初一英语一般现在时态讲解.doc

初一英语一般现在时态讲解一、 定义与讲解一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作或一般性事实。也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。通常与副词every day（每天），always（总是）,usually（通常）,often（经常）sometimes（有时）,等时间状语连用。例：（1）表示事物或人物的特征、状态。The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。Marys father is an English teacher. 玛丽的爸爸是一名英语老师。 （2）表示经常性或习惯性的动作。I go to school at seven every day.我每天六点去上学。She plays sports every day. 她每天都做运动。 （3）表示客观现实。The table has four legs.桌子有四条腿。There are 63 students in my class. 我们班有63个学生。（4）表示客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，等客观事实或格言谚语等。 The sun rises in the east every day.太阳每天从东方升起。The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。（5）表示平日的喜好。I like bananas. We dont like vegetables.He likes blue. She doesnt like strawberries.二、只有主语在第三人称单数时在陈述句里面实义动词用“三单形式”，其他人称（一，二，三复）用动词原形。e.g. I/ We like English very much. 我/我们非常喜欢英语。 She/ He/His sister likes English very much. 她/他/她的妹妹非常喜欢英语 动词三单形式的变化规则：1.（1）多数直接在动词词尾加-s. play plays like likes ask-asks work-works get-gets call-calls（2）以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es.watch-watches wash-washes do-does go-goes （3）以“辅音字母加 - y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es. try-tries study-studies cry-cries fly-flies2.不规则变化：be- is have-has 一般现在时态肯定句式： 分为含有be动词和实义动词的两种情况：一含有be 动词的一般现在时的句式：肯定句式：主语+be+表语( n./adj.等) e.g. He is a worker. 他是个老师 You are nine. 你9岁。 They are in the classroom. 他们在教室里面含有be动词一般现在时态的句子转换：（1）变一般疑问句：当句子中有be动词或情态动词时，则把be动词或情态动词(can,must等)提到句子的最前面，句末改问号。（口诀：变疑问并不难，be/情态动词提最前）; 一般疑问句句式：Be+主语+表语? e.g. He is a teacher. 他是个老师。一般疑问句 Is he a teacher? 他是个老师吗？Yes, he is./No, he isnt. 是的，他是。/不，他不是。 I am eight . 我8岁。一般疑问句 Are you eight? 你8岁了吗？Yes,I am./No, Im not. 是的，我是/ 不，不是。 They are in the classroom. 他们在教师里面。一般疑问句Are they in the classroom? 他们在教室里面吗？Yes, they are./ No, they arent. 是的，他们在/ 不，他们不在。4）I can play soccer. 我会踢足球。一般疑问句 Can you play soccer? 你会踢足球吗？Yes,I can./ No, I cant. 是的，我会/ 不，我不会。（2）变否定句：在be动词或情态动词后面直接加not变成否定句. (口诀：变否定最容易，not紧紧跟着be/情态动词) 否定句句式：主语+be+ not+表语：例： She is my sister. 她是我的妹妹。否定句 She is not my sister. 她不是我的妹妹。I can play soccer. 我会踢足球。否定句 I can not /cant play soccer. 我不会踢足球。 The students and their teacher are here. 学生和他们的老师都在这儿。否定句The students and their teacher arent here.学生和他们的老师都不在这儿。 注意：对一般疑问句的回答：一般用什么问就用什么来回答。例： Is she your friend? 她是你的朋友吗？ Yes, she is./ No, she isnt. 是的，她是/ 不， 她不是。但以下例外：Is this a pencil? Yes , it is./ No, it isnt. Is that your backpack? Yes , it is./ No, it isnt.Are these your parents? Yes, they are./ No, they arent.Are those Jims brothers? Yes, they are./ No, they arent.二当句子中没有be动词和情态动词，只含有实义动词时，句式如下：（1）肯定句： 主语（I/We/You/They/）+实义动词+其他 e.g. I know the girl. 我认识那个女孩。 They always ask the teacher questions. 他们总是问老师问题。 主语（He/She/It/）+实义动词三单形式+其他 e.g. Lucy plays sports every day. 露西每天都要运动。He watches TV every evening. 他每天晚上都看电视。(2)一般疑问句：变一般疑问句时，在主语前加助动词do或者does来变成一般疑问句； 当句子主语是I, we, you,以及复数时，句首加 do 。 当句子主语是第三人称单数she,he,it.等时，句首加 does 。注意：加了助动词does, 这时谓语动词要还原（用动词原形）；另外，句子末尾用问号。A. 主语是I/we/you/they/等时：疑问句式: Do+主语+动词原形+其他？e.g. I have two sisters and a brother.一般疑问句 Do you have two sisters and a brother.? Yes, I do./ No, I dont.e.g. The boys play soccer every day.一般疑问句Do the boys play soccer every day? Yes, they do./ No, they dont.B. 主语是he/she/it/等三单时：疑问句式： Does+主语+动词原形+其他？e.g. He/Mike/ My brother likes black schoolbags. 他/迈克/我的哥哥喜欢黑色的书包。Does he/Mike/ your brother like black schoolbags? 他/迈克/我的哥哥喜欢黑色的书包吗？ Yes, he does./ No, he doesnt. 是的，他喜欢 / 不，他不喜欢。 She/ Gina / Our English teacher goes to school by bus. 她/吉娜/我们的英语老师坐公共汽车去学校。Does she/ Gina/ your English teacher go to school by bus? 她/吉娜/我们的英语老师坐公共汽车去学校吗？ Yes, she does./ No, she doesnt. 是的，她是/ 不，她不是。（3）否定句：变否定句时，在主语后谓语动词前加助动词dont或者doesnt变成否定句，切记：助动词后的动词还原成动词原形。 当句子主语是I, we, you,以及复数时，加dont构成否定句。当句子主语是第三人称单数she,he,it等时，加doesnt构成否定句。e.g 陈述句：We go to school at 7:00 every morning. 我每天早上7点去上学否定句We dont go to school at 7:00 every morning. 我每天不是7点去上学陈述句：She has a brother. 她有个哥哥。否定句 She doesnt have a brother. 她没有哥哥。 在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s/-es/变y为i+es.（注意：只在肯定句/陈述句里面动词用三单形式，在其它所有句型里动词都用原形）。但有些同学们对于哪些主语是第三人称单数还不十分清楚，现归纳总结如下： 一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如： He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。 二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如： Han Mei likes salsd . 韩梅喜欢萨拉。 Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。 Uncle Wang often plays volleyball. 王叔叔经常打排球。 三、单数可数名词或this / that / the+单数可数名词作主语时，是第三人称单数。如： This book is yours. 这本书是你的。 That car is red. The cat is Lucys. 这只猫是露茜的。 四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that作主语时，是第三人称单数。Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。 There is a watch on the table. 桌上有块手表。 This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。That is an eraser.五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如： The milk（牛奶） is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。 The bread is very small. 那面包很小。 六、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如： 6 is a lucky number. 6是个吉利数字。I is a letter. I是个字母。 一般现在时用法专练:巩固练习题：一用Be动词填空。 be动词口诀：I 用am， you 用 are， is连着 he /she /it，单数名词用is，复数名词都用are1. Are you _ Li Fen ? No, I _ not . 2. _ Mr. Green very good ? Yes , he _ . 3.These books _ very interesting . 4. What class _ you in ? 5. You and I _ good friends . 6. The basketball club _ fun .二. 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。 have like drink _ go _ stay _ make_ look_ have_ come_ watch_ ask _ fly _ do_ study_ teach_sound_ let _ wash _ carry _ play_三用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. I _(have) two sisters and my mother _(have) only one brother.2. Miss Xie _(have ) a brown bag and two red jackets.3. We _ (like) our English teacher.4. Tom _ ( go) to school at 7o clock.5. Li Song _(watch) TV at home.6. You and I_ (play ) volleyball every day.7. That _( sound) interesting.8. My father _ (let) me get the baseball bats.9. Those girls _(ask) the teacher for it.10. Aunt Jenny _(do) housework(家务) every day.三 按照要求改写句子 1This is my pencil ? (变一般疑问句) your pencil ? Yes, _ _.2. These red hats are Kates . (一般疑问句) hats Kates ? No, _ _.3. Mary hasbooks . (变一般疑问句) Mary _ books ? 4. She likes the black bag very much . (变一般疑问句) she the black bag very much? No, she _. 5. I like apples. (变一般疑问句) you apples ? 6. Its an English dictionary . (变一般疑问句) English dictionary?7. He has a computer and a modile plane . (变一般疑问句) he a computer and a modile plane? Yes, he _四、按照要求改写句子1. She is a good student. ( 改为否定句)She _ a _student. 2. We play tennis every day. ( 改为否定句)We_ _ _ every day.3. The students like the teacher . (改为否定句) The students _ _ the teacher.4. Simon and Daniel have a ping-pong bat .(改为否定句)Simon and Daniel _ _ a ping-pong bat5. She has some white baseballs . ( 改为否定句)She _ _ any white baseballs 6. Miss Xie teaches us Chinese. ( 改为否定句) Miss Xie _ _ _ us Chinese 7. Her sister watches TV every evening. (改为否定句)Her sister _ _ TV every evening.8. John plays basketball after school every afternoon .(改为否定句)John _ _ basketball after school every afternoon一般现在时态句型转换（七年级上册unit1-5）1. This is a white key. (对画线部分进行提问) 2. Bens bag is yellow and red . (对画线部分进行提问) 3. Her name is Gina. (对画线部分进行提问) 4. My phone number is 673-8220. (对画线部分进行提问) 5. The boy is Jack. (对画线部分进行提问) 6. The picture is on the wall. (对画线部分进行提问) 7. The balls are in the bookcase. (对画线部分进行提问) 8. He is Johnny. (改为一般疑问句) 9. The baseballs are under the bed. (改为一般疑问句) 10. He has a tennis racket. (改为一般疑问句) 11. I have some baseball bats. (改为一般疑问句) 12. I like oranges. (改为一般疑问句) 13. My English teacher is fine. (改为同义句) 14. She is Tina. (改为否定句) 15. Tom and Mike are my good friends. (改为否定句) 16. She has a computer game. (改为否定句) 17. We have a big TV in our room. (改为否定句) 18. Im fine. (写出问句) 19. Nice to meet you! (写出答语) 20. Is that a dictionary ?(改为复数句) 21. These are oranges. (改为单数句) 22. Is he your cousin? (作肯定回答) 23. Is Linda his sister? (作否定回答) 24. Is this a Chinese book? (作否定回答) 25. Those are English dictionaries. (改为单数句) 26. Are the chairs under the table ?(作否定回答) 27. They are on the sofa .( 改为单数句子) 28. Are your pens in the pencil case ? （作否定回答） 29. These are books .(改为单数句子) 30. Do you have a baseball? (作否定回答) 31. Does he play sports every day ?(作肯定回答) 32. You have a computer game. (用第三人称he作主语)