官方语言an official document 一份正式文件 4. more than one + n. 不止一个 more than one kind of English 不止一种英语 less than 少于 no more than 和一样不（两者都否定） more than 更多，超过 ；只能 rather than宁可，而不是 more or less 或多或少 not more than 不如（前者不如后者）；至多 5. come up: 走上前来；被提出；（太阳、月亮）升起；发生（主语是物） He came up to me and said hello to me. come up with想出，提出（主语是人） Your question came up at the meeting. come across邂逅 The sun has come up. come out 出来，出版，显现 Ill let you know if anything comes up. come over 过来，顺便来访 come up with a good idea: 想出一个好点子 come about 发生 6. base vt. 以为根据：base sth. on sth. 使以为依据/基础 base ones opinions on facts: 意见以事实为依据 be based on: 以为依据 n. 基础：make London the base for revolutionary work 使伦敦成为革命工作的根据地 basis n. 根据；基本原则 on the basis of 在的基础上 the basis of/for your opinion 你的看法的依据 7. present v. 赠送；呈现；介绍；描述 present sth. to sb./present sb. with sth. 向某人赠送/颁发/授予/介绍某物 present sb. to sb. else 向某人介绍/引见某人 adj 现在的；到场的；出席的 be present at the meeting 出席会议the present situation目前的形式 at present/at the present time 目前；现在everyone present 在场的各位 (前置定语) 现在的；当前的 present （后置定语）出席的；到场的 for the present 眼下；暂时n. 赠品；礼物 8. vocabulary 词汇；词汇量 with/have a large vocabulary: 词汇量很大 increase/enlarge vocabulary 增加/扩大词汇（量） 9. make use of 利用；使用 make full use of 充分利用 make good use of 好好利用 make little use of 不充分利用 make the best (use) of 更好地利用；往好里做 make the most of 更好地利用 His progress in study lies in the good use he made of his spare time We should consider what use can be made of such a material10. such as: 用于列举，往往不能把事物全部列出，可以以“名词（,）such as+被列举的事物”和“such+名词+as+被列举的事物”形式出现 Sweet food, such as chocolate can make you fat =Such sweet food as chocolate can make you fat no such thing没有这样的事 （1）若such与no, all, most, some, any, another, many, much, a few, few, little, a little, several, one等词连用时，such应置于这些词之后。 （2）如果so与many, much, few, little等词连用时，so应置于这些词之前。11. command v. 命令；指令；掌握 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 command (that) sb. (should) do sth. （从句中谓语用虚拟语气） n. 命令;指令；掌握 obey the captains commands 服从船长的命令give a command 发布命令 by sbs command 根据的命令 take the command of an army: 统帅/指挥一支军队 under the command of sb.=under sbs command 在的指挥下 have a good command of English. 精通/熟练掌握英语12. request v. 请求，要求request sth. 要求/请求得到，索要某物 request sth. from sb. 向某人索要某物 request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 = request that sb. (should) do sth.（从句中谓语用虚拟语气） Its requested that 从句 据要求as requested 依据请求n. 要求，请求 make a request for sth. 要求/需要某物 make a request that 从句，要求 by request 应邀 at sbs request/at the request of sb.根据的请求13. play a part in 在中担任角色/起作用play the part of sb 扮演某人的角色 play an important/vital part/role in (doing) sth. 在中起重要/至关重要的作用 play the leading role/part 起主要作用，起带头作用，演主角14. recognize vt. 识别；认出；承认（指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因又重 新认出来） recognize sb./sbs voice. 认出某人/听出某人的声音 recognize sth./that 从句 承认recognize sth./sb. to be 承认某人是 recognize sth./sb. as sth. 正式认可/接受某事/人为 recognition n. 承认，认出beyond/out of recognition 认不出来15. make sense 有道理；有意义；讲得通16. hold on 别挂(电话); 坚持17. direction n. 方向；指导；指示（常用复数）；说明书 【要点】用作“方向；指导”时，与介词in或from搭配； 用作“指示；说明书”时，则与under搭配。 ask directions 问路 give directions 指路；给予指示 in the direction of 朝方向 from the direction of 来自方向 in all directions = in every direction 向四面八方 under the direction of sb. 在某人的指导下 under ones direction according to ones directions 根据某人的指示 follow/ obey/ listen to ones direction 听从某人的指导18. put sth. down 写下；记下；镇压19. have fun with sth. 以为乐20. believe it or not 信不信由你（常用作插入语，也叫独立成分）重点句子 1. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English. 2. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 3. By the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. 4. One reason is that English has a large vocabulary. 5. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 6. She told us to go around the corner on the left and keep going straight for two blocks.Unit 3 Travel journal重点单词和短语 1. transport n. 运输；运送 the public transport of the city 城市公共运输系统 the transport of goods by air 空运货物 in the process of/during transport/transportation 在运输过程中 v运输；运送 transport (from) to 把从运到 transportation n. 运输a means of transportation 一种运输方式 2. prefer vt. 更喜欢prefer coffee to tea. 更喜欢咖啡而不是茶 prefer doing to doing 更喜欢干而不愿干 prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿干而不愿干 prefer sb to do sth. 宁愿让某人做某事 prefer that sb (should) do 更宁愿某人干 preference n. (两者之中) 较喜欢的东西；偏好；偏爱 have a preference for 对偏爱have no particular preference 没有特别的偏好 in preference to . 而不是；优先于 3. ever since. 从那以后 4. persuade vt. 说服；劝服. persuade sb. to do sth.=persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做 persuade sb. not to do sth. =persuade sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人停止做；劝阻某人做 persuade sb. of sth. 或persuade sb. + that-clause 使某人相信某事 persuasive adj. 有说服力的persuasion n. 说服；劝说 5. graduate. v. （自大学）毕业；获得学位 graduate from 毕业于（学校） graduate in . 毕业于（专业） graduate sb. 授予某人学位或毕业文凭 n. 毕业生：a high school graduate: 高中毕业生 a science graduate 理学士 graduation n. 毕业（典礼）after/before graduation 毕业后/前 6. schedule: n. 时间表；进度表class schedule: 课程表ahead of schedule 较预定的时间提前 on schedule 按照预定的时间，按时behind schedule 迟于预定的时间；拖后vt. 为安排时间 schedule the meeting for that night会议的时间定在那天晚上 be scheduled to do sth. 预定做某事 7. be fond of (doing) sth. be into /crazy about (doing) sth. 喜爱（做）某事；对做某事感兴趣 be interested in (doing) sth. 8. organize. vt 组织；成立；安排；整理 organize a football match 组织一场足球赛organize your thoughts 整理你的思路 organize sb. to do sth. 组织某人干某事 9. care about 关心；忧虑；惦念 care for 喜欢；照顾 take care注意；担心 take care of 照顾 with care小心；谨慎10. insist v. 坚决要求；主张 insist on/upon doing sth. 坚持做某事 insist on/upon ones doing sth. 坚持要某人做某事 insist that-clause 坚持认为；坚持说He insisted that he was right. 他坚持认为他是正确的。（陈述语气）He insisted that he should be set free. 他坚决要求他被释放。（虚拟语气）11. determine vt.& vi. 确定；决定；使下定决心 determine sth./pron. 确定某事 determine on/upon 决定 determine to do sth. 决定做某事 determine sb. to do sth. 使某人决定做某事 determine on early start=determine to start early 决定早动身 determine +that-clausedetermined adj 已决定了的；坚定的；坚决的 be determined that 从句 be determined to do sth 决定干某事 =make up ones mind to do sth. a determined look 坚定的表情 a determined man 意志坚定的人 determination 决定；决心with determination 坚决地 a man of great determination 意志坚定的人12. go on/ make/ take a journey to sp. 去某地旅行13. altitude. n. 海拔；高处 at an altitude of =at a height of 在高度 at 表示“在处/时；以” at a price of 以的价格 at a speed/ rate of 以速度 at a length of 在长度at a depth/ width of 在深度，宽度 at a distance of 在远的距离at the cost of 以为代价14. change ones mind 改变某人的主意 make up ones mind 下决心 read ones mind 看出某人心思 keep ones mind on 专心于 speak ones mind 直言不讳 have/bear/ keep sth. in mind 记住某事15. give in (to sb./ sth.) (向)屈服；让步；投降；上交 give off 放出（光、热、气味、蒸汽等） give out 分发；用完，耗尽；筋疲力尽 give away 泄露；赠送 give back 归还；恢复 give way to 让位于；妥协16. pace. n. 一步；速度；步调at a good pace 相当快地 keep pace with 跟齐步前进17. attitude, n. 态度；看法 take a friendly attitude to/ towards us. 对我们采取友善的态度 hold a positive/ negative attitude 持积极/消极态度18. as usual: 照常；像往常一样19. flow through sp. 流经某地20. go/ run like clockwork 按计划进行；进展顺利21. weather forecast 天气预报22. view. n. 视野；视力；景色；看法；观点 be/ go out of view 从视野消失come into view 进入视线 admire the view 欣赏景色in my view = from my point of view 依我看来 take the view that-clause 持有观点 v. 考虑；观看view sb. as sth. 把看作23. put up 举起，拾起；挂起，张贴；建造，搭建；（为某人）提供食宿 the tents. 搭起帐篷 put up your hands 举手 put up the post 张贴海报 put up ten people for night 为十人提供食宿过夜 put away 放好；积蓄 put down 写下，记下；放下；镇压 put forward 提出（意见、建议） put in 打断，插话 put . into use 投入使用 put off 延迟，推迟 put on 穿上，带上；发胖；上演 put ones heart into全神贯注于 put out 扑灭（火）；出版 put up with 忍受，容忍24. give my love/ best wishes to sb. 请代我向问好/候重点句子 1. Ever since middle school, my sister WangWei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 2. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 3. She insisted that she organize the trip properly. 4. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. 5. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, travelling across western Yunnan Province . 6. A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is. 7. I prefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better. 8. The very first time that Joe saw the film “ET” directed by Steven Spielberg, he made up his mind to become a director too. 9. Give as much information as you can.10. To climb the mountain was hard work.11. At one point we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds .12. We can hardly wait to see them.Unit 4 Earthquakes重点单词和短语 1. right/ straight away = at once 立刻；马上 2. burst (burst, burst) vi. 爆裂；爆发 burst into 突然起来 burst into a place=break into a place 突然闯进 burst into tears/ laughters/ flames 突然大哭/大笑/起火 burst in 闯入；突然插嘴；打断 burst out 突然发生，突然说出 burst out crying/ laughing/ singing 突然哭起来/笑起来/唱起来 n. 一阵 a burst of laughter/ applause 一阵笑声/掌声 a burst of anger 怒火的迸发 3. as if/ though仿佛；好像as if/ though+clause虚拟情况从句时态与现在事实相反一般过去时与过去事实相反过去完成时 4. at an end 结束；终结 in the end 最后；终于 at the end (of sth.) 在结尾处；在（）结束的时候 by the end of this month 在本月末 5. ruin n. 废墟；毁灭；遗迹be/ lie/ stand in ruins 成为一片废墟the ruins of Yuanmingyuan 圆明圆遗迹v. 毁灭；使破产/灭 ruin ones health 毁坏某人健康ruin ones hope 使某人希望破灭 6. destroy (destroyed, destroyed) vt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭 destroy the building 毁坏建筑destroy/ ruin ones hope 使希望破灭 destruction n. 破坏；毁坏 7. track n. 轨道；足迹；痕迹keep track of 记录；掌握的线索 8. shock: n. 休克；打击；震惊；令人震惊的事 vt & vi (使)震惊；震动 be a great shock 沉重的打击 an electric shock 电击 The bad news left us speechless from shock 坏消息使我们震惊得说不出话来。 be shocked by/ at 对感到震惊a shocking accident 令人震惊的事故 9. rescue: n & vt. 援救；营救 rescue sb. from 从危险中救出 a rescue team 救援队 come/ go to ones rescue 营救某人rescuer n. 营救人员10. trap vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；困境trap sb. in the mud= get/ be trapped in the mud被困在泥巴里面trap sb./ sth. into (doing) 诱使某人/某物（做）set a trap 设圈套11. dig out (dug dug) 掘出；发现 dig sth. out of sth. 把从里挖出dig the truth out of him 从他那里查出真相12. bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 bury ones face/ head in sth. 把脸/头伸到里去 bury oneself in= be buried in 埋头于；专心于 be buried in thought 陷入了沉思burial n. 埋葬；葬礼13. shelter n. 躲避（处）；避身处 build shelters for survivors 给幸存者建避难所 take shelter from the rain 躲雨 v. 保护；遮蔽；使住宿shelter me from blame 保护我免受责难14. judge n. 裁判员；法官；vt. 断定；判断；判决；认为 work as a judge: 当法官/裁判judge sth. from/ by sth. 由来判断 judging from/ by sth. 由来看（作状语） judge sb. to be 认为某人 As far as I can judge 据我判断judge the case 审理这个案件 judgement n. 判决；审判；判断 make a judgement on sth. 对作出判断15. express vt. 表达；用快递邮寄出express oneself 表达自己 express thanks/ thoughts 表达感谢/思想express the letter 用快递方式寄出信件 express sth. to sb.= express to sb. sth. 向某人表示/表达某事16. rise (rose; risen) vi. 升高；增长；站在；起床 n. 上升；上涨；增升；涨工资 rise by 20% 增长了20% rise to 200. 增长到200 rise from the chair 从椅子上站起来 Early to bed and early to rise is good to your health早睡早起对身体有好处 ask for a rise 要求涨工资get a rise 升级；涨工资17. run out of 从跑出来；用光（不用被动)18. think little/ nothing of 轻视；忽视；对满不在乎 think much/ highly of 重视；看重；对高度评价 think of sb. as 把看作19. reach v. 延伸；达成（协议）；得出结论；伸手够到某物；与取得联系 The woods reaches as far as the river 森林延伸至河边 reach an agreement 达成协议reach a conclusion 得出结论 reach him by telephone 用电话与他取得联系 reach out for sth 伸手去拿 n. 够着；达到 out of the reach of sb. 在某人伸手够不着的地方 within the reach of sb. 在某人伸手够得着的地方 above/ beyond the reach of sb. 超出某人的能力20. give out vt. 发出（光；热；气味）；分发；发表；发布（消息） vi. 用尽；筋疲力尽21. It sounds/ looks/ feels/seems as if 听/看/感觉起来/看来好像22. in the open air 在户外23. offer/ send ones congratulations to sb. on sth. = congratulate sb. on sth. 向某人祝贺某事24. honor vt. 给予（某人）荣誉；使得到尊敬/荣誉 n. 名誉；面子；敬意；引起尊敬的人或物 honor sb. for sth.=be honored for sth. 因某事而受到尊敬/表彰 be/ feel honored to do sth. 做某事感到荣幸 Its a great honor for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说很荣幸 She is an honor to this profession. 她是这一行业的光荣。 have the honor to do/ of doing sth. 有做某事的荣幸 do sb. an/the honor of doing(sth.) 赏光 in honor of sb.=in sbs honor为向表示敬意；为纪念25. without warning 在没有任何先兆的情况下26. the disaster-hit/stricken areas 受灾地区重点句子 1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 2. It seems as if the world was at an end. 3. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. 4. All hope was not lost. 5. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 6. As you know, this is the day the quake happened thirty-four years ago. 7. The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened. 8. Your parents and your school should be very proud of you!Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero重点单词和短语 1. quality. n. 质量；品质；性质 be of high good/ low/ poor quality 质量高/低 a man of fine qualities: 一位有很多好品质的男子 the qualities of water 水的特性 qualify v. 使具体资格（品质） 2. mean adj. 吝啬的；自私；卑鄙的 Its mean of sb. to do sth. 做某事真是太自私/卑鄙了 be mean to sb. about/ over sth. 在某方面对某人很吝啬 3. active. adj. 积极的；活跃的；主动的 be active in 在方面很积极/活跃take an active part in 积极参与 leadlive an active life 过着积极的生活 active voice 主动语态activity n. 活动 4. devote vt. (与to连用) 献身；专心于 devote . to . 把献给 devote oneself to sth./ doing sth. 献身于，专心于；致力于 be devoted to致力于；专用于 devote ones life/ time/ money/ energy to sth./ doing sth. 把本人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于 devoted. adj. 忠实的；深爱的；全心全意的 a devoted friend 一位忠实的朋友 a devoted mother 一位贤
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