《定语从句语法》PPT课件.ppt

TheAttributiveClause定语从句 在复合句中 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句 定语从句有时也可以修饰一个句子 被定语从句所修饰的词叫 先行词 形式 先行词 关系词 从句ThisisthebookthatIwant 定义 关系词 关系代词 that which who whom whose as 关系副词 when where why 关系词 Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly ThebookthatIhavereadisverygood TheboythatisreadingthebookisJim ThegirlthatwesawyesterdayisLily Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidn tneedmuchwater Thefishwhichweboughtwerenotfresh TheboywhobrokethewindowisJohn ThepersonwhomyoujusttalkedtoisMr Li MissWangistheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek Passmethebookwhosecoverisblack Passmethebook ofwhichthecoverisblack 关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中可以 何时可以省略 关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中可以 何时可以省略 做宾语时可以省略 Jointhefollowingsentences Thebookisverygood Ihavereadit Thebookisverygood Ihavereadthat which Thebookthat whichIhavereadisverygood 先行词和关系词的关系 Jointhefollowingsentences ThegirlisMary Wesawheryesterday ThegirlisMary Wesawwhomyesterday ThegirlwhomwesawyesterdayisMary 先行词和关系词的关系 关系代词的用法练习 1 Theeggswerenotfresh Iboughtthemyesterday 2 Thefriendwasnothungry Hecametosupperlastnight 3 Helikesthecheese Itcomesfromhisparent sfarm 4 Thenoodlesweredelicious Youcookedthem 5 Idon tlikethepeople Theysmokealot Theeggs that which Iboughtwerenotfresh Thefriendwho thatcametosupperlastnightwasnothungry Helikesthecheesethat whichcomesfromhisparent sfarm Thenoodles which that youcookedweredelicious Idon tlikethepeoplethat whosmokealot 介词 关系代词的情况1 Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway to in 介词 关系代词的情况2 Themanwho whomyouspokewasascientist Thecitythat whichshelivesisfaraway to in Arethesetwosentencesright 介词 关系代词的情况3 Themanwho whomyouspokewasascientist Thecitythat whichshelivesisfaraway to in Arethesetwosentencesright 可见 who that不能用与介词之后 介词 关系代词的情况4 Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter 在固定短语中介词不能提前 下面两句中的介词能提前吗 关系副词when表示时间 作状语 where表示地点 作状语 why表示原因 作状语 IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling Istillremembertheday Icamehereontheday 替换ontheday 用when 定语从句为IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere 若只是替换theday 因为theday做的是on的宾语 所以用which 定语从句为IstillrememberthedayonwhichIcamehere 结论 在此句中可以用onwhich来替换when 关系副词可变为 介词 which IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling 应根据句子的意思选用合适的介词 onwhich when inwhich where forwhich why 当先行词虽然表示时间 地点或原因 而关系词在从句中作主语 宾语而不是状语时 不可用when where或why 而应该用that或which Ilikethecity thereisabeautifullake Ilikethecity hasabeautifullake where which that Thereason hedidn tcometoschoolyesterdayisthathewasill Thereason hegaveisn ttrue Iwillneverforgettheday mysonwasborn Iwillneverforgettheday IspentwithChairmanMao why which that when which that 1 I llneverforgetthedays weworkedtogether 2 I llneverforgetthedays wespenttogether 3 IwenttothetownIlivedtenyearsago 4 Iwenttotheplace Ivisitedtenyearsago 5 Thisisthereason hewaslate 6 Thisisthereason hegave when which that where which that why which that 几种易混的情况 及物动词 及物动词 及物动词 定语从句分类 定语从句 TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句 先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语 如果去掉 主句的意义就不完整或失去意义 这种从句和主句的关系十分密切 写时不可用逗号分开 TheNon RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句 从句与主句的关系不十分密切 只是对先行词作些附加的说明 如果去掉 主句的意义仍然很清楚 这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开 一般不用that 考点 连接词which的用法 Which引导非限定性定语从句 其先行词可是一个词 也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分 e g 1 Sheheardaterriblenoise broughtherheartintohermouth A itB whichC thisD that2 Theweatherturnedouttobegood wasmorethanwecouldexpect A whatB whichC thatD it B B as引导的定语从句 as具有正如之意 与之搭配的动词一般是固定的 如 asyouknow asyousee asweplanned asweexpected等 as可以指人或物 也可以指代整个句子 常用于如 such as as as thesame as 等结构中 ThisisnotsuchabookasIexpected Asanybodycansee thisroadislikeasnake ThisisthesamebookasIlost ThisisthesamebookthatIlost Pleasecompare 这本书和我丢的那本一模一样 这本书就是我丢的那本 thesameas与thesamethat的异同 从句中的关系代词as与which的区别 1 当先行词不是一个单词 而是整个主句时 一般既可以用which 又可用as 例 Hewasaforeigner aswhich Iknewfromhisaccent 从他的口音我就知道他是一个外国人 2 当主句是从句的原因时 多用which 例 Hechangedhismind whichmademeveryangry 他改变了想法 这一点使我很生气 which代替hechangedhismind在定语从句中作主语 也是使我生气的原因 3 在句首时 只能用as 不用which 例 Asweknow theearthisround 我们知道地球是圆的 4 在词组such as thesame as中 一般用as例 Youwouldn tmarrysuchamanasheis wouldyou 你不愿意嫁给他这样的人 是吗 Youmustshowmywifethesamerespectasyoushowme 你必须尊敬我的妻子 像尊敬我一样 关系代词that与which的区别 用that而不用which的情况 1 先行词为不定代词all much little everything anything nothing none few one any等IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou 2 先行词前有形容词最高级 序数词修饰时 用that ThisisthebestbookthatI veeverread ThisisthefirstthingthatIwanttosay 3 当先行词被theonly thevery thesame little few no any等修饰时 ItistheonlythingthatIliketodo 4 当先行词包含了指人和物两方面的含义时 Theytalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthattheyknewintheschool 用that而不用which的情况 5 在疑问词who which what开头的句子中Whoisthemanthatspoketoyouatthegate Whichisthestarthatisnearesttotheearth 用that而不用which的情况 1 在非限制性定语从句中2 关系代词前有介词时ThisistheroominwhichLuXunlived 3 先行词本身是thatTheclockisthatwhichtellsthetime 钟表是告诉人们时间的 用which而不用that的情况 引导非限制性定语从句时as与which的区别 as引导的从句可位于句首或句末 而which引导的从句 只可放在主句后面 Asanybodycansee thisroadislikeasnake Thisroadislikeasnake asanybodycansee Asas还有 正如 正象 之意 而which没有 AsEngelspointedout labourcreatedmanhimself Theclockstruckthirteen whichmadeeveryonelaugh 1 Hedidall everything hecouldtohelpme 2 Thisistheverything Iamafter 3 Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings werememberedatschool 4 Heistheonlyman candothework 5 Thisisthefirstthing Iwanttosay 6 Heisthefinestman Ihaveeverworkedwith 7 Whoistheman spoketoyouatthegate 8 Whichisthestar isnearesttotheearth that which that that that that that that that that that which whose whom 9 Isthereanythingelse youwanttosay 10 Anyperson hasthemoneycanjointhegroup 11 Heoftenspeakstheroleheplayedintheplay madeothersupset 12 Themanto Ispokeisafamousscientist 13 Theboy motherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfather that that which whom whose Exercises 在下列短文中分别填入where when why或that Iworkedinamachineryfactory Iworkedforthreeyears Theyear Iwas19yearsoldwasveryimportanttome Iwasadmittedtoacollege IlearnedEnglish Thereason IchosetolearnEnglishisquitesimple Ilikeit where when where why