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情态动词一、情态动词的定义：情态动词有词义，但它不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化；它的后面必须跟动词原形。二、小学阶段常见的情态动词：情态动词词义否定形式词义can能够，会cant不能，不会could能够，会couldnt不能，不会may可以must必须mustnt 不允许，不能shall将，要should应该shouldnt不应该will将会wont 不会would将会，愿wouldnt不会，不愿三用法特点 它们必须与其他动词连用，即：肯定：情态动词动词原形：He can swim.否定：情态动词+not+动词原形：He can not(cant)swim.一般疑问句：把情态动词提前：Can he swim?Yes,he can./No,he cant.表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即第三人称单数不加-s，有些情态动词有时态的变化 在意义上，情态动词具有“多义性”。例：can既可表示能力，又可表示可能、允许等意义。四、情态动词的用法及主要句型：1、Can I help you? Yes, please. / No, thanks.2、Can + 主语 + 动词原形? Yes, can. No, cant.3、Can I borrow（借用） your book?-Yes,of course.4、Can I write on the book? -No, you cantmustnt. 5、Could Can you help me?- Yes,of course.Certainly. Sure. 6、Could Can you tell me the way to the zoo?7、May I come in ?- Come in, please.8、May I sit here?- Yes, please.Sorry, please dont.9、May I have some Coke?- Yes, of course.10、May/ Could / Can I speak to Tom? -Speaking. Whos calling?11、should 、shouldnt 表示劝告：1) He should get up early. 2) She shouldnt play computer game too much.12、Should +主语 +动词原形? Yes, should. No, shouldnt.13、表示建议“你愿意吗”Would you like to go shopping with me? -Yes, Id love to. /Id love to. But Im busy now.14、就餐用语Would you like something to eatdrink? -Yes, Id like15、shall用于第一人称(I, we), 可以表示“将”和表示建议 “好吗?” 1) Where shall we have dinner?2) Shall we go fishing? -All right. OK. Good idea.16、Must + 主语 + 动词原形? -Yes, must.No, neednt. 情态动词练习一按照要求改写句子1.I can run fast. I _ _ fast. (否定句)2.You must return the book now.（一般疑问句） _ I return the book now? No, you _.3. He can play basketball well. （一般疑问句） _ he _ basketball well?4. They must take the books out of the room. （否定句） They _ _ the books out of the room. 5.He should get up early.(否定句) He _ get up late. 6. Daniel must watch TV every evening.(改为否定句)_7. I cant do my homework every day.(改为肯定句)_8. Youll need your book and pen.(改为否定句)_9.We shall like playing computer games.(翻译句子)_10. She should go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_11. He can speak English very well.(翻译句子)_12. Would you like to drink coffee?(肯定回答)_13.She can walk quickly. (否定句) 14. They can paint the wall well. （一般疑问句）_15. Tom must carry the box into the room. （否定句） _16.She should reach the station early.(否定句) _ 二 单项选择。（）1. you like some milk ? A .Would B.Could C .Can（）2.We pick the flower in the park. A.cant B.dont C.mustnt ( ) 3.We should more trees, and we shouldnt cut any trees. A.plant B.planting C.plants ( ) 4.May I have some coffee? A.Yes,you have. B.Yes,you can. C.Yes,certainly. ( ) 5.Shall we visit the factory? A.Yes,we do. B.Yes, we shall. B.All right. ( ) 6.Would you like something to eat? A.Yes,we would. B.Yes, Id like some cakes. C.Yes, of course. ( ) 7.What can I do for you? A.Yes,you can. B.No,I can do it. C. Yes.Id like some oranges.（）8. you like some bread ? A .Would B.Could C .Can（）9.We throw the waste in the zoo.A.arent B.dont C.mustnt A.Yes,you have. B.Yes,you can. C.Yes,certainly. ( ) 11.Would you like some tea? A.Yes,thank you. B.Yes, please. B. No, here you are. ( ) 12.Can I help you? A.Yes,you can. B.No,I can do it. C.Yes.Id like some oranges. ( ) 13. May I your eraser ? A use B has C using( ) 14. Can she high? A jumps B jumping C jump( ) 15. What should Amy for her mum? A buys B buying C buy( ) 16. They may in the libtary. A read B reading C reads( ) 17. I would like shopping with you. A going B to go C go( ) 18. What will Zhou Lin ? A do B doing C does( ) 20. They must . A friendly B are friendly C be friendly
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