动词的五种基本形式.doc

动词的五种基本形式动词主要用来表示动作、状态和性质，而动作和状态的发生具体的时间和表现方式，这就是英语中动词的时态。英语中动词的时态由动词的不同形式来表示。英语动词的五钟基本形式为：动词原形，第三人称单数，现在分词，过去分词和过去式。如：speak-speaks-speaking-spoke-spoken动词的五种基本形式变化表形式构成例词动词原形不带to 的动词不定式形式，也就是词典中一般给出的形式 be, have, do, learn第三人称单数形式在动词原形后加-s runs,likes以ch,sh,s,o,x结尾的动词后加- teach-teaches, wash-washes go-goes, pass-passes以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先将y变成i，再加-es study-studies, carry-carries以元音字母加结尾的动词后加-es stay-stays, play-plays现在分词在动词后加-ing read-reading, cook-cooking以不发音的结尾的e动词，去掉e再加-ing live-living, write-writing以重读闭音节结尾的词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母后再加-ing sit-sitting, begin-beginning少数几个以ie结尾的动词要变ie为y，再加-ing die-dying, lie-lying tie-tying过去式和过去分词(规则变化)动词原形加-ed work-worked以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,先将y变i再加-ed carry-carried, study-studied以e结尾的动词,直接加-d live-lived,以重读闭音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写该辅音字母后再加-ed stop-stopped, plan-planned巧记ABB型不规则动词(A代表原形, BB分别代表过去式和过去分词)原形特征过去式过去分词例词-eep-ept-ept keep, sweep, sleep-ell-old-old sell, tell-end-ent-ent lend, spend, send-ay-aid-aid say, pay-n-nt-nt burn, learn, mean-ought-ought bring, buy, fight, think-each-aught-aught catch, teach巧记ABC型不规则动词原形特征过去式过去分词例词-eak-oke-oken break, speak-eal-ole-olen steal-ear-ore-orn wear, bear, tear-ow-ew-own grow,blow,know,throw-i-a-u sink,swim,drink,ring, sing,begin-i-o-n drive, rise, ride, write巧记AAA型不规则动词击中、受伤、让、吐痰、去掉、花费、读、放、砍hit, hurt, let, spit, rid, cost, read, put, cut