《A班护理inj》PPT课件.ppt

InjectionprinciplesInjectionequipmentInjectionmethods1 Medicationextraction2 Intradermicinjection3 Hypodermicinjection4 Intramuscularinjection5 Intravenousinjection Unit2Injections ThreeLabelCheck SevenRights InjectionPrinciples注射原则 三查七对 ThreeLabelCheck三查 ChecklabelbeforedemonstratingprocedureChecklabelduringadminstratingmedicationChecklabelafterinjection InjectionPrinciples注射原则 操作前 中 后查 SevenRights七对 RightbednumberRightnameRightmedicationRightconcentrationRightdoseRightrouteRighttime InjectionPrinciples注射原则 指查对床号 姓名 药名 浓度 剂量 用法 时间 2 Disinfecttheskinovertheinjectionsite Usingswabswithasepticsolutiontosterilizetheskininacircularmotionfromthecenteroutward withthediameterabove5cm Rationale Noareashouldbeomitted Nobackward 3 Selectappropriateinjectionsite 选择合适的注射部位1 Siteshouldbeawayfromnerves bones andbloodvessels 避开神经 血管 骨隆突处 2 Theskinsurfaceofthesiteshouldbefreeofinflammation bruises nodulesandscars 避开炎症 损伤 硬结 瘢痕处 3 Fortheclientwithlongperiodofinjection thenurseshouldchangethesitefrequentlytoprotecttissue 长期注射病人应经常更换注射部位 InjectionPrinciples 4 Expelallairbubblesinthesyringebeforeinjection 进针前排气5 Observeforflashbackofbloodafterinjection 进针后检查有无回血6 Insertneedleatappropriatedepthandangle 掌握合适的进针深度和角度 InjectionPrinciples 7 Administratepainlesstechnique 运用无痛技术1 Explaintheprocedureandcomforttheclienttominimizeanxietyandpromoteunderstandingandcooperation 2 Diverttheclient sattentionfromtheinjectionthroughconversation 3 Assisttheclienttotakeanappropriatepositiontomakethelocalmusclesrelaxandreducethediscomfortoftheclient 4 Makeskintautduringinsertingtheneedle 5 Insertandwithdrawtheneedlequickly Injectthemedicationslowlyandsteadily Thatiscalled twoquicksandoneslow andislesspainful 6 Asinjectingseveralmedicationssimultaneously injectlessirritatingmedicationfirstandmoreirritatingmedicationssecond InjectionPrinciples 8 Disposeofusedequipment 使用过的一次性注射器 针头应妥善处理1 Properdisposalofvialsandusedneedlesandsyringesisveryimportant 2 Theyshouldneverbereused 3 Donotreplacetheneedlecapafterinjection 4 Needlesmustalwaysbediscardedinapunctureresistantcontainer InjectionPrinciples 1 Crossmethod drawahorizontallinefromthetopofglutealclefttoleftorrightside thendrawaverticallinefromthevertexofiliaccrest Thebuttockisdividedintofourquadrants Theupperouterquadrant innercornerexcluded canbeusedforinjection 十字法 从臀裂顶点向外侧作一水平线 然后从髂嵴最高点作一垂直平分线 将臀部分为四个象限 其外上象限为注射区 注意避开内角 2 Linemethod drawalinefromanteriorsuperioriliacspinetococcyx Theupperouter1 3areacanbeusedforinjection 联线法 取髂前上棘和尾骨联线的外上1 3处为注射部位 Thedorsoglutealsiteforintramuscularinjection Theventroglutealsiteforintramuscularinjection臀中 小肌注射区域定位方法 1 Trianglemethod Theventroglutealsiteislocatedbyplacingtheindexfingertowardtheanteriorsuperioriliacspine themiddlefingertowardloweredgeoftheiliaccrest Atriangleareaformsbytheiliaccrest theindexfinger andthemiddlefinger Itisinjectionsite 构角法 以食指尖 中指尖分别置于髂前上棘和髂嵴下缘处 这样髂嵴 食指 中指便构成一个三角形区域 此区域即为注射部位 2 Threefingersmethod thesiteisinlateralareaofanteriorsuperioriliacspine Thewidthis3fingerbreadths client sfingers 三指法 髂前上棘外侧三横指处 以病人自己手指宽度为标准 Thedeltoidsiteforintramuscularinjection三角肌肌内注射部位 2 3fingerbreadthsbelowtheacromionprocessonthelateralmidlineofthearm上臂外侧 肩峰下2 3横指处 Thevastuslateralissiteforintramuscularinjection股外侧肌肌内注射部位 Procedure Preparemedication Takeequipmenttoclient sroom Check Explain Selectsite assumeposition Washhands wearmask CleanseareawithAnerdianswabCheckmedication Takeaswab Expelair Makeskintaut Callclient sname Insert1 2 2 3oftheneedleata90 angleFixsyringe Pullbackplunger Nobloodreturns injectmedicationWithdrawneedle HoldpressureonthesiteforamomentGetequipmentback Washhands Check Instructclient Preparation Inserting Arrangement Withdrawing Injecting 皮内注射法 Intradermicinjection ID Purposesandinjectionsites Firststepoftopicalanaesthesia局部麻醉的起始步骤 Inserting 进针 90 5 1 2 2 3oftheneedle Bevelofneedle Quick Slow No Neednot 皮内注射操作主要不同点 1 用物2 问过敏史3 消毒禁碘4 进针手法 5 勿抽回血 拔针勿按6 交代7 守侯15 20 观察结果并记录 皮下注射法 Hypodermicinjection H Hypodermicinjectionsites Areaaroundtheendofdeltoid Lateralaspectsofupperarm Abdomen avoidumbilicusarea Scapularandwaistareaofback Frontandsideofthigh 三角肌下缘上臂外侧腹部 避开肚脐 后背 肩胛和腰部 大腿前外侧 静脉注射法 Intravenousinjection IV Venipuncturesites Veinshouldbesuperficial andlargeenoughforneedleinsertionandadvancement 选择浅表的 粗直 能使得针头刺入并前行固定 的静脉 Distalendofveinshouldbeselectedfirst reservingmoreproximalsitesforfutureIVtherapy 为保护血管 要有计划地自远心端向近心端选择 Veinsincommonuse Venipuncturesites Dorsalvein Basilicvein Cephalicvein Mediancubitalvein Equipment 操作要点 止血带的使用 一人一条注射点上6cm末端向上松紧适宜 1 2 3 20 30 进皮 5 15 进血管 进血管后再平行推进0 5 1cm StepsofIVInsertingIV进针手法分解动作 Procedure distendveinfixveininsertneedle releasetourniquetandfistinjectmedicationwithdrawneedle A C B