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小升初复习-动词的各种时态讲解及练习一、一般现在时：一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。He is a student .他是一个学生2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。 如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语动词第三人称单数变化规则：A、一般直接加“s”，如：play plays, visit visits, speak speaks ；B、以“s”，“x”，“sh”，“ch”结尾时，加“es”，如：catch catches, watch watches ；C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时，变“y”为“i”再加“es”，如：carry carries, study studies 。一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. /No, Im not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。 否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。 如：I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work? 二、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。He is taking pictures.（2）现在分词（动名词）构成规则：A、一般直接加“ing”，如：go going, do doing, look looking ；B、以不发音的“e”结尾的单词，去“e” 加“ing”，如：take taking, make making, have having ；C、以重读闭音节结尾的词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需要双写这个字母再加“ing”，如：put putting, stop stopping, run running, get getting, swim swimming, sit sitting, begin beginning, jog jogging, forget forgetting 。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing. The monkey is swinging. She is cooking dinner . he is doing his homework 3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。She is not taking pictures. He isnt climbing mountains.4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。Is he reading a book? Is the rabbit running ?5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词 + be + 主语 + 动词ing? 三、一般将来时1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）this morning , this afternoon , this evening等。 2.基本结构：be going to + do；She is going to visit his grandparents next weekend . Amy is going to climb mountains tomorrow. will+ do. He will go shopping this afternoon. He will go to shanghai next month .3.否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。 四、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 如：yesterday ,last( weekend ,month ,year) be used to 2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt） are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent） 带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句：didnt +动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。 如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？ 如： What did Jim do yesterday? 疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday? （3）过去式构成规则：A、一般直接加“ed”，如：plant planted, visit visited, pick picked ；B、以不发音字母“e”结尾，直接加“ed”，如：like liked, hope hoped, taste tasted ；C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时，变“y”为“i”再加“ed”，如：try tried, carry carried, study studied ；D、有些动词要双写最后一个字母，再加“ed”，如：stop stopped ；E、还有很多动词的过去式是不规则的，请记忆：是-am(be)-was- 是-are(be)-were 是-be-was, were练一练：1、写出下列动词的第三人称单数。drink _go _stay _make _look _have _pass _carry _come _watch _plant _fly _study _brush _do _teach_ take_see_2、写出下列动词的现在分词。put _give _fly _get _dance _sit_ run _plant _take _swim _ask _stop _take _write _have _smoke _ think_ want_ tell_3、写出下列动词的过去式。isam _fly _plant _are _drink _play _go _make _does _dance _worry _ask _taste _eat _draw _put _throw _kick _pass _do _4、用动词的适当形式填空。（1）I _to school from Monday to Friday. My brother often _to school with me. Yesterday we _to school together. We like _to school very much. ( go )（2）They usually _lunch at home. But last week, they _lunch at school. ( have )（3）That_my English book. It _new. But now it _not here. It _there a moment ago. ( be )（4）My sister likes _very much. She often _at our school festival. Last term, she _a lot of songs in the school hall. She _beautifully. ( sing )（5）What _ he usually _on Sunday? He usually _his homework. Look! He _his homework now. _he _his homework last Sunday?Yes, he_. ( do )（6）Do people usually_ moon cakes at Mid-autumn Festival? Yes, they do. Did you _moon cakes last Mid-autumn Festival? Yes, I did. I _a lot of delicious moon cakes. ( eat )5、用所给词的正确形式填空1I (like)the story of Monkey King better than Robin Hood. 2Yesterday I (write) a letter to my friend.3Tom (send) some emails to his parents last night.4The robot (buy) vegetables in the supermarket every day.5Kate_(swim) in the pool tomorrow.6Look! Her brother (fly) a kite.7I (find) a wallet and (give) it to the police that day.8Grandma (be) ill. And we (take) her to hospital yesterday.9He (teach) her kung fu twice a week.10They (make) a model plane by themselves and we visited it.11The boy is (drop) a bag.12. What (do) he usually (do) after school?13. How many lessons _ your classmate_(have) on Monday?14. What time _you _ (get) to Shanghai yesterday evening?15. Where_ (be)you yesterday?6、Sentence pattern transformation. (句型转换)1My sister did her homework in the morning. (否定句) 2. We had a Toy Show for the younger children yesterday. (一般疑问句) 3We played tennis last weekend. (划线提问) 4The Chinese people like eating noodles and dumplings very much. (划线提问) 5Bob can dance well. (否定句) 6His uncle bought him a new toy car. (一般疑问句) 7Tom enjoyed eating spicy food in China. (划线提问) 8Dragon Team won 15 medals. (划线提问) 9. Mr Wang will give out the team awards. (否定句) 10. There are some books on the desk. (一般疑问句)
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