资源描述
V-ing形式的基本用法（1）作主语：Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。Talking is easier than doing. ing作主语时，如果其结构较长，可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的-ing后置。如：It isnt much good writing to them again. Its no use waiting here.（2）作表语：Her job is washing and cooking. My hobby is collecting stamps.（3）作宾语：作及物动词的宾语。She likes drawing very much.；作某些短语动词的宾语。 Mary is thinking of going back to New York.； do+限定词（my, some, any, the等）+ -ing，表示“做事”之意，如：We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon. Will you do any shopping on Saturday this afternoon? 作介词的宾语：Her sister is good at learning physics.；作形容词worth, busy等的宾语：This book is well worth reading. ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时，要用it作为形式宾语，而将作宾语的-ing后置，如：We found it no good talking like that. Do you think it necessary trying again?（4）作定语：The sleeping child is only five years old. Do you know the man standing at the gate? 注：-ing形式作定语用时，如果-ing只是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是-ing短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后，-ing作定语时，被-ing所修饰的名词就是该-ing的逻辑主语。另外，-ing作定语用时，其动作和句子谓语动词所表示的动作是同时进行的，如果不是同时进行的，就不能用-ing作定语，要使用定语从句，如：The girl who wrote a letter there yesterday can speak English very well.（5）作宾语补足语：We can see steam rising from the wet clothes. 注：当-ing在复合宾语中作宾语补足语用时，句中宾语就是这个-ing的逻辑主语，可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see, watch, hear, observe, feel, find, have, keep等。（6）作状语：时间状语：Seeing Tom, I couldnt help thinking of his brother. 分词在句中作时间状语时，其前一般可加when或while，如：When crossing street, you must be careful. 原因状语：Being ill, he didnt go to school yesterday. 方式或伴随状语：Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty. 3、主动语态-ing完成式的基本用法。主动语态-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用。句中的主语是它的逻辑主语，并且是它所表示的动作的执行者，如：Having answered the letter, she went on to read an English novel.4、被动语态-ing一般式的基本用法。被动语态-ing一般式所表示的动作是一个正在进行中的被动动作，而且这个被动动作也是和句中谓语所表示的动作同时发生的。它一般在句中作定语或状语用。如：The truck being repaired there is ours.5、被动语态-ing完成式的基本用法。被动语态-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，在句中一般作状语用。如：Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.6、-ing形式的复合结构。在-ing前加物主代词或名词所有格即构成-ing的复合结构。其中的物主代词或名词所有格为-ing的逻辑主语。这种结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，如：Your smoking and drinking too much will do harm to your health. 但在口语中，这种结构如作宾语用，其中的物主代词常用人称代词的宾格，名词的所有格常用名词的普通格代替，如：She insisted on Peters (or Peter)going there first.7、-ing形式与动词不定式在句中作主语、表语、宾语时的区别。一般说来，表示一个比较抽象或泛指的动作时多用-ing形式。表示一个具体某一次的动作时，多用动词不定式，如：Our job is making steel. She likes playing the piano, but she doesnt want to play it today.8、-ing形式与动词不定式在句中作定语的区别。-ing形式作定语用时，其动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动词同时发生，而动词不定式作定语时，其动作一般发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之后。如：The girl writing a letter there can speak English very well./I have three letters to write.9、-ing形式与动词不定式在作宾语补足语时的区别。（1）不定式作宾补时，其动作一般发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后，如：I have told them to come again tomorrow.（2）在see, watch, hear, feel等之后，如果用-ing形式作宾补，表示其动作正在进行中，而用不带to的不定式作宾补时，不定式所表示的动作是一个动作的过程，如：I hear her singing in the room.我听见她正在屋里唱歌。 I hear her sing in the room.我听见她在屋里唱过歌。10、-ing形式与动词不定式在句中作状语的区别。-ing形式在句作状语表示时间、原因、方式或伴随情况，而动词不定式一般式在句中作状语时，一般是作目的或结果状语，如：Not receiving his letter, I wrote to him again./ I looked into the window to see what was going on inside.后面可跟动词的ing形式的情况1.动词： finish doing sth.完成做某事；enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事；practice doing sth. 练习做某事；imagine doing,想象做某事；avoid doing sth.避免做某事；consider doing sth.考虑做某事；suggest doing sth.建议做某事；mind doing sth.介意做某事； keep doing sth.持续做某事2.固定短语： feel like doing sth.喜欢做某事；be busy doing sth.忙于做某事；be worth doing 值得做某事；spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间（金钱）做某事； have difficulty /trouble in doing sth做某事有困难；have fun doing.做某事高兴3.介词后(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by等)如：be good at doing sth.；thank you for doing sth.；give up doing sth.；stop sb. from doing sth.；do well in doing sth.；be afraid of doing sth.；be interested in doing sth.；be proud of；instead of；be fond of;prevent sb. from doing4.to做介词，后跟ing的词组look forward to doing sth期望做某事； prefer doing sth. to doing sth与相比较更喜欢； pay attention to doing注意做某事； be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；make a contribution to为做贡献be accustomed to do/doing习惯于be used to 习惯于Im used to living in the city. 我习惯于生活在城市。devote to致力于He devotes himself to teaching. 他致力于教学事业。lead to导致Smoking cigarettes leads to getting lung disease. 吸烟导致肺病。look forward to盼望We look forward to meeting you again. 我们盼望再次见到你。pay attention to集中精力We must pay attention to listening to the teacher in the classroom. 在课堂上，我们必须集中精力听老师讲课。stick to坚持We should stick to telling truth. 我们应该坚持说实话。object to 反对I object to smoking. 我反对吸烟。Multiple choices:1.No one enjoys _ at.A. laughingB. to laughC. being laughedD. to be laughed 2.You must do something to prevent your house_ .A. to be broken in B. from being broken inC. to break inD. from breaking in 3.They insisted on _another chance to try.A. givenB. givingC. being givenD. to be given4.Where is my passport? I remember_it here.You shouldnt have left it here. Remember_ it with you all the time.A. to put；to takeB. putting；takingC. putting；to take D. to put；taking5.His room needs _ , so he must have it_.A. painting； painted B. painted； paintingC. painting； painting D. painted； painted 6.The young trees we planted last week require _with great care.A. looking after B. to look afterC. to be looked after D .taken good care of 7. A policeman saw two thieves _ a girls mobile phone on a bus and he caught them at once. A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen8.She returned home only to find the door open and something _.A. missedB. to be missing C. missingD. to be missed 9.She decided to devote herself _the problem of old age.A. to study B. studying C. to studying D. study 10.It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car. A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repaired11.Its no good _ over split milk.A. to cry B. crying C. cried D. cry12. Have you forgotten _$1000 from me last month? Will you please remember _ it tomorrow? A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing D. borrowing ; bringing13. The classroom wants _. A. clean B. cleaned C .to clean D. cleaning14. Jack said that he wouldnt mind _ for us. A. to wait B. wait C. waiting D. waited15. My brother keeps _ me with my work. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped16.We should often practise _ English with each other. A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking17.Keep on _ and you will succeed. A. a try B. try C. triing D. trying18.His parents insist on _ to college.A. he should go B. he go C. his going D. him to go19.The story was so funny that we _. A. couldnt help laugh B. cant but laugh C. couldnt help laughing D. couldnt help but to laugh20.What about _ to the concert with us ? A. we go B. we going C. going D. to go21._ clean is a safeguard against disease. A. To be keeping B. Kept C. Keep D. Keeping22.Seeing is _. A. to believe B. believing C. believed D. being believed23.The scientist suggested _ the experiment in a different way. A. do B. to do C. doing D. done24Dont forget _ this book to John when you see him.A. to return B. returningC. return D. to returning25Only one of these books is _.A. worth to read B. worth being read C. worth of reading D. worth reading26We are both looking forward to _ next week.A. going on vacation B. go on vacationC. be going on vacationD. have gone on vacation27He had no difficulty _ the problems.A. working outB. having worked outC. to have worked outD. to work out28I regretted _ that to her.A. having said B. to have saidC. to say D. /29. The secretary worked late into the night , _ a long speech for the president . A. to prepareB. preparingC. preparedD. was preparing30. Dont have the machine _ all the time . It will go wrong . A. to runB. running C. been run D. run31. The food was delicious . That was a _ meal . A. satisfyingB. satisfiedC. satisfaction D. satisfy32. Look around when _ the street . A. acrossB. crossingC. crossedD. to be crossing33. In the morning she found her father _ in bed , dead . A. lyingB. lieC. layD. laying34. I saw him _ into your room when you were not in. A. gone B. going C. wentD. to go 35. Please keep quiet. Father is busy _. A. work B. to work C. workingD. works36. Sally had no pen _ yesterday morning. A. to write B. to write with C. writing D. writing with37. Its time for class. Stop _, please. A. to talk B. talk C. talksD. talking 38. You should work tonight instead of _ TV. A. to watchB. watchingC. to watchingD. watched 39. Listen! Can you hear the girl _ the piano in the next room? A. to playB. play C. playingD. plays40. Mr. Wang came into the office without _ the door. A. knockB. knocking at C. to knock atD. knocking to 41. I was fortunate to pick up a wallet _ on the ground on the way back home, but unfortunately for me, I found my color TV set _when I got home. A. lying; stolen B. laying; stealing C. lay; stolen D. lying; stealing42 Did you hear her _ this pop song this time the other day?-Yes, and I heard this song _ in English. A. sing; singing B. sung; sung C. sung; singing D. singing; sung43. On my way home; I saw a thief _ money from a lady by the police. A. being caught B. having caught C. caught stealing D. have caught to stealing44China is a_ country. A. developed B. developing C. to develop D. develops45. _ a new pair of glasses, she can read easily. A. to wear B. worn C. wear D. wearing46.The story is _. A. interest B. interested C. interesting D. to interest47. Damin sits on the side of the river, _ the meal for himself. A. cooked B. cooks C. to cook D. cooking48.The entertainment building _ will be completed next year. A. being built B. built C. be built D. to build填入动词的适当形式1.Can you imagine yourself _in a lonely island? (stay) 2.I cant understand your _at that poor child.(laugh) 3.She didnt mind _overtime.(work) 4.To make a living, he tried _, _,and various other things, but he had failed in all .(write; paint) 5.We are looking forward to Marys_. (come) .6.She was praised for _ the life of the child.(save) 7.She ought to be praised instead of _ (criticize). 8.Is there any possibility of our _the championship?(win) 9.He came to the party without _(invite) 10. Dont keep me _(wait) for a long time.11. Knives are used for _(cut) things.12. Can you finish _(read) the book in three days?13. The doctor was busy _(operate) on the boy at that time.14. Stop _(talk) and listen to me carefully.15. Thank you very much for _(help) us.16. Granny is very ill and she doesnt feel like _(eat) anything.17. The girl enjoys _(listen) to light music.18. Do you remember _(buy) me a beautiful skirt on my 13th birthday19. We couldnt help _(laugh) after we heard the funny story.20. What about _(go) out for a walk?
展开阅读全文