2019高考英语一轮复习：阅读理解选练（含解析）+高三作文：走过 路过

2019 高考英语一轮复习：阅读理解选练（含解析）+高三作文：走过 路过2019 高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（1）APollutions great effects on the environment have become more obvious in recent years, leading to a movement to promote energy efficiency（效率）,less reliance on fossil（化石) fuels, and a reduction in air and water pollution. Most scientists agree that such changes are necessary to protect our environment from further harm.The construction industry consumes a large quantity of energy and resources and creates a huge amount of pollution. In the United States, building and development account for 39% of the countrys total energy use, 12% of total water consumption,68% of total electricity consumption and 38% of carbon dioxide emissions（二氧化碳排放）, according to the Environment Protection Agency.Green buildings use less energy, water, create less waste, and are healthier to live, work, and go to school in than standard buildings. Builders of green buildings use techniques that use resources more efficiently during the entire building cycleconstruction, restoration, operation, maintenance（维护）and demolition（拆毁） than those who construct more regular buildings.The environmental benefits of building green include the protection of ecosystems（生态系统）and biodiversity, improved air and water quality, less waste flowing into streams, and the protection of natural resources. Green buildings can also result in lower operating costs because they typically use less energy and fewer materials and improve indoor air quality, improving the health of people who live in such buildings.The process of building green includes technical and artistic planning with nature protection in mind. Building designs often reflect the surrounding environment and natural resources and use renewable building materials such as bamboo and straw. In addition, recycled resources found locally are used for green buildings, reducing the cost and air pollution associated with transporting materials over long distances.Careful site selection is important to minimize（最小化）human impact on the surrounding environment. For example, placing a structure in an area that allows it to take advantage of cool breezes（微风）and sunlight can reduce energy use and expenses. More energy and expense are needed for larger buildings as well, so it is important to build small.Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and cost. These roofs are partly or completely covered with plants, which helps to keep heating and cooling costs, prevent water running off and deal with pollutants.Other features of green buildings often include energy and water conservation, recycling, and waste reduction. In addition, renewable energy sources such as solar power, hydropower（水能）and wind power are used for heat and electricity, which greatly reduces costs and decreases the impact on the environment.1.What is the text mainly about?A. The necessity of promoting energy efficiency.B. The process of building green buildings.C. The benefits and features of green buildings.D. Green buildings effects on the environment.2.According to the text, green buildings refer to the buildings that_.A. produce no wasteB. only use clean energyC. are made of recycled materialsD. use energy and resources more efficiently3.Which of the following statements is TRUE about green buildings?A. They rely on fossil fuels and solar power for heat and electricity.B. Small buildings are less efficient in energy use than larger ones.C. The ecosystem has to be considered when building a green building.D. They are difficult to maintain and thus need more operating costs.4.Why are green roofs used ?A. They fit the surrounding environment wellB. They are cheaper than other kinds of roofsC. They can keep natural water for use in everyday lifeD. They can help to control the temperature in the building well【文章大意】在本文中作者主要分析了 green building 的诸多好处和对环境的巨大的保护作用，呼吁人们多建设这样的绿色的建筑。1.C 【解析】主旨大意题。本文第三段中 Green buildings use less energy, water, create less waste, and are healthier to live, work, or go to school in than standard buildings. Green buildings use resources more properly during the entire building cycle than traditional building.和倒数第二段第一句 Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and cost.倒数第一段第一句 Other features of green buildings often include energy and water conservation, recycling, and waste reduction.可知本文主要讲述的是Green buildings 的很多的好处和特征。故 C 正确。3.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句 The environmental benefits of building green include the protection of ecosystems（生态系统）and biodiversity, improved air and water quality, less waste flowing into streams, and the protection of natural resources.由此可知，建造绿色建筑时必须考虑生态系统。故选 C。4.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 These roofs are partly or completely covered with plants, which helps to keep heating and cooling costs, prevent water running off and deal with pollutants.可知，他们可以帮助控制大楼里的温度。故选 D。BMany people rush_into_the_commitment_of_bringing_home_a_four-legged_family_member，only to find out that they are not ready for a pet.This often results in the dog being turned over to a shelter where it may not find another home.This can be avoided if potential pet owners take the time to figure out if they are truly ready for the responsibilities of pet ownership.Being a responsible pet owner involves a financial commitment that goes beyond buying dog food.There are also parasite(寄生虫)prevention，boarding costs while traveling and the cost to care for the pet should it become ill or injured.That is not to say that one must be rich in order to have a dog，but it is important to be prepared for the expenses that come with being a pet owner.Another consideration is the time commitment.An owner away from home for 14 hours every day is not an ideal situation for a dog.A potential dog owner must also consider the time it takes to care for his or her pet，the time it takes to feed，walk，play with，bathe and clean up.Also，dogs require attention.Be prepared to spend time each day petting and playing with it.Dogs are dogs，and will act like dogs.This includes barking，digging，having accidents in the house and，possibly，destroying some of the owners prized possessions，such as furniture，shoes and cell phones.If the above would cause an owner to want to get rid of the dog，then he or she is not yet ready to be a pet owner.Many wonderful pets end up in shelters simply because they acted like dogs!1Who might be qualified to be a dog owner，according to the text?AKari，a teacher who works eight hours a day.BJim，who has a daughter sensitive to dogs smell.CDick，a jobless teenager who can hardly pay his rent.DSteven，a business man who travels a lot on business.2To be a responsible dog owner you need to do all the following EXCEPT _Abuying dog food and feeding itBtaking it to hospital when necessaryCspending time each day playing with itDfinding a shelter for it when you are bored with it3What does the underlined part in the first paragraph probably mean?ARush to adopt a dog formally.BCommit to buy a dog and take it home.CRun into a pet shelter and take one home so quickly.DDecide to be a pet owner without thinking about it carefully.4What might be the best title for the text?ADogs Are DogsBReady for a Pet?CHave Time for a Dog?DPets Are Family Members【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。如果想领养宠物需要先做好思想准备，需要在经济上和时间上对宠物有所付出，从而做一位负责任的宠物主人。1解析：选 A。推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“An owner away from home for 14 hours every day is not an ideal situation for a dog.”并结合选项可知，作为老师的 Kari 每天工作八小时，有充分的时间照顾狗，因此他(她)可能有资格成为狗的主人。故选 A。2解析：选 D。细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“This often results in the dog being turned over to a shelter where it may not find another home.This can be avoided if potential pet owners take the time to figure out if they are truly ready for the responsibilities of pet ownership.”可知，当你把狗带回家却没有做好准备照顾它时，这只能导致它被移交到一个庇护所去，这不是一个负责任的主人应做的事。故选 D。3解析：选 D。句意理解题。根据第一段画线部分后的“only to find out that they are not ready for a pet”可知，许多人发现他们并没有为宠物做好准备，由此结合选项可推知，许多人决定成为宠物的主人没有经过认真考虑。故选 D。4解析：选 B。标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句中“if they are truly ready for the responsibilities of pet ownership”，并结合下文可知，文章主要谈的是想要饲养宠物前你是否做好了准备，因此“Ready for a Pet？”可作为最佳标题。故选 B。CIn business, there is a speed difference: Its the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy（策略）and how fast the company actually moves. The difference is important regardless of industry and company size .Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that choose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track, Whats more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up “improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-year period.How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought differently about what “slower” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ).Simply increasing the speed of production, for example ,may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference .But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.In our study, higher-performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, stuck to tested methods, didnt develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore , are more successful in meeting their business goals . That kind of strategy must come from the top.( ) 1. What does the underlined part “gain an edge” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Increase the speed. B. Get an advantage. C. Reach the limit. D. Set a goal.( ) 2. The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means _. A. spending more time and performing worse.B. spending more time and performing betterC. spending less time and performing worse D. spending less time and performing better ( ) 3. What can we learn from the text? A. how fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.B. how competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.C. Firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.D. Firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.( ) 4. Which could be the best title for the text? A. Improve quality? Serve better. B. Deliver value? Plough ahead.C. Reduce time? Move faster. D. Need speed? Slow down.【参考答案】1-4、BDCDD(2015河北七校高三联合考试)Name：Off the Beaten PathCover price: $30.00Our price: $19.80The Readers Digest travel book has 40% new contents including over 200 new sites，over 200 new fullcolor photographs，and all new，up todate maps.It spotlights over 1，000 of the United States most overlooked mustsee destinations.Name：Container Gardens by NumberCover price: $15.95Our price: $9.49A unique book contains 50 easytofollow container designs.Each design provides a simple numbered planting plan that shows exactly how to create each display，with an instruction of the finished planter and indepth(深入的)plant information.The plans are easy to follow and for any type of living space or garden.Name：Best Weekend ProjectsCover price: $17.95Our price: $13.96Choose from 80 unique ideas to create an extraordinary living space.The projects are practical，as well as attractive，and will improve your home and yard and can be made in a weekend.These 80 welldesigned projects are presented in a clear，easy tofollow style that addresses readers in an accessible，user friendly tone.Name：1801 Home RemediesCover price: $40.00Our price: $29.96Plenty of health complaints can be handled at home.Each and every remedy will be tested by a doctor to make sure it is safe and sound.Dozens of conditions are covered，from headaches，sunburn，bad breath，blisters(水泡)，allergies，to hiccups(打嗝)1You can most probably read the passage in a _Areference bookBtravel guideCnewspaperDtextbook2What makes Off the Beaten Path different from other books?AIt is the most popular book.BIt doesnt offer a discount.CIt contains colorful pictures.DIt focuses on peoples daily life.3Which book offers the biggest discount?AOff the Beaten Path.B1801 Home Remedies.CBest Weekend Projects.DContainer Gardens by Number.【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了四本实用的书。1解析：选 C。文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了四本实用的书，只有报纸较全面，故选 C 项。2解析：选 C。细节理解题。根据文章对第一本书的介绍可知，该书中有 200 多个新的景点，200 多幅新的彩色照片和最新的地图，故选 C 项。3解析：选 D。细节理解题。根据文中提供的四本书的“Cover price”和“Our price”价格计算比较可知，Container Gardens by Number 打折最多，故选 D 项。EMany people rush_into_the_commitment_of_bringing_home_a_four-legged_family_member，only to find out that they are not ready for a pet.This often results in the dog being turned over to a shelter where it may not find another home.This can be avoided if potential pet owners take the time to figure out if they are truly ready for the responsibilities of pet ownership.Being a responsible pet owner involves a financial commitment that goes beyond buying dog food.There are also parasite(寄生虫)prevention，boarding costs while traveling and the cost to care for the pet should it become ill or injured.That is not to say that one must be rich in order to have a dog，but it is important to be prepared for the expenses that come with being a pet owner.Another consideration is the time commitment.An owner away from home for 14 hours every day is not an ideal situation for a dog.A potential dog owner must also consider the time it takes to care for his or her pet，the time it takes to feed，walk，play with，bathe and clean up.Also，dogs require attention.Be prepared to spend time each day petting and playing with it.Dogs are dogs，and will act like dogs.This includes barking，digging，having accidents in the house and，possibly，destroying some of the owners prized possessions，such as furniture，shoes and cell phones.If the above would cause an owner to want to get rid of the dog，then he or she is not yet ready to be a pet owner.Many wonderful pets end up in shelters simply because they acted like dogs!1Who might be qualified to be a dog owner，according to the text?AKari，a teacher who works eight hours a day.BJim，who has a daughter sensitive to dogs smell.CDick，a jobless teenager who can hardly pay his rent.DSteven，a business man who travels a lot on business.2To be a responsible dog owner you need to do all the following EXCEPT _Abuying dog food and feeding itBtaking it to hospital when necessaryCspending time each day playing with itDfinding a shelter for it when you are bored with it3What does the underlined part in the first paragraph probably mean?ARush to adopt a dog formally.BCommit to buy a dog and take it home.CRun into a pet shelter and take one home so quickly.DDecide to be a pet owner without thinking about it carefully.4What might be the best title for the text?ADogs Are DogsBReady for a Pet?CHave Time for a Dog?DPets Are Family Members【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。如果想领养宠物需要先做好思想准备，需要在经济上和时间上对宠物有所付出，从而做一位负责任的宠物主人。1解析：选 A。推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“An owner away from home for 14 hours every day is not an ideal situation for a dog.”并结合选项可知，作为老师的 Kari 每天工作八小时，有充分的时间照顾狗，因此他(她)可能有资格成为狗的主人。故选 A。2解析：选 D。细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“This often results in the dog being turned over to a shelter where it may not find another home.This can be avoided if potential pet owners take the time to figure out if they are truly ready for the responsibilities of pet ownership.”可知，当你把狗带回家却没有做好准备照顾它时，这只能导致它被移交到一个庇护所去，这不是一个负责任的主人应做的事。故选 D。3解析：选 D。句意理解题。根据第一段画线部分后的“only to find out that they are not ready for a pet”可知，许多人发现他们并没有为宠物做好准备，由此结合选项可推知，许多人决定成为宠物的主人没有经过认真考虑。故选 D。4解析：选 B。标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句中“if they are truly ready for the responsibilities of pet ownership”，并结合下文可知，文章主要谈的是想要饲养宠物前你是否做好了准备，因此“Ready for a Pet？”可作为最佳标题。故选 B。高三作文：走过 路过撑着伞,独自行走在悠长悠长的小路上,路面冷清,心事却拥挤.刚才是谁擦肩而过?蓦然回首,只剩下一个模糊的背景. 潇潇冬雨打落叶,沥沥有声。此刻？你是否也将思绪飘飞在漫天漫地的雨帘中？ 爱，恨，情，愁，哪个幽灵绐终占据着我心灵的一角，不肯离去，久久？如果是爱，为什么若即若离，飘忽不定？如果不爱，为什么挥不去脑中的那副画面，心中的那副景象？到底你是朋友，知己还是 那段日子里，梦是甜的。你带来的，是惊惶，伴着点点羞涩。再那个多雨的季节，清凉的雨滴敲着薄薄的心扉，编织着一帘幽梦，谁人与我来共？流星划过的刹那，来不及许下别的心愿，一个念头从脑海闪过？“和你在一起”。 “和你在一起”？如果说相识是缘，相知是份，那么冥冥之中我们缘是几份？缘起缘灭的喜优夹杂，那份力量我们是否有足够的力量去承担？不愿演绎出悲欢离合，不愿成为独角戏的主角，宁可将那朦胧的感情化为朋友之间的相知相惜，心有灵犀。怦然心动也好，淡淡的遗憾也好，总好过两个人痛之后的反目吧！知道你的眼中曾经有个我，而我心中曾经有个你。那么，就将那曾经有过的情感丝丝缕缕珍惜又珍惜，收藏又收藏吧！ 也许你我只能做朋友，我们在情感的路上没有承诺，爱到深处没有谁对谁错。况且，并不是所有的诺言都可以兑现，也不是所有的诺言都必须兑现。你说你不懂我，我变了，再也不是以前你认识的那个随和的女孩了。其实我又何尝能够读懂你？每个人都是一本书，如果那么容易懂，那岂不过是单调和肤浅？而真正能读懂你心的人，茫茫人海中能有几个？毕竟天涯过客，漠不关心的是多，擦肩而过的更多。也许你我都在寻找属于自己的恒星。我们生命中划过多少流星，谁能数清？每一颗星都那么耀眼，那么夺目，让人忍不住去追随。可是，我们能抓住流星吗？在划出那道道美丽的弧线之后，它们的归宿何去何从？我们不知道，我们也不可能知道，除非等到陨石的发现。可那种固守有意义吗？ 也许我不过是你夜空划过的一道流星。因为它的轨迹特别，所以吸引了你注视的目光。而你，是我生命驿站中的过客还是归人？ 人们常说：“地上一个人，天上一颗星”。如果真是这样，那满天的繁星中哪颗是你，哪颗是我？是你的星辉照亮了我的世界，还是我俩交相辉映美丽了夜幕？再或我们犹如围绕太阳运转的九大行星，有各自的轨道和规律，永远不会相交，只那么遥遥相对？ 爱一个人是什么？十年生死两茫茫，不思量，自难忘的刻骨铭心？执手相看泪眼，更无语凝咽的缠绵？以生命决斗的勇气？还是杨过和小龙女十六年的漫长等待？沈浪给白飞飞笑话般的生命注入唯一的真实和快乐？李寻欢忍痛的割舍？难道两颗心的破碎就是爱情？难道爱情一定要在每个笑容的背后刻上道道伤痕？“眼睛为她下着雨，心却为她撑着伞”。理解，宽容，相知相惜，也许这才是爱的最高境界！而年轻不经意的你和年少不经事的我能够企及吗？ 细雨绵绵不在下了，路面依然冷清，心事却不再拥挤。感觉两三个人从身后走来，看到他们从身边走过，目望他们在远处消失，不禁抿嘴一笑。但愿有情天地里，能够与君同销万古愁！