语法选择技巧.doc

语篇解题技巧语法选择大攻关一、语法选择的特点 本题型一般为200词左右的叙述短文，在篇章中考查基本语法，第一句话往往是完整的，一般不设空。通过读第一句话可以根据动词的形式判断文章故事发生的时间。所以阅读第一句话，你的注意力应放在动词的形式上。因为有语境，难度较低。 二、语法选择考点归纳让你知己知彼百战百胜！ 1. 动词：主要从动词的时态、语态、介词+Ving、情态动词+动原等方面考查。 2. 名词：主要从可数名词单复数、可数或不可数的判断以及所有格的用法。 3. 形容词：分词作形容词的考查，-ed是修饰人，-ing是修饰物，只要会判断主语，即可做对。 4. 副词：考查副词的基本用法之一修饰动词。只要空格前面出现动词，则应该选择副词。 5. 连词：考查频率最高的是but、so、or、and、although、though、both、either、neither、all的用法。掌握这几个连词的基本用法即可，较容易选对答案。 6. 代词：考查人称代词、不定代词的运用。 7. 介词：考查固定搭配。考查频率最高的介词：on、in、at、for用在时间前的用法，with、without的用法。 8. 词性：考查句子成分词性运用从出题的考点来看，动词考查是最多的，一般为3-4题。因此学生对动词的掌握尤为重要。 大多数学生认为该题型较难，所以丢分较严重。原因分析：对基础的语法点没有掌握，缺乏解题方法与技巧。 三、指点迷津让你不再为语法选择抓狂！ step1：读第一句话动词判断时态为做题时选动词找依据 话你知：动词会给你很多信息，做题过程中集中关注动词的变化！ step2：以句为单位找提示词确定考点 话你知： 考动词：一看有无时态标志 二看空格前有无情态动词、介词 （情态动词+动原；介词+Ving） 三看有无and/or （如有则观察and/or前或后的动词形式，答案选项的形式要与其保持一致） 四看选项出现被动语态，则判断主语与动词的关系是主动还是被动考名词：考查单复数，常常结合感叹句考查首先排除How a选项，用感叹句的判定方法即在句子后面找出主语与谓语，如空格后的词为形容词则选how选项，如是名词则判断该名词为可数单数则用what a选项，可数复数或不可数则用what选项。 考形容词：若选项出现-ed、-ing一般考查的是分词作形容词的用法：-ed是修饰人，-ing是修饰事物，只要会判断主语，即可做对。 考副词：若选项出现ly结尾的，可以判定该空格考查副词的运用。在该句子中，空格前有动词，则要用副词修饰。 考连词：考查频率最高的是but、so、or、and、although、though、both、either、neither、all的用法。判断文章前后的逻辑关系即可。but：表示转折关系；so：表示因果关系；or：或者、否则之意。and：表示并列关系；though/although：表示虽然但是，不能与but连用。 both.and：表示两者都；either.or：表示两者之一；neither.nor：表示两者中没有一个；all：表示全部都，用于三者以上。 考代词：人称代词动词/介词后用宾格；空格后有名词，用形容词所有格，没有名词则用名词所有格；反身代词常考enjoy oneself / help yourself / dress oneself / teach oneself；不定代词something、everything、anything、nothing被形容词修饰时，形容词后置；other、the other、others、the othersother、the other分别为“其他的”、“其余的”的意思，后面跟名词，others、the others分别为“其他人/东西”、“其余的人/东西”，已经是名词。有the，说明是在一定范围内。 考介词：常考on、in、at、for用在时间前的用法，with、without的用法。 at: 用于具体时刻、传统节日前，例如：at 8:00，at Christmas. 固定搭配：at noon, at night in: 用于世纪、年、季节、月等不具体的时间前，例如：in 2011固定搭配：in the morning/afternoon/evening on: 用于具体的某一天，或具体的早上、下午、晚上。 for: 后面+一段时间，现在完成时的标志 with: 与.一起，和.；带着.，有.的；以(手段、材料)，用(工具) without: 没有。 千叮万嘱：介词后面的动词+ing 考词性：根据句子意思和成分，判断需要的词性。熟记不同词性的前后缀。step3：代入答案 充分说服你的选项是百分之百对的！【实战演练】(天河区)If you have failed in the past to try to make big changes in life, try again now, one small step at a time. Every year its the same. As December 26 to an end, you think about the new year and all the ways you want to improve your life. But as you start to write down your hopes for the new year, you think about the last year. You 27 write down all the changes you are going to make, but by the end of January those ideas get 28 in your busy life. Heres the suggestion: Forget the too big, hard-to-achieve goals and just think about the small ones. “We often think that we must do everything in big steps, 29 its so hard for us to reach it,” said Robert Maurer, 30 recently wrote the book One Small Step Can Change Your Life. “What we try to do is to begin with 31 small step that we cant find any excuse 32 it.” During 33 , American factory managers were able to increase productivity（提高生产率） 34 trying small, continuous (持续的) improvements instead of sudden changes. After the war, the idea 35 to a rebuilding Japan. It made Japan strong quickly. The Japanese called it “Kaizen”, which means “improvement”.26. A. comeB. cameC. comes D. coming27. A. excite B. excited C. exciting D. excitedly28. A. loses B. lost C. lose D. to lose29. A. but B. / C. because D. if 30. A. which B. that C. whom D. who 31. A. such a B. such C. so D. so a 32. A. dont do B. doesnt do C. not to do D. not do 33. A. world war two B. World War II C. the World War Two D. Second World War34. A. forB. from C. by D. with35. A. broughtB. bringsC. is brought D. was brought(增城区)An old man lived in a nice house with a large garden. He took care of his flowers all the time. One day a young man went past the garden. He looked at the beautiful flowers, imagining how happy he could be if he lived in 26 . Then, suddenly he found the old gardener was blind. He was very 27 about this and asked, “You cant see these flowers. Why are you busy 28 care of them every day?” The old man smiled and said “I can tell you four reasons. First, I was a gardener when I was young, and I really like this job. Second, I can touch the flowers 29 seeing them. Third, I can smell the sweetness of them. The last one, thats for you.”“ 30 ? But you dont know me,” said the young man.“Yeah, its true that I dont know you. But I know that flowers are angels. We enjoy the happiness these flowers 31 us.”The blind mans work pleased our hearts and 32 our eyes, which also made his life 33 . It was just like Beethoven, who became deaf in his later 34 and wrote many great musical works. Beethoven himself couldnt hear his wonderful music, 35 his music has encouraged millions of people to face their difficulties bravely. Isnt it one kind of happiness? 26. A. such a beautiful placeB. so a beautiful placeC. such beautiful place D. so beautiful place27. A. surprise B. surprised C. surprising D. surprisingly28. A. takeB. taking C. to take D. taken29. A. on B. with C. at D. without30. A. Me B. I C. My D. Mine31. A. brings B. has brought C. have brought D. had brought 32. A. open B. opens C. was opened D. opened33. A. happily B. happier C. more happily D. most happily c 34. A. life B. live C. lives D. living35. A. and B. so C. but D. or(白云区)Being safe in your everyday life needs knowledge. If you remember the following information , your life will be much _26_. Always notice the environment around you. You shouldnt walk alone outside . Make sure where the public phones are. If anything dangerous _27_, you can find them _28_Your bag should _29_towards the front of your body instead of_30_it on your back. When a bus is full of people, it is _31_ for a thief to take away the things in the bag on your back. If you are followed_32_ someone you dont know, cross the street and go to the other way, let the person understand _33_ you know he or she is after you. Next, dont go home at once. You are safer in the street than you are alone in your home or in a lift. If you have to take _34_bus to place far away, try to get to the stop a few minutes earlier before the bus leaves. This stops _35_from studying you. On the bus, dont sit alone. Sit behind the driver or with other people. Dont sleep.26. A. safe B. safety C. safer D. safest27. A. happens B. happen C. happened D. will happen28. A. easy B. easier C. easiest D. easily29. A. be carry B. be carried C. carry D. carries30. A. puts B. put C. putting D. be put31. A. enough easy B. easily enough C. enough easily D. easy enough32. A. from B. by C. in D. for33. A. what B. how C. which D. that34. A. a B. an C. the D.不填35. A other B. the other C. others D. the others(海珠区)Nasreddin was a poor man, so he tried to grow _26_ he could in his own garden, so that he would not have to buy so many in the market.One evening he heard a noise in his garden and looked out of the window. A white cow _27_ into the garden and was eating his vegetables. Nasreddin at once took his stick, ran out and chased the cow, but he was too old to catch it. When he got back to his garden, he found that the cow had ruined most of his precious vegetables._28_next morning, while he _29_ in the street near his house, he saw a cart with two white cows which looked very much like the one 30 had eaten his vegetables. He was carrying his stick with him, _31_ he at once began to beat the two cows with it. As neither of them looked more like the cow that had eaten his vegetables than the other, he beat both of them equally hard.The owner of the cow and cart was drinking coffee in a _32_ coffee-house. When he saw _33_ Nasreddin was doing _34_ his animals, he ran out and shouted, “What are you doing? What have those poor animals done to you for you to beat them like that?”“You keep out this!” Nasreddin shouted back, “This is a matter_35_ me and one of these two cows. He knows very well why I am beating him!”26. A. so many vegetables B. many vegetablesC. as many as vegetables D. as many vegetables as27. A. had got B. got C. was getting D. has got28. A. One B. 不填 C. On D. The 29. A. walks B. waked C. was walking D. walking30. A. who B. that C. whom D. 不填31. A. so B. and C. butD. or32. A. beside B. nearby C. nearD. near by33. A. that B. which C. whyD. what34. A. forB. to C. withD. on35.A. among B. of C. betweenD. in(番禺区)I still remember I fell in love with English from a very young age, because I thought it was _26_ useful language. Full of strong wishes of _27_ English, I began to learn it. But soon I found it _28_ than expected. There were too many words, expressions and many other things to remember. And even if you know 29 , you cant use them correctly and exactly. And I did rather 30_ in my first English test. I was worried about it. This made me _31_ my interest in English little by little. While I was in trouble, my English teacher gave me much help. I knew that interest didnt mean _32 and I should have some learning methods. I did _33_ he said and tried many different ways of learning English. As the days went by, I could do better and better and became more and more interested in it. During summer vacation, an old lady from Australia visited my school. She had a talk with us. It was the first time to meet a foreigner. I got _34_ nervous at first, but soon I found it exciting to talk with her, and I learned a lot from her. _35_ I wish to practice speaking English with foreigners every day!26. A. such a B. such an C. so a D. so an27. A. learn B. learned C. to learn D. learning28. A. better B. more difficult C. worse D. easier29. A. how to write them B. how should you write themC. what to write them D. what to write30. A. well B. worse C. bad D. badly31. A. dropped B. dropping C. drop D. drops32. A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something33. A. as B. like C. so D. so that34. A. little B. a little C. a few D. few35. A. What B. Why C. How D. When 200236. The boys arrived tote at The cinema, and the start of the film. A. caught B. missed C. got D. lost37. -Guess, how much does it cost? -I think it costs 15 and 20 dollars. A. from B. between C. among D. with38 AS we know, some people are good at but bad at giving back. A. lending B. keeping C. borrowing D. using39.-Why couldnt you the correct spoiling of the word? -Err. I hadnt got a Chinese-English dictionary at hand. A. took for B. look down C. look up D. look at40. -You look very tired this morning. What did you do yesterday afternoon? -I did Christmas shopping. A. a lot of B. a few of C. a number of D. a piece of41. -Would you mind looking after my dog while Im on holiday? A. Of course not B.I d be happy to C. Not at all Ive no time D. Yes, please42. -Whet can I do for you? - A. Yes, you can give a skirt to me B. Id like a skirt C. No, I can do it f myself D. I can do what I want43. After school we usually play basketball for half an hour on playground. A. the; the B. 不填; 不填 C. 不填; the D. the; 不填44. Each of us has to write a report evenly two weeks. A. two-hundred-word B. two-hundreds-word C. two-hundred-words D. two-hundred-words45. -Which would you like to drink, coffee or orange juice? - . Please give me a cup of tea. A. Neither B. Both C. All D. None46. An old friend of my sisters always helps my brother and with English. A. I; our B, me; ourselves C. I; my D. me; our47. The little boy ate a big meal he said he wasnt hungry. A. if B. though C. because D. as48. -What do you like doing after class? -I like not only reading painting. A. and B. but also C. or D. for49. We gore to go to the country in spring the flowers smell so A. well B. nice C. wonderfully D. nicety50. The letter from my uncle was short. There wasnt news. A. many B. a few C. much D. few 51. The boy doesnt speak his sister, but his written work s very good, A. as well as B. so good as C. more better than D. more worse than52. When did your uncle arrive China? -He got to Guangzhou the morning of the 16th of April. A. at; in B. in; in C. to; on b. in; on53. The food my country quite different the here. A, in; like B. to; from C. from; to b. in; from54. way it is from Guangzhou to Paris A. How long B. What a long C. How a long D. What long55. - I take some photos in the hall? -No, you A. Can; neednt B. Must; mustnt C. Could; wont D. May; mustnt56. -What is the weather like this summer here? -There very little rain. A. has B. has been C. are D. have been57. If you carefully, you the report well. A. will listen; will be understood B. will listen; understand C. listen; wilt understand D. listen: understand58. They about eight hundred English words by the end of last term. A. will learn B. had learned C. are going to learn D. have learned59. Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ? A. where is the bank nearest B. where is the nearest bank C. where the nearest bank is D. the nearest band is where 60. -How did the occident happen? -You know, it difficult to see the road clearly because it A. was; was raining B. is; has rained C. is; is raining D. will be; will rain61. -Hi, Tom! Con you tell me when for London? A. leaving B. leaves C. to leave D. are you leaving62. Dont worry. All the children by the nurses. A. are well taken care of B. take good care of C. are taken good care D. take good care63. Have you your new classmates yet? A. had friends with B. made friend with C. got friend to D. made friends with200326. - Does Liu Hua ever guess the meanings of English words? - He _ guesses One meanings of new words. He uses his dictionary all the time. A. usually B. always C. never D. sometimes27. The meeting will be held in halt a. hour. but they havent got everything ready A. ever B. already C. yet D. still28. - How many more oranges can I have? - You can, have one more are for Tom. A. The others B. Another C. Others D. The other29. My sister usually thinks _ _ her own language first. Then she tams her words into English. A. by B. in C. with D. thorough30. ! Its the music, of Mozart. Be quiet. A. Hear B. Sound C. Sing D. Listen31. -Which do you prefer, oranges or apples? - . Id like bananas. A. Yes, both B. Neither, that you C. Sure, I would D. No, please32. - Thank you ever so much for the present you sent me. - A. Please dont say so B. Its not so good, I think. C. No, thanks D. Im glad you like it33. -Good luck and have a .nice weekend. - A. The same too B. You have it too C. You are too D. The same as you34. - Would you like something to drink? A. Yes, I like chick and fish B. One Coke. please C. Just a few, please D. Oh; no. Thats great35.Oh, N, Judy. Hi, Jason. Come on it. Make _ at home. A. yourself B. us C. yourselves D. you36. - How far is it from our school to seaside? -It is _ eight-kitometre walk, from here. A. the; an B. 不填; an C. the; a D. 不填; a 37. - Can you give me a hand, Robin? - But, Helen, you my help every five minutes. I TV now. A. need, am watching B. need, watch C. are needing; watch D. are needing; am watching 38. -Can I talk m you for a minute, Brian? - Sure. I have time. A. a few B. little C. a few D. a little 39. - Hi, Carol. How was your trip to Disneyworld? - Hi, Alice. Oh, we _ a good time there. A. are having B. have had C. had D. have 40. Now the air in our hometown is than it was before. Something must be clone. A. much better B. more-worse C. more better D. much worse 41. Look at those big black clouds. It rain. Lets hurry. A. must B. will C. would D. is going to 42. The poor man ate a big breakfast _ he said he wasnt hungry. A. since B. because C. though D. for 43. - its time to do your homework, Jack. - Yes, Mum. t turn off the TV as soon as the programme A. ends B. end C. will be ended D. will end44. The boy said he had to speak English in class, but he speak it after class. A. could B. didnt have to C. might D. shouldnt45. Mary is flying to France soon. She will arrive Paris _ the morning of July 9. A. at; in B. in; on C. in; in D. at; on46. Yesterday afternoon Mrs Green told the boys football in the classroom. A. didnt play B. to not play C. not play D. not to play47. Catherine the letter before her mother came into her bedroom. A. has written B. was written C. had written D. is writing48. - . have dinner with me and. my wife sometime next week? - Yes, Id like to. Thank you. A. Would you like B. do you like C. Would you D. Do you49. The film star is going to spend _ dollars on a new dress for the coming party. A. three thousands B. thousands of C. thousand of D. three thousands of 50. Your sister works very hard, and_ A. so you are B. so you do C. so are you D. so do you 51. Johnny doesnt sing quite the other boys and girls in his class. A. so well as B. as good like C. as well like D. so good as52. When he come