高考英语语法专题练习.doc

高考英语语法专题练习情态动词与虚拟语气（含答案和解析）情态动词和虚拟语气是历年高考英语的必考知识点，虚拟语气是整个语法系统中的难点，因此，学好它必须要静下心来、花些力气。今天，让我们看看关于虚拟语气和情态动词的一些经典例题，你都会吗？. 单句语法填空1The only thing that I_could_do was that I wished her a long life.解析：句意：我唯一能做的事情是希望她能长寿。所填词表示能力，此处要表达我唯一“能”做的，而且根据wished判断句子应该用一般过去时，所以填could。2Since you have such good preparations, there_should_not be any problem about passing the coming job interview.解析：句意：既然你准备得很充分，通过即将到来的工作面试应该没问题。根据since提供的原因“准备充分”可以判断出，此处表示“按理说应该发生”的，故本空填情态动词should。3It has been accepted that all the students_shall_put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.解析：句意：为防止学生感染流感病毒，学生们在进校前要戴上口罩，这一点大家都已接受。在第三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示规定、规则，用shall。4Now I_would_like to ask you to look at some photographs if you dont mind.解析：句意：如果你愿意的话，现在我想让你看一些照片。I would like to do.是固定句式，意为“我想做”。5Anyone_can_be in a rough life time，whether he is“Bai Fumei”or“Gao Fushuai”.解析：句意：任何人都会有困难的时候，无论他是“白富美”还是“高富帅”。此处是情态动词用于陈述句中，表示“一时的情况”，故用情态动词can。6(2014福建，32)_Were_(be) there no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.解析：句意：如果没有现代通信手段，我们需要等待数周才能获得来自世界各地的新闻。由句意和主句中的“would动词原形”可知，逗号前是一个表示与现在事实相反的从句，应为if there were.。此处条件句中的if省略，把were提到主语前，故填Were。7(2014陕西)We would rather our daughter_stayed_(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.解析：句意：我们宁愿让女儿和我们一起待在家里，可那是她的选择，而且她也不再是个孩子了。would rather后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反的事实。8(2014重庆，13)It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I_had_done_(do) it?解析：句意：是约翰打破了窗户。你为什么以好像是我打破了的语气对我说话？as if引导的状语从句中，谓语动词与wish引导的宾语从句的虚拟语气形式相同。结合语境可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，填had done。9(2016石家庄二模)What a slow bus this is!Yes, we_may/might_just as well walk.解析：may/might as well不妨。10(2014四川，6)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother_would_(will) take me to Disneyland at weekends.解析：句意：我仍然记得我的幸福童年，那时我母亲总会在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。would表示过去的一种习惯。. 语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, _1. which_ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others. At present, traffic accidents become“the worlds first harm”Two months ago, after _2. drinking_(drink) a lot of alcohol, my friends uncle drove his car home. He was _3. heavily_(heavy) drunk, but he still drove home by himself. On the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, _4. but_ his uncle didnt notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And _5. the_ old lady didnt see his uncle, either. In the end, the lady died._6. Had_ it not been for his uncles drunkenness, the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady _7. hadnt_died_(die), she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncles home was also destroyed by his uncle. Therefore, two _8. families_(family) were destroyed.I wish more people _9. could_(can) realize the seriousness of drunk driving and obey the traffic regulations faithfully. Always remember: refuse _10. to_drink_(drink) and drive, and give a safe world to you and me!解析：1thing后是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which。2after在此是介词，后跟动名词。3修饰was drunk用副词。4由didnt notice判断，该空所用词表示转折，故填but。5特指上文提到的lady，故填定冠词。6根据主句中的would not have happened判断，逗号前面是一个虚拟语气的条件句，句子的谓语应用had done形式；但是因为省略了if，所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判断出该空填Had。7if引导的是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句子，故应用过去完成时，填hadnt died。8集体名词family在此是被看作整体，此处指“两个家庭”，应用其复数形式families。9wish后的从句用虚拟语气，此处表示与现在事实相反的情况，所以填could。10refuse后用动词不定式作宾语，refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。.单句改错1(2016新课标)Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.答案与解析：canshould或去掉can句意：一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。suggest作动词，表示“建议”时，宾语从句的谓语通常用虚拟语气“(should)动词原形”，故此处可把can改为should，也可去掉can。2(2015新课标)We must found ways to protect our environment.答案与解析：foundfind句意：我们必须要找到保护环境的方法。情态动词must后接动词原形。3(2016湖南衡阳八中二模)It is true that no one should live without money in modern society.答案与解析：shouldcan句意：的确，在当代社会，没有钱就不能生活。根据句意可知，表示“能，能够”须用can。4(2016山西四校模拟)But for the rain，we should have a pleasant journey yesterday.答案与解析：have后加had 句意： 要不是下雨，我们昨天会有一次愉快的旅行。对过去的虚拟用should have done结构。5(2016海口二模)He had telephoned to inform me of your birthday，or I would have known nothing about it.答案与解析：去掉hador前的句子不是虚拟条件句。2018高考英语语法专练：并列句与状语从句（含答案和解析）通常情况下，只要理顺句意，并列句和状语从句就不是问题了。来看看近几年高考英语是怎样考查并列句和状语从句的吧！. 单句语法填空1(2014江苏，21改编)Lessons can be learned to face the future _though/although_history cannot be changed.解析：对比分析两个句子的意思可知从句表达的意思是“虽然；尽管”。句意为：虽然历史不能被改变，但是可以学习经验来面对未来。设空处引导让步状语从句，故填though/although。2(2014湖南，26改编)You will never gain success _unless_you are fully devoted to your work.解析：根据句意可知主从句间是条件关系，且对比分析两句话间“主将从现”的时态及主句中的否定词never可知用表条件的unless(if.not)。句意为：除非你完全投入到你的工作中，否则你永远无法取得成功。3(2015北京，25改编)He is a shy man，_but_he is not afraid of anything or anyone.解析：but用来连接并列但语义对比的两个句子。句意：他是个腼腆的人，但他并不怕任何事或任何人。4(2015北京，32改编)_Once_the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.解析：once一旦。句意：一旦造成损害，土地要好多年才能恢复。5(2015天津，12改编)We need to get to the root of the problem_before_we can solve it.解析：本题考查状语从句的连词。before表示“主句发生在从句之前”。句意：在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。6(2015湖南，33改编)_Although/Though_the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it.解析：although/though虽然(表示“虽然”时，不在后面使用连词but，不过有时它可与yet，still，nevertheless等副词连用)。句意：虽然那个工作要花大量的时间，但是大多数学生都觉得这次经历是值得的。7(2015湖南，35改编)Thats why I help brighten peoples days.If you_dont_，whos to say that another person will?解析：考查if引导的条件状语从句。在if引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。此句中的whos to say that another person will用的是将来时，故if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时。句意：这就是为什么我要使人们的日子变得鲜活起来。如果你不这样做，你说谁会这样做？8(2015四川，6改编)There is only one more day to go_before_your favorite music group play live.解析：before意为“在之前”。句意：离你最喜欢的乐队的现场演奏只剩下一天了。9(2015重庆，4改编)If you miss this chance，it may be years _before_ you get another one.解析：It be时间段before.“要过才会”。句意：如果你错过这次机会，可能要等很多年才会再有另一个机会。10(2015江苏，26改编)It is so cold that you cant go outside_unless_fully covered in thick clothes.解析：本题考查状语从句引导词及状语从句的省略。句意：天如此冷以至于你除非完全包裹着厚衣服，否则不能外出。unless除非。unless从句中省略主语you及系动词are。11. Its a motto that we should never remember the benefit we have offered _nor_ forget the favor received.解析：句意为：我们应当永远不要记挂我们所给予的好处也不要忘记我们所受的恩惠。这是一则座右铭。nor为表示否定含义的并列词，never.nor.表示“既不也不”。12Ask any Chinese which city in China is famous for ice and snow, _and_ the answer is sure to be Harbin.解析：句意为：(如果)你问任何一个中国人中国的哪座城市因冰雪而出名，答案一定是哈尔滨。此处为“祈使句and/or陈述句”的结构，两个分句之间为顺承关系，故填and。13Stick to what you think is right, _and_ you will gain a surprising happy ending.解析：句意为：坚持你认为正确的，你会拥有一个幸福的结局。此处为“祈使句and/or陈述句”的结构，两个分句之间为顺承关系，故填and。14Can I lie about seeing a text message because I was too busy or lazy to respond to it?Receiving a text message does not necessarily mean you have to respond. Why waste a perfectly good lie _when_ the truth will serve?解析：句意为：当我很累或懒得去答复时，我可以撒谎说没看过短信吗？收到短信并不一定意味着必须回复。为什么非得滥用一个精心编造的谎言而不去说实话呢？对比分析主从句谓语的动作可知是同时发生，因此用时间状语连词when表示“当时候”。15Though it has been one year _since_ he came to the city, he knows every street here like the back of his hand.解析：句意为：尽管他来这座城市仅仅一年，但是他对这儿的每条街道了如指掌。本题考查固定句型“it has been时间段since.”，表示“自从已经多久了”。16What did he think of the trip to Beijing last month?He had such a good time _when_ he visited the Great Wall.解析：句意为：他认为上个月的北京之行怎么样？当他去参观长城时玩得很开心。设空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当时候”，故填when。本题容易误用成“such.that.”结构。17Little _as/though_ he knew about classical music, he pretended to be an expert on it.解析：句意为：尽管他对古典音乐了解很少，但他假装对此是名专家。分析句意及句子结构可知，设空处所在分句为让步状语从句，且否定词little位于句首，应用倒装结构，故填as或though。although也表“尽管”，但其引导的从句要用正常语序，故不填。18People in Dali are very friendly and honest to you _whether_ you are a foreigner or just a local.解析：句意为：大理的人对你很诚实而友好，无论你是外地人还是当地居民。whether.or.表示“无论是还是”，引导让步状语从句。19You can smoke here _if_ you leave a window open to let the smoke out.解析：句意为：如果你留一扇窗户使烟散发出去，你就可以在这里吸烟。根据句意可知，此处为条件状语从句，表示“如果”，故填if。20(2015浙江，9改编)Just_as_ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence，a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.解析：句意为：正如单独一个词能改变一个句子的含义一样，一个独立的句子也能改变一个段落的含义。just as意为“正如，正像”，符合句意。. 语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。My classmate Michael studied very hard _1. after_ he went to senior school. Every day he worked _2. until_ every one left the classroom. He said he wouldnt stop trying _3. unless_ he got satisfying scores in his studies. Hard _4. as/though_ he tried, he made little progress, but he didnt lose heart at all _5. because_ he believed as long as he persisted he would succeed one day. _6. As_ time went by, he made improvements in his studies and he was admitted to a university in Guangzhou at last. We had a gettogether party _7. before_ we started our new life in university. _8. Since_ everyone had got offers from universities, we had a very good time. When we stood _9. where_ we used to play and study, we couldnt help thinking of our happy old days. We believed we would never forget each other, _10. wherever_ we would go or whatever we would do. Before we departed, _11. although/though_we seemed a little sadder _12. than_before, we still fought back the tears. 单句改错1But no sooner had I left when the bus arrived.答案与解析：whenthanno sooner.than.“刚就”，是固定用法。2The peoples life here has become rich or colorful.答案与解析：orand此处表示“生活丰富多彩”，rich与colorful是并列关系，且本句是肯定句，故连词用and。3I called my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened.答案与解析：sobut由called与did not tell.的对比判断连词用but。表示“我给父母打电话了，但是没有告诉他们发生了什么”。4It isnt very cold, but you neednt bring many clothes with you.答案与解析：butso天不太冷“所以”没有必要带很多衣服，连词用so，表示结果。5It may be popular, and you may also get others confused.答案与解析：andbut由“get others confused”判断连词用but，表示“可能会受欢迎，但是也会让别人很困惑”。6(2015四川)In fact, I dont like to go anymore, so Im afraid Ill lose their friendship.答案与解析：sobut作者不喜欢再去那里，“但是”又害怕失去他们的友谊，此处表示转折，因此要用but。7Im sure that until we keep on practising, it will be easy for us to learn spoken English well.答案与解析：untilif此处表示“如果我们不断地练习，学好英语口语对我们来说就会很容易”，所以用连词if引导一个条件状语从句。8. One day, I was cooking in the kitchen as the telephone rang.答案与解析：aswhenbe doing.when.“正在做某事，这时”，是固定句式。9Charles Rolls, a car maker, was very interested in Royces car, but soon Rolls and Royce went into business together.答案与解析：butand“很快他们就合作了”是顺承前一句所说的事情发生的，故连词用and。10Work hard, you will make much progress and realize your dream.答案与解析：you前加and本句是“祈使句and陈述句”句式，表示“做，那么你就会”。11(2016新课标)Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.答案与解析：去掉but句意：餐馆虽然不大，却在我们这个区域很受欢迎。though不和but连用，因though位于句首，故去掉but。12(2016新课标)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking.答案与解析：orand句意：每天他都确保用于烹饪的是新鲜的蔬菜和高质量的油。从句意判断前后是并列关系，故把or改为and。13(2016新课标)If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.答案与解析：butand句意：如果我们待在家里，会很舒服而且也没有必要花钱。上下句之间是并列关系，而非转折关系。142016四川)Mom has a fulltime job, so she has to do most of the housework.答案与解析：sobut句意：妈妈做全职工作，但是她得干大部分家务活。前后句之间为转折关系，故应用but连接。15(2016四川)Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mothers Day.答案与解析：orand句意：爸爸和“我”都打算在母亲节这一天做一些事。both.and.“两者都”，是固定结构，符合语境。2018高考英语语法专练：特殊句式（含答案和解析）在高中阶段，对特殊句式的考查主要包括倒装句、强调句型和主谓一致，下面这些题几乎包含了高考英语对特殊句式的全部考查点，认真做做吧！. 把下列句子变成倒装句1We dont know its value until we lose health._Not_ _until_ _we_ _lose_ _health_ _do_ we know its value.2I will never forget you as long as I live._Never_ _will_ I forget you as long as I live.3I had no sooner gone out than it began to rain._No_ _sooner_ _had_ _I_ _gone_ _out_ than it began to rain.4We can improve our English only in this way._Only_ _in_ _this_ _way_ _can_ _we_ improve our English.5We have so much homework to do that we have no time to take a rest. _So_ _much_ _homework_ _do_ we have to do that we have no time to take a rest.6If it had not been for your help, I would have been late for school._Had_ _it_ _not_ _been_ for your help, I would have been late for school. 用括号中所给词的正确形式填空1Either you or the headmaster _is_ (be) to hand out the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting.2The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _was_visiting_ (visit) a museum when the earthquake struck.3Two fifths of the land in that district _is_ (be) covered with trees and grass.4Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, _work_(work) in the clothing industry.5With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _are_being_washed_ (wash) away each year.6He is the only one of the students who _has_been_ (be) the winner of scholarship for three years.7Every possible means _has_been_used_ (use)to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.8When and where to go for the onsalary holiday_has_not_been_decided_(not, decide) yet.9She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book _have_reached_ (reach) 50 million.10Professor Smith, along with his assistants，_is_working_(work) on the project day and night to meet the deadline. 根据句意与特殊句式，填入适当的词，使句意完整。1_Only_by working hard can you catch up with the other students in your class.答案与解析：句意：只有通过努力学习，你才能赶上班里其他的同学。“only状语”置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。2Not until he went through real hardship _did_ he realize the love we have for our families is important.答案与解析：句意：直到经历了真正的困难，他才意识到我们热爱家人的重要性。not until .置于句首，主句需要部分倒装，用did。3At no time _did_ they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.答案与解析：句意：实际上他们从来不违反比赛规定，惩罚他们不公平。题干中表示否定意义的at no time置于句首，句子应该部分倒装。4“Never for a second，” the boy says，“_did_ I doubt that my father would come to my rescue.”答案与解析：句意：那个男孩说：“我一秒钟都没有怀疑过我父亲会来救我。”表示否定意义的词(主语除外)位于句首时句子要用部分倒装，根据句意可知说的是过去的事情，故用did。5Not once _did_ it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.答案与解析：句意：迈克尔不止一次想过有朝一日他会成为班里的优等生。表否定的not once置于句首，后面的句子需采用部分倒装形式。6_Only_when he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him again.答案与解析：句意：只有在他为自己的无礼道歉时我才会再理他。“only状语从句”置于句首时，主句部分倒装。7It was only after he had read the papers _that_ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.答案与解析：句意：直到阅读了这些文件之后，格罗斯先生才意识到摆在他面前的任务是极难完成的。It is/was . that .是强调句型。还原为普通句式为：Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete only after he had read the papers.8It was not until near the end of the letter _that_ she mentioned her own plan.答案与解析：句意：直到在书信快结束的时候她才提到她自己的计划。本题考查not . until .的强调句形式，即It is/was not until . that .。9It was with the help of the local guide _that_ the mountain climber was rescued.答案与解析：句意：正是在当地导游的帮助下这个登山者才被营救了。被强调部分为with the help of the local guide，将本句还原为普通句式为With the help of the local guide, the mountain climber was rescued.判断强调句型的方法：把It is/was和that去掉后剩余的部分仍是一个完整的句子。10It was not until I came here _that_ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.答案与解析：句意：直到来到这里我才意识到这里之所以出名不仅是因为它的美丽还因为它的天气。强调句结构为it was not until . that . “直到才”。11Little _does_ she care what she looks like; all she cares about is her job performance.答案与解析：句意：她不在乎外表，她在乎的是自己的工作表现。表否定意义的little位于句首，句子要用部分倒装。12Only after Mary read her composition the second time _did_ she notice the spelling mistake.答案与解析：句意：直到第二次读了她的作文之后玛丽才注意到那个拼写错误。“only状语从句”置于句首时，主句要部分倒装，即助动词置于主语前。其次，根据after引导的从句的时态可知，该句要用一般过去时。13Only when he reached the teahouse _did_ he realize it was the same place hed been in last year.答案与解析：句意：直到他到了茶馆的时候，他才意识到这就是他去年来的地方。only修饰状语(从句)置于句首时，句子(主句)需部分倒装。14Find ways to praise your children often，_and_ youll find they will open their hearts to you.答案与解析：句意：设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们会向你敞开心扉。根据句意可知，前句后表顺承关系，故填and。15Was it on a lonely island _that_ he was saved one month after the boat went down?答案与解析：句意：他是不是在船沉了一个月之后在一个孤岛上被人救出来的？结合句意可知，这里用It was . that强调句结构，被强调的是地点状语on a lonely island。. 语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。AThere _1. was_ (be) a girl named Cinderella whose stepmother had two ugly and lazy daughters. Not only _2. did_ they get good cares, but also they needed to do nothing. However, _3. only_ by doing dirty housework could Cinderella get access to food; and seldom could she _4. gain_ (gain) some rest. Not _5. until_ midnight was she allowed to go to bed. Poor _6. as/though_ she was, she was very beautiful. One day, from the palace came _7. an_ invitation, saying that the prince would choose his wife. Away went her stepmother and her stepsisters to the palace. Never had Cinderella _8. been_ (be) permitted to go with them.“_9. Were_(be) I a princess, I would live a whole new life！” sighed Cinderella. No sooner had she sat down _10. than_ a goddess appeared and gave her a smart dress, a cargo as well as horses. But she warned Cinderella that everything would disappear at 12 oclock. When Cinderella arrived at the party, _11. so_ attractive was Cinderella that the prince only danced with her. Hardly had the clock stricken twelve _12. when_ Cinderella began to run, and she left a crystal slipper on the stair. The princes servant came to Cinderellas to find out the owner of the slipper. Cinderellas elder sister couldnt wear it. _13. Neither/Nor_ could another sister. Not a word could anybody say when Cinderella wore the slipper perfectly. From then on she lived happily ever after with her prince.文章大意：灰姑娘每天都要做很多家务，而继母和她的女儿则整日欺负灰姑娘。王子举行选妃舞会，灰姑娘在仙女的帮助下，漂漂亮亮地参加了舞会，并最终成为了王妃。解析：1因There be句型为完全倒装，主语为a girl，故谓语动词是was。2因not only，.but(also).连接两个并列分句，not only放在句首，其后分句需要部分倒装：从前后语境看，get该用一般过去时，而get是原形，故前面应加助动词did。3从could Cinderella get这一部分倒装可以推断，前面是“only状语(介词短语)”。4seldom否定词放在句首时，句子需要部分倒装，又情态动词could提到主语前面了，因此gain用动词原形。5Not until.引导状语从句。6as/though引导让步状语从句，其表语poor提前了。7作地点状语的介词短语from the palace提前，句子用完全倒装，invitation(请柬)作主语，前面用不定冠词。8因否定词never放在句首时，句子需要部分倒装；这是过去完成时的被动语态故填been。9此处的Were I.(If I were.)表示与现在事实相反的假设。10no sooner.than.是固定搭配，意为“一就”。11so.that.是固定搭配，意为“如此以至于”。12hardly.when.是固定搭配，意为“一就”。13灰姑娘的一个姐姐不适合，另一个姐姐也不适合。用neither/nor表示前面所述情况也不适合另一个人或物。BOur school library, along with many other buildings, is very different from other schools. There _1. are_ (be) two computer rooms, three art rooms, a meeting room and a reading room in the library building. The number of the books _2. is_ (be) large, and maybe there are 100,000 books in it. It is said that all the books cost our school 200,000 dollars. Maybe 200,000 dollars _3. is_ (be) large to every student. In the era of knowledge explosion, the number of the students who _4. have_ (have) a thirst for knowledge is increasing day by day. Nowadays, our library has been developed into a multifunctional building. There are 50 computers in it. Many a student _5. likes_ (like) to surf the Internet at weekends here and now you can see that my classmates, Mike and John _6. are_playing_ (play) computer games there. When you turn to another room, you will find that a professor and writer _7. is_delivering_ (deliver) a speech. Each boy and each girl _8. is_focusing_(focus)on his interesting speech. Every time there is a wonderful speech, the audience always _9. cheer/cheers_(cheer) up. You are entering our art exhibition. A teacher with his students is at the room. On the wall _10. are_(be) 100 pictures, which attract many students. An expert and teacher is explaining something important to us.解析：1因there be句型中be动词常与离其最近的主语保持一致。2主语是the number of名词的复数时，谓语动词用单数形式。3时间、金钱、距