英语字母读音规则.doc

英语国际音标表一、英语字母发音表A a ei B b bi: C c si: D d di: E e i: F f ef G g d3i: H h eit I i ai J j d3ei K k kei L l el M m em N n en O o uP p pi: Q q kju: R r : S s es T t ti: U u ju: V v vi: W w dblju: X x eks Y y wai Z z zi:zed 2、 英语国际音标表 （48个）元音（20个）长元音/:/:/:/i:/u:/短元音/ /e/双元音/e/a/e/a/辅音（28个）轻辅音/p/t/k/f/s/浊辅音/b/d/g/v/z/轻辅音/h/ts/t/tr/浊辅音/r/dz/d/dr/鼻 音/m/n/半元音/j/ w/边 音/三、什么叫音节？音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（m n l例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。四、如何划分音节？在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。例如：长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er五、什么是重读音节？重读音节指的是单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。六、什么叫开音节？开音节分两种，一种叫绝对开音节，相对开音节。绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如：no she so hi 相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如：name these bike home ex-cuse.七、什么叫闭音节？单个元音字母后面有辅字组（r w y 除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如：bag egg fish not cup八、英语单词拼读规则1、元音字母在重读音节中的读音a 在开音节中 ei name plane Jane baby cake date 在闭音节中 bag dad hat map black back e 在开音节中 i: he these me Chinese be she 在闭音节中 e bed let pen desk yes egg i 在开音节中 ai bike fly drive time nice kite 在闭音节中 i fish big drink sit milk swim o 在开音节中 those close go note home no 在闭音节中 clock not box shop shock hot u 在开音节中 ju: excuse duty tune cute fume huge在闭音节中 bus cup jump much lunch nut 2. 元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 a China tain another n woman wumn breakfast brekfst i orange rind comradekmrid villagevilid cabbage kbide hundred hndrd student stju:dnt open upn children tildrn i chickentikin pocket pkit begin biin semestersimest i holidayhldi beautifulbju:ti/ful familyfm/ili animal ni/ml ai exerciseekssaiz satellite stlait o second seknd tonight tnait welcomewelkm u also:lsu zeroziru, zi:ru photo futuu autumn :tm difficultdifiklt support sp:t ju popular ppjul Januarydnjuri 3.元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音a在w音后面读 want what watch wash quality a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前读 : after plant graph ask grasp glass fast fatheri 在-nd -ld -gh前读 ai find bind mind child mild light high fighto在-st -ld前读 u most host postcard old cold sold holdo在m n v th前读 come monkey love mother 4. -r音节元音字母在重读音节中的读音ar : car farm dark sharp largear在w音后面读 : warm quarter kw:t toward tw:d or: forty morning short sport north or在w音后面读 : word worker worse world wormer ir ur : certainlys:tnli term bird sir Thursday nurse 5. -re音节元音字母在重读音节中的读音are care dare hare pare bare ware ere i here mere sere ire ai fire hire wire tire dire sire ore : more score before poreure ju pure cure lure 6. 元音字母在重读音节中的读音ai/ay ei afraid rain wait day play way sayair air hair chair pair repair fair a l :l small ball talk wall all always also salt almostal 在f m前 : half calm palm balm au/aw : autumn daughter draw saw paw raw ea i: teach easy cheap please seat reach e heavy bread sweater weather ei break great steak ear i hear dear near clear year sear tear bear pear wear swear : earth learn early pearl searchee i: eep week green three tree needeer i pioneer deer beer peer veer ei/ey ei eight neighbour they ley i: either key ew ju: new few newspaper pew mew 在j l r 后 u: flew brew crew drew jewelry oa u oat Joan boat goal coat coal oar/oor : roar board aboard abroad blackboard door floor moor oi/oy i noise point coin moist toilet boy toy soy joyful oo I. 重读音节词尾的字母组合oo发音素u:的音。如:too(太;也),zoo(动物园),room(房间) 等;II. 在辅音字母f, l, m, n, s前的字母组合oo也发音素u:的音。如:roof(屋顶),school(学 校),soon(不久),goose(鹅)等.有一个特例词要特别注意,它就是:woolu(羊毛);III. 在字母t前的字母组合oo发音素u:的音。如:boot(靴子),tooth(牙齿),特例 词:footu(脚);IV. 字母组合oo在字母d和k前发音素u的音。如:good(好),book(书),look(看),特例 词:foodu:(食物);V. 在复合词的非重读音节中的字母组合oo发音素u的音。如:bedroom(卧 室),classroom(教室)等;VI. 在字母l和d之间的字母组合oo发音素的音。如:blood(血),flood(洪水)等. ou/ow au flower house count down mouth mountain allow sound brow u know row throw though follow below young country enough tough u: group soup our : course your four pour au our hour ours sourui在j l r s后 ju:i/ jui/u:i tuitiontju:in suicidesjuisaid fluid flu(:)id u: juice fruit suit 7、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音 元音字组或字群 读 音 例 词 ai/ay ei/ey i Sunday foreign monkey ow u yellow sparrow tomorrow 元音字组在非重读音节中读E音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee -sion -tion n impressionimpren congressional nation emotion -sion在元音字母后 n visionvin decision occasion confusion -tion在s后 tn questionkwestn suggestion sdestn -sten sn listen -stle sl whistle -sure pleasure measure treasure leisure -ture t picture culture future lecture8、辅音字母的读音b b bike bus bag Bible 在 m后不发音 / bomb tomb comb c k cake picture coat music c在e前或在i/y前s face decide cinema cycle piecech t much chick rich teacher check watch catch China k school headache chemistry technology machine mi:n Chicago ik:u -ck k cock pocket black knock d d doctor bread hand d ay -dge d bridge fridge knowledge edge dr- dr children driver drink drama drawf f five four breakfast frustrateg g在e /i /y前 d general manage managing gym gyp 在a, o , 前 g bag garden guide gold go gh f cough enough rough laugh tough 有时不发音 / light daughter high fight sightgu- /-gue g guess league dialogue guitar guideh h head house hand hot hundred 在o前面有时不发音 / hour honest honor j d jeep jar joke join July jamk k kind bike skate make week kn- n knife know knock knew l l life milk school tall m m monkey come example -mn m autumn column solemn n n not shine ten note 在k 音前 uncle thank think angry hungry-ng morning young wrong p p paper plane pig ship pen sharpph f elephant photo telephone physical q k Iraq Qatar qu- quality quite quarrel quantity square-que k cheque r r red rubber ruler s 在词首或清辅音前，元音字母间或浊辅音前 s muscle science sleep desk sister 在元音字母u后面多数情况下读z music husband business excuse refusesh finish wash fish shirt shock t 在通常情况下， t ten letter meet 在弱读字母ia ie io前 patient peint nation nein retiari:ti, rei-itch t watch catch match fetch th 在通常情况下 three bath think math thirteen 在冠词、代词、介词和连词中 the those with though then 在词尾-the和-ther中 mother father clothe tr- tr tree train country truck v v very voice love leave w w week win wake sweet wait 不发音 / answer two wh- 在字母o前 h who whose whole 其他 w what when white whyx ks box text exercise express 在重读元音前gz example exist exact y- j yes yard yellow young z z puzzle zero zoo ts ts cats lots pets bootsds dz beds kids deeds