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Module 3Body Language and Nonverbal munication.单词语境记忆1.aggressive behaviour挑衅的行为2.a gesture of trust 信任的姿态3.five fingers spread 五指张开4.rude remarks 无礼的话语5.a live performance 现场表演6.bend your knees 膝盖弯曲7.hug her friend 拥抱她的朋友8.social practice 社会实践9.go blank 脑子里一片空白10.wipe the table 擦桌子.词性转换与派生记忆1.request n.请求；要求vt.要求；请求2.deal n.协议；交易v.处理3.stare vi.凝视；盯着看n.凝视；注视4.panic v.恐慌；惊慌n.恐慌；惊慌5.formal adj.正式的informal adj.非正式的6.traditionally adv.传统地traditional adj.传统的tradition n.传统7.involve vt.包括involved adj.有关的；卷入的；涉及的involvement n.牵连；包括8.invitation n.邀请invite vt.邀请9.judgement n.判断；意见judge v.判断 n.裁判，法官10.equality n.平等equal adj.平等的；相等的；胜任的 n.相等物equally adv.相等地；平等地11.performance n.表演perform vt.表演；演奏performer n.表演者；演奏者12.municate vi.(用语言、信号)传递信息；交流munication n.交流13.vary vi.变化variety n.变化；多样化；种类variable adj.易变的；变化的various adj.各种各样的；多方面的14.threatening adj.恐吓的；具有威胁的；胁迫的；险恶的threaten v.威胁threat n.威胁threatened adj.受到威胁的15.conscious adj.意识到的；自觉的unconscious adj.无意的16.favour n.恩惠；善意的行为favourable adj.赞同的；有利的favourite adj.特别喜爱的17.slightly adv.轻微地；稍微slight adj.轻微的，少量的联想记忆1.含fore前缀单词荟萃forehead n.前额forecast n.& v. 预言，预报foresee v. 预知；预见forearm n. 前臂foreleg n. 前腿2.不一样的“看”stare v. 凝视；盯着看glare v. 怒目而视glance v. 一瞥；扫视watch v. 观看notice v. 注意到observe v. 观察gaze v. 凝视；注视3.“惊恐”万状fear n. 担心；害怕alarm v. 使惊恐；警告frighten v. 使害怕；吓唬horror n. 惊骇；恐怖terror n. 恐怖；惊骇shock v. 震惊；使吃惊panic n. 惊慌；恐慌4.“空的”小结empty adj. 空的；空洞的vacant adj. 空缺的blank adj. 空白的；茫然的hollow adj. 中空的5.“变化”多端vary v. 变化varied adj. 变化的variety n. 变化；种类change v.& n. 改变changeable adj. 可变的短语背诵1.shake hands with与握手2.make a deal 达成协议；做成交易3.up and down 一上一下地4.by accident 偶然地5.say hello/goodbye to 向问好/道别6.on guard (保持)警惕7.hold up 举起；阻碍；使停顿；支撑8.give away 暴露(自己的情况)；赠送9.lift up 举起10.switch on 打开(灯、无线电等)词块积累1.body language身势语2.from culture to culture 从一种文化到另一种文化3.go blank 脑子里一片空白4.be rude to sb 对某人粗鲁5.ask sb a favour 请某人帮忙6.on earth 究竟；到底7.take part in 参与8.at a wedding/funeral 在婚礼/葬礼上9.in petition with 与竞争1.One person then holds up his hand，palm outwards and five fingers spread.然后一个人举起手，手掌向外，五指展开。2.Although these are very important，we municate with more than just spoken and written words.尽管这些很重要，但我们并不只是通过口头和书面语言交流。3.Indeed，body positions are part of what we call “body language”.实际上，身体姿势是我们所称的“肢体语言”的一部分。4.When in Rome，do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。5.Not all body language is conscious.并不是所有的身势语都是有意识的。6.In France you should shake hands every time you say hello and goodbye.在法国，每当你打招呼或告别时都应该(和别人)握手。.单词拼写1.The two presidents talked a lot yesterday，varying (变化)from education to cultural exchanges.2.When the plane landed safely，thunderous applause (掌声) burst out immediately.3.The young musician bowed (鞠躬) to the audience after playing a piece of beautiful music.4.It is never too late to spread (张开) your arms and embrace your parents.5.The little boy bent (弯下腰) down and picked up the coin on the ground.6.The moment Alice got off the stage，her father hugged (拥抱) her tightly and said，“Sweetheart，you are really cool！”7.The crowd panicked (恐慌) at the sound of guns and they fled in all directions.8.My mind was pletely blank (空白的) when the car accident happened.9.The pany has requested (请求) a financial support to go through the present bad situation.10.Its said that those with the blood of type O are most aggressive (攻击的).词性变化练习1.Nowadays，WeChat is an increasingly important means of munication (municate).2.Jane was hit on the head by a stone and she became unconscious (conscious).3.Cai Lun，living in Han Dynasty，is traditionally (tradition) regarded as the inventor of paper and the papermaking process.4.Miss Lin walked over to me，raised my head slightly (slight) and asked what happened to me.5.Being out of work is threatening.But the threat can urge the workers to work harder.(threaten)6.Im in favour of the plan，which will be favourable to the development of children.(favour)7.That famous performer is said to have performed a humorous performance at yesterdays evening party，which has left a deep impression on the audience.(perform)8.There are various goods in the supermarket，and the prices vary from cents to dollars.The variety attracts many customers.(vary).选词填空municate with，shake hands with，lift up，give away，up and down，say hello to，be rude to，switch on，stare at，by accident1.Susan pretended to keep calm，but the sweat on her forehead gave herself away.2.Mr Smith stood by the window，staring_at the street and deep in thought.3.The guard looked at me up_and_down，and didnt let me in until I told him I was one of the teachers in the school.4.Mary knows so little English that she has some difficulty municating_with the native speakers.5.As soon as I switched_on the TV，I heard the news that our football team had won the match.6.The salesgirl was_rude_to the customer，so the latter plained to the manager about it.7.The English teacher will stand at the school gate and say_hello_to every student as long as he is free in the morning.8.Jackson lifted_up his suitcase and rushed out of the room.9.Success in life doesnt happen by_accident.Its the result of devoting your time and energy to what youve set out to do.10.To show our respect，we usually take our gloves off whoever we are to shake_hands_with.完成句子1.Parents are more_than_providers for their kids and they are also their first teachers.父母不仅是孩子的供养者，还是他们的启蒙老师。2.The photo reminded me of what_I_had_experienced in that school.这张照片使我想起了我在那所学校里的经历。3.All_the_tickets_sold_out，they went away，disappointed.票已经全部卖光，他们只好失望地离去。4.Children，when_acpanied by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.当有父母陪同时，孩子们才被允许进入体育馆。5.Not_all that glitters is gold.发光的并不都是金子。 核心要点突破1.vary vi.变化；不同 vt.变更；改变(1)vary with随而变化 vary from 不同于 vary in 在方面不同/有差异 vary from.to. 由到情况不等 (2)variety n. 变化，多样性，种类 a variety of varieties of 各种各样的 various adj. 各种各样的；多方面的单句语法填空As we can see，the prices of vegetables vary with the season.If you e to visit China，you will experience a culture of amazing depth and variety (vary).佳句背诵 I like reading very much，especially the story books，varying from Chinese stories to English stories.我非常喜欢读书，尤其是故事书，无论是中文的还是英文的。名师指津 (1)a variety of/varieties of后接复数名词作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。(2)the variety of复数名词，意为“的品种”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。2.involve vt.包括；涉及；使参与；需要(1)involve sb in (doing) sth使某人参与(做)某事；使某人牵扯到某事中involve doing sth 包括做某事；需要做某事；涉及做某事(2)involved adj. 复杂的；有牵连的，有关的get/be involved in 被卷入之中；热衷于，专心于be/get involved with sb/sth 与某人混在一起/和某事有密切联系单句语法填空/一句多译Being a soldier can involve getting (get) killed.Hes smart enough to know that if he gets involved with that crowd，hes getting into trouble.当心不要让自己牵涉到一些非法活动中去。Be careful not to involve_yourself_in some illegal activities.Be careful not to be_involved_in some illegal activities.佳句背诵 It really benefited me a lot to preview lessons，get actively involved in class，and review what had been taught after class.(江西高考书面表达)预习功课，积极参与课堂活动，课后复习所教授的东西确实使我受益匪浅。名师指津 involved adj.作前置定语时，意为“复杂的”；作后置定语时，意为“涉及的”。例如：an involved sentence“一个复杂的句子”；the people involved“所涉及的人”。3.request n.& vt.请求；要求(1)make a request for请求，要求 at ones requestat the request of sb 应某人的要求 on/upon request 一经要求 (2)request sb to do sth 请求/要求某人做某事request that.(should) do sth 请求做某事单句语法填空I have a clean drivers license and can provide references on/upon request.I request him to_e (e) to the meeting on time.We specially requested that you (should)_be_informed (inform) at once.佳句背诵 The singer sang one more song at the request of enthusiastic fans.应热情歌迷的要求，这位歌手又唱了一首歌。名师指津 动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词为(should)动词原形。4.panic v.& n.惊慌；恐慌(1)panic sb into doing sth使某人因惊慌而做某事 Dont panic! 别慌！(用于劝告别人保持镇静) (2)get into a panic 陷入恐慌 in (a) panic 惊慌失措单句语法填空People are panicked into buying (buy) what they dont need.Not only do online rumors cause people in panic，but they disturb public order.She got into a panic when she thought she had forgotten the passport.佳句背诵 Some time later，my horse stopped，panting，and I woke up from panic.(2018浙江高考书面表达)一段时间后，马停了下来，气喘吁吁，我从惊恐中醒过来。名师指津 注意panic的过去式和过去分词的写法是“panicked”。5.favour (favor) n.恩惠；善意的行为；赞成；偏袒 vt.支持；偏袒(1)ask sb a favourask a favour of sb请某人帮忙do a favour for sbdo sb a favour 给某人以恩惠；帮助某人owe sb a favour 欠某人一个人情in ones favour 有利于某人in favour of 支持；赞同；有利于(2)favourable adj. 赞同的；有利的favourite adj.& n. 特别喜爱(欢)的(东西)单句语法填空I raised your suggestion with the boss，and he was in favor of trying it.After that，well sing their favourite (favour) songs and perform folk dances.佳句背诵 Also，Id like you to do me a favor.还有我想请你帮个忙。(全国卷书面表达)6.give away暴露(自己的情况)；泄露；赠送；颁发； 失去，丧失(机会等)give back归还； 恢复give in (to) 屈服； 让步give out 分发； 用完； 耗尽； 发出give up 放弃； 认输give off 放出；排出选用上述短语填空Body language can give_away a lot about your mood，so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.(浙江高考单选)The car stopped when the petrol gave_out.The market was full of salted fish，giving_off the worst smell.7.独立主格结构One person then holds up his hand，palm outwards and five fingers spread.(教材原句)然后一个人举起手，手掌向外，五指展开。palm outwards and five fingers spread为独立主格结构，在句中作状语。(1)独立主格结构的构成：名词(词组)/代词现在分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语(2)句法功能：在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等The meeting over，our headmaster soon left the meeting room.散会了，我们的校长很快就离开了会议室。Leaves falling (fall) here and there，I suddenly notice autumn is drawing upon.种上许多树和花后，我们新建的学校看上去更美了。After_we_planted_many_trees_and_flowers，our newlybuilt school looks even more beautiful.(时间状语从句) With_many_trees_and_flowers_planted，our newlybuilt school looks even more beautiful.(with复合结构) Many_trees_and_flowers_planted，our newlybuilt school looks even more beautiful.(独立主格)8.more than的用法Although these are very important，we municate with more than just spoken and written words.(教材原句)尽管这些很重要，但我们并不只是通过口头和书面语言交流。(1)more than数词，表示“超过，多于”，相当于over(2)more than形容词，表示“很；非常”(3)more than与情态动词can/could连用时，表示“超过了所能”(4)more.than.“比更；与其说不如说”(5)no more than名词或基数词，表示“不过；仅仅；只有”(侧重数量少)(6)not more than基数词，表示“至多，不超过”。Papercutting is a traditional art form in China，which has a history of more than 1，500 years.(2017全国卷书面表达)剪纸是一种中国传统艺术，它拥有1 500多年的历史了。If there is something else that we can do for you，we are more_than_glad to give a helping hand.(天津高考书面表达)如果还有我们能为你做的事情，我们会非常高兴地伸出援手。In my opinion，online voting is an inseparable part of modern life and should be weled，since it is no_more_than_a_way to participate in public life.(2016江苏高考书面表达)在我看来，网络投票是现代生活中不可分割的一部分，应该受到欢迎，因为它只是参与大众生活的一种方式。 考纲词汇专练.多义词专练写出下列句中hold up的含义举起，拿起；使停顿； 延误； 支撑，承受住； 抢劫1.To show this，she held up one chopstick，representing one person.(安徽高考)举起 2.Roadworks on the motorway are holding up the traffic.延误 3.Its reported that three men held up a jeweler last night.抢劫 4.This old tree is held up by a post.支撑 .微阅读写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1.A late booking may involve you in extra cost.使承担；_使面对 2.School children often municate colds to each other.传染 3.Monkeypox doesnt look a major infectious disease.(全国卷) 传染的 .微完形根据语境选出合适的词语1.As we all know，_ is of great importance.It involves a variety of interactions，which contributes to improving peoples relationship.When dealing with others，we use more than spoken and written words，we use body language as well.As body language varies from culture to culture，you are _ to know more about it when in a foreign country in order to municate better.A.munication B.gestureC.handclap D.performance A.promised B.questionedC.requested D.persuaded 答案AC2.When Miss Zhang raises questions，she often asks whoever knows the answers to _ his/her hand.However，if the question is a bit difficult，she asks us not to _ and gives us enough time to discuss in groups.A.hold up B.hold downC.hold off D.hold inA.shout B.panicC.plain D.bow答案AB.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式热考常考1.They requested that immediate action (should)_be_taken (take) to solve traffic congestion.2.He refused to make a judg(e)ment (judge) about the solution.3.Youre not permitted to get around unless we make a deal.4.I found the receipt by accident as I was looking through my documents.5.The boys performance (perform) at school has greatly improved.6.The trip will involve exploring (explore) the lovely forest.7.Traditionally (tradition) in China，children must respect and obey their parents and teachers.8.Shes been receiving threatening (threaten) phone calls these days，which nearly drives her mad.9.When he was stuck in the traffic，he wiped (wipe) the glass with a cloth.10.This is a(n) informal (formal) party，so youd better dress casually.用所给动词的正确形式填空不规则变化1.She spread (spread) her arms and the child ran towards her.2.I bent (bend) down and picked up a shell from the ground.3.They hugged (hug) each other when they met at the airport.4.The boy panicked (panic) when he thought he had forgotten to switch off the power.5.Over the past decade，large amounts of money have_been_given (give) away to improve public transport.6.So far，construction of the bridge has_been_held (hold) up by bad weather. .根据语境选出加黑词的正确含义熟词生义1.I sincerely hope that youll wipe the crazy thought from your mind and abandon the plan.C 2.Of the two trips，I favour the trip along the Yangtze River.A 3.As we all know，a baby municates its needs by crying.B.阅读理解AWhen high school student Chen Yifan crashed his bicycle into a parked BMW，he could have just picked himself up and ridden away.Nobody had seen him hit the car.The damage he had caused would surely be expensive to fix.But instead of running away，Chen wrote a letter of apology and put 311 yuan in the envelope.It was all the money he had from working parttime during the winter vacation.When the cars owner，52yearold Xue Zhanmin，discovered the damage the next morning，he was very angry.But Xues attitude changed when he spotted the letter and began to read.“I read the letter and was moved by the students honesty，” he said.“Everyone makes mistakes，but whats important is that you take responsibility for those mistakes.”Xue wanted to find Chen，but Chen had not left his name on the letter.So he turned to the police and told them his plan.He asked the police to help him look for Chen so that he could reward his honesty.It took a few days for the police to find Chen.When Chens mother learned what had happened，she offered to pensate Xue for all his losses，but the offer was refused.Instead，Xue said he would give Chen 10，000 yuan to finance his further education.He appreciated the boys honesty and wanted to encourage him to continue making the right decisions in life.Chens mother said Xues reaction was sure to have a positive effect on her son.“The accident was my sons fault，but it was forting to hear he had a sense of responsibility，” she said.“He told me that，in future，he will also do his best to reward the kindness of strangers.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。中学生骑车撞宝马留道歉信并赔311元。车主被他的诚实所感动，反送他1万元资助他上学。1What did Chen Yifan do after crashing his bicycle into the car?AHe waited for the car owner.BHe called the police immediately.CHe rode away as quickly as possible.DHe wrote a letter of apology and left all his money.答案D细节理解题。根据第一段“But instead of running.parttime during the winter vacation.”可知，Chen Yifan在骑车撞了宝马车后没有立即骑车离开，而是写了一封道歉信并把身上所有的钱留给了车主。2After finding Chen，Xue Zhanmin _Awanted to give Chen a lessonBasked Chen to call his parentsCgave Chens money back to himDoffered to give Chen a reward答案D细节理解题。根据第三段“.so that he could reward his honesty.”及第四段“Instead，Xue said he would give Chen 10，000 yuan to finance his further education.”可知，在找到Chen后，Xue Zhanmin主动提出要奖励他。3Which of the following is the theme of the passage?ASympathy.BHonesty.CCourage.DEnthusiasm.答案B主旨大意题。本文讲述了中学生Chen Yifan不小心骑车撞到了一辆停着的宝马车，他没有逃走，而是给车主写了一封道歉信并将身上打工挣的所有的钱留给了车主。车主被Chen Yifan的诚实所感动，经过一番努力，车主终于找到了Chen Yifan，并奖励他一万元，资助他的学业。因此本文的主题应该是“诚实”。BAs you lie on the ground with your hands behind your head and your knees bent, you lift your upper body towards your knees.Thats how you do a traditional situp, an exercise many of us have been doing since elementary school.However, the benefits of this abdominal (腹部的) workout are now in doubt.Earlier last month, an editorial from the Navy Times, a US military publication, said that the situp is “viewed as a key cause of lower back injuries”A study conducted by the US National Center for Biotechnology Information confirmed that 56 percent of the injuries in the US armys fitness test result from situps.The Canadian Armed Forces banished the situp from its fitness test for the same reason.In addition to its health disadvantages, the situp is also seen as lacking efficiency.A new report from Harvard Medical School showed that traditional situps only target certain muscle groups instead of strengthening the entire set of core muscles.Situps can be practiced in different ways, and the variations range from Vups, Swiss ball situps and reverse situps.The injury risk not only depends on the variations that people use, but also on an individuals physical wellbeing.John Childs is the CEO of Evidence in Motion, a US pany that trains physical therapists, and he remains skeptical about the latest study against situps.He acknowledges that situps can increase the stress placed on backs, but he doesnt see a direct link between situps and back pain.“The most important thing is for people to perform exercises they enjoy so theyll continue doing them，” Childs told The Wall Street Journal.“Staying active and doing regular exercise the oldfashioned way is far more advantageous than doing nothing.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。最近的研究对仰卧起坐有益于腹部健康这一观点提出了质疑。4The underlined word “banished” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_”AcancelledBprotectedCacceptedDcriticized答案A词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句以及下文内容可推知，由于56%的美国军队体能测试受伤案例都是由仰卧起坐引起的，因此，加拿大武装部队应该是以这个理由将仰卧起坐从其体能测试中剔除。A项意为“取消，废除”；B项意为“保护”；C项意为“接受”；D项意为“批评，批判”。故选A。5Which of the following might be John Childs opinion on situps?AHe realizes the latest study about situps is worth considering.BHe acknowledges they cause back pain.CHe suggests that if people keep doing them, they will enjoy them.DHe is positive about them despite the disadvantages.答案D推理判断题。根据最后一段第一、二句和最后一段最后一句“Staying active and doing regular exercise the oldfashioned way is far more advantageous than doing nothing.”可推知，尽管仰卧起坐有缺点，但John Childs仍对仰卧起坐持肯定态度。故选D。6.What can be the best title for the text?ABuilding up Your BodyBReassessing the SitupCA New Study on Performing ExercisesDA Good Way for Abdominal Trainingthe Situp答案B标题归纳题。文章探讨了仰卧起坐这种传统运动。很多人从小学就开始接触这项运动，认为它有助于身体健康。不过现在这项腹肌训练的效果受到了质疑。文章通过具体的实例说明了传统的仰卧起坐是一种不利于健康且低效的运动。因此，B项“重新评价仰卧起坐”最能概括文章主旨。故选B。CIts 3 oclock and youve been hard at work.As you sit at your desk, a strong desire for chocolate overes you.You try to busy yourself to make it go away.But it doesnt.Here is another situation.Perhaps you are not feeling well.The only thing you want to eat is a big bowl of chicken soup, like your mom used to make when you were sick as a child.Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food.And they are normal.Scientists a
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