高考英语语法要点细讲精练阅读理解.doc

高考英语语法要点细讲精练阅读理解1.Tickets and Events for 2018 London Olympic GamesTickets1A Chinese who wants to get tickets for Olympic Football Tournament should _Aapply to a European appointed ATR by Dec2, 2017Bpurchase through NPC in China by Feb6, 2018Cvisit http:/ticketslondon2018 nowDcontact the NOC in China by Feb6, 20182_will be held in the Olympic ParkAWalking and table tennis BRunning and womens basketball quarter-finalsCTaekwondo and table tennis DMens basketball quarter-finals and taekwondo3Which sport will last the longest period of time?AAthletics BTaekwondo CBasketball DTable Tennis 文章大意 这是一篇应用文。是关于2018年伦敦奥运会的部分赛事以及部分赛事的票价。1. B细节理解题。题干关键词为：tickets for Olympic Football Tournament，由 表格1 中的Olympic Football Tournament后面的信息可以直接得出答案。2. B细节理解题。由表格2中的Venue（场地）中的Olympic park后面的赛事可以直接得出答案。 3.D数字计算题。由表二可知：Athletics(8,38,12）；Taekwondo(8,88,11）；Basketball(7,28-8,12）；Table Tennis(7,288,8）。由此可以看出答案。2. 【2018四川德阳高中高三一诊】The singer, Mick Jagger, of the Rolling Stones sings a song that tells people they cant always get what they want but if we try sometimes we can get what we need. The past years in my life my parents have told me this saying many times. Ive always complained about the quote(引语). Although over time I have told myself to learn from it.This year my girlfriend flew off to college in West Palm, Florida. This has been a killer for me because I havent been able to see her and she is having a rough time in school. The last two months have been hard but we are working through it. I have been trying to get my dad to buy me a plane ticket to go down there. My dad told me if I brought him some money he would help me pay for the ticket. I started to complain to him because I had no way of getting any money to give him. I spent several days and nights thinking of ways to earn money to go see my girlfriend. I finally came to the conclusion that I would get a job and work hard to earn some money to give to my dad. I applied to Safeway and I ended up getting the job.I have been working at Safeway for about a month now and work hard to earn money to go see my girlfriend. The other day my mom had surprised me and told me that she asked her boss if she could use their business miles(旅费) to buy me a ticket down to Florida for two weeks. I was very thankful and told her I would help pay for anything that I have to. The thought of me working hard and getting a job showed my mom that I really cared and was trying my best to be a successful person. I believe that you cant always get what you want but if you try sometimes, you get what you need.1The authors parents often told him the saying quoted from the song because .AHe liked to complain to them about his lifeBThey expected him to learn from the singerCHe always wanted to get everything he wantedDThey tried to educate him to do things for himself2What does the world “killer” underlined in the second paragraph refer to?ASomething that is quite troublesome.BSomething that is very difficult.CA person who kills purposely.DA person who treats women very badly.3What can we infer from the passage?AThe author was lazy and unwilling to work hard.BThe authors father was too mean to give him money.CThe authors actual action won support from his mother.DThe author was unable to tear himself away from his girl friend.4By writing the passage, the author tries to show .Awe can do nothing without moneyBfathers are strict while mothers are kindCits hard for parents to bring up their childrenDwe should try to rely on ourselves for everything文章大意 作者的父亲总是引用歌词教育作者，凡事要靠自己的努力，作者就只凭借自己的努力满足了打动父母，如愿以偿的拿到了去看女朋友的票。1. D推理判断题。由作者在第一段最后的“Ive always complained about the quote(引语). Although over time I have told myself to learn from it.”尽管作者总是抱怨，但自己也承认学从中学到了东西，这正是父母引用的目的所在。2. A考查词义猜测。由下文的解释“because I havent been able to see her and she is having a rough time in school.”可以看出，女朋友离开去上大学了，自己感觉很孤独，再加上女友在学校“having a rough time”，由此可以看出，这正是上文所说的killer，一些使人烦恼的事情。3. C推理判断题。当作者提出让父母出钱买票去看女友的时候，父亲的答复是：作者得出钱，即：“if I brought him some money he would help me pay for the ticket.”后来作者找了份工作(ended up getting the job），并努力赚钱买票(work hard to earn money to go see my girlfriend.），正是作者的实际行动感动了作者的妈妈，从而“asked her boss if she could use their business miles(旅费) to buy me a ticket down to Florida for two weeks.”4. D主旨大意题。作者用开篇用一句歌词引出了主题，只要：只要努力就能得到自己所需要的。中间用自己的一次经历进行了论证，最后一段在回扣：trying my best to be a successful person.， I believe that you cant always get what you want but if you try sometimes, you get what you need. ，也就是：we should try to rely on ourselves for everything。3.【2018上海青浦高三期终】 (You may read the questions first.)Transformers: Dark of the MoonTheatrical Release Date: July 1, 2017Studio: Paramount Pictures Director: Michael Bay Genre: ActionAdventureSequel Sci-Fi 3DThe Autobots, led by Optimus Prime, are back in action, taking on the evil Decepticons. The Autobots and Decepticons become involved in a dangerous space race. The Autobots learn of a Cybertronian spacecraft on the Moon and must race against the Decepticons to find its secrets, which could turn the tide in the Transformers final battle. Shockwave, a longtime “Transformers” character, rules Cybertron while the Autobots and Decepticons battle it out on Earth.Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part IITheatrical Release Date: July 15, 2017Studio: Warner Bros. PicturesDirector: David YatesGenre: ActionAdventureSequelFantasy3DIn part II, the battle between the good and evil forces of the Wizarding world evolves into an all-out war. This final adventure continues Harry, Ron, and Hermiones attempt to find and destroy Voldemorts remaining Horcruxes. Harry Potter is called upon to make the ultimate sacrifice to bring an end to his nemesis.Winnie the PoohTheatrical Release Date: July 15, 2017Studio: Walt Disney PicturesDirector: Don Hall, Stephen J. AndersonGenre: SequelFamily AnimationWinnie the Pooh is a 2017 American traditionally animated feature film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios. Based upon the characters of the childrens books Winnie-the-Pooh, The House at Pooh Corner by A. A. Milne and Return to the Hundred Acre Wood by David Benedictus, the film features two previously unadapted stories from the original books. In the movie, Owl sends the whole gang to save Christopher Robin from an imaginary bad character, and it turns out to be a very busy day for Winnie the Pooh who simply set out to find some honey.1. Which of the following is not the genre of Transformers: Dark of the Moon? A. Action.B. Sequel.C. 3D.D. Fantasy.2. According to the Movie Express above, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part II is mainly about _.A. a journey of Harry, Ron, and HermioneB. high risks of the final adventureC. an all-out war between good and evil forcesD. a fear of Lord Voldemort3. Who might be most interested in the Movie Express of Winnie the Pooh? A. Would-be parents.B. Families with children. C. Writers of childrens books.D. Honey lovers.文章大意这是一篇应用文，向我们介绍了三部电影，以吸引观众。1. D细节理解题。由第一部分的“Genre: ActionAdventureSequel Sci-Fi 3D”可以看出，前三项符合要求。2. C细节理解题。由第二部分的“In part II, the battle between the good and evil forces of the Wizarding world evolves into an all-out war.”可以直接得出答案。3. B细节理解题。由最后一部分的“Studio: Walt Disney Pictures”结合常识可以看出，这是一卡通，应该适合儿童欣赏。4.【2018西安一次质检】More than half of rich Americans have not shown their full wealth to their children, a new survey showed last Tuesday.The survey, published by the Bank of America, studied the rich with $ 3 million or more in assets. It found that “surprisingly few of those surveyed have well-developed plans to preserve and pass on their assets to their children”.The majority of the 457 people surveyed are self-made, first-generation rich. Fifty-two percent of parents have chosen not to tell their children just how wealthy they are, and 15 percent have given away nothing about the family wealth. One in there parents said they had never thought to do it.They are worried that their children would become lazy, spend money freely, make bad decisions and even become a target for gold diggers.Only 34 percent strongly agreed that t heir children would be able to handle any inheritance(遗产) they plan to leave them.“There is an expectation about the wealthy parents that they have a responsibility to pass down their fortune to the next generation,” said Sallie Krawcheck, president of the Bank of America Globai Wealth and Investment Management. “Our research, however, uncovered changing views of what one generation owes the next.”The trend is led by the worlds richest man Bill Gates, who promised in 2017 that he would leave his $58 billion fortune to the charity started by him and his wife, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation(基金会), and not to his children.“We want to five it back to society in the way that it will have the most positive impact,” he said.Of his plans for his children, Gates said: “I will give the kids some money but not a meaningful percentage they will need to work but they will feel reasonably taken care of.” 1We can learn from the passage that .Arich parents may not know how to manage their inheritanceBrich parents dont equal rich kids, at least in the USCAmerican children dont get to inherit their parents wealthDpoor children dont expect themselves to be as rich as their parents2According to the survey, most rich Americans .Athink they owe their children nothingBthink it best to give their money back to societyCdoubt their childrens ability to handle wealthDare confident of their childrens ability to handle wealth3The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refers to .Aresponsible childrenBBill Gates and his wifeCfirst-generation richDrich parents4From the last paragraph, we can see that Bill Gates wants to show .Athe trend of leaving no inheritance to childrenBthe positive impact of charity on societyCthe way of giving back to societyDthe importance of independence for children【答案与解析】文章主要介绍了大多数美国富人处理他们资产的方式，告诉人们保持孩子的独立性比金钱更重要。1.B细节推断题，根据第二段、第三段可知，在美国，大多数富人们不把他们所有的资产告诉孩子们，也不会让孩子们继承太多的资产，可以得出家长富有并不等于孩子富有。B项rich parents dont equal rich kids, at least in the US.(至少在美国是这样）家长富有并不等于孩子富有，符合题意。2.C逻辑推断题。根据第五段，“Only 34 percent strongly agreed that t heir children would be able to handle any inheritance(遗产) they plan to leave them.”(仅有34%的家长坚信他们的孩子有能力处理好留给他们的任何遗产）可以推出66%的家长对孩子们处理资产的能力表示怀疑。所以C.doubt their childrens ability to handle wealth(怀疑他们的孩子处理资产的能力）符合逻辑。3.D根据第六段，第一句是一个that引导的定语从句，句意：那儿有一个关于富有家长们的预料，that引导的定语从句揭示了富有家长们怎么样的预料，那就是他们肩负着把他们的财富传给下一代的责任。因此，这里they指的是那些富有的家长们。4.D根据最后一段句意，我要给孩子们一些钱,但不是一个有意义的百分比，他们将需要工作,但他们会感觉合理照顾。由此可知，这样做的目的是不让孩子们过度的依赖父母，要让他们工作，学会独立。D.the importance of independence for children(独立对孩子们的重要性）符合最后一段的句意。5.【湖北省八校2018届高三第一次联考】Squirrels often communicate with whistles, chirps and chucks, which sound like the word “chuck” Whistles and chirps are like the sounds that many birds makeNow scientists have translated some of their squirrel-speakHare, a professor of zoology at the University of Maniloha in Winnipeg, and his team managed to record squirrels alarm callsThe researchers studied the sounds and then played them back to 60 wild squirrels, which the scientists approached individually with a video recorder to capture(抓拍）their reponsesSome squirrels lifted their heads up and becameAlert(警惕的）Creatures that were more frightened simply ran for their lives and dived into cavesIn effect then, whistles that mix with chucks say theres an enemy of average threat thats here, and whistles without chucks say theres an enemy of seemingly average threat around here somewhere, while pure chirps say, Im hiding here because theres an immediate danger Hare toldDiscovery NewsHare and some other researchers believe such sounds arc part of an advanced language that develops just as all other communication systemsAlthough squirrels risk their lives when they call out to warn others of threats, other squirrels might admire this behaviour, thus increasingly the callers social status, like humans who look up to heroes. Hare added that other animals, such as birds, probably understand at least some squirrel language, since they also may benefit from the alarm calls.In fact, another Canadian study found that deep-voiced, black-capped chickadees have their own language tooAccording to certain research, there are a lot of tidings in chickadees calls, such as directing fellows activities, keeping in contact between mates, and raising alarmsWhile chickadees and other birds are often welcomed into gardens by homeowners, squirrels are frequently viewed as pests(害兽）. Hare wishes a greater understanding of the complex social lives and communication systems of squirrels will provide “hope that humans will gain a greater appreciation and stop doing harm to these animals”.1The text mainly talks about Athe study on the language of squirrelsBthe comparison between squirrels and chickadeesCthe calling for the protection of squirrelsDthe ways for squirrels to escape from their enemies2If a squirrel is in a very dangerous situation, it would probably make _Awhistles with chucks Bpure chirpsCwhistles without chucks Drepeated chucks3The underlined word “tidings” in pardgmph 6 probably means _Adifficulties Bpoises Cmessages Dlanguages4What can be learned from this text?ASquirrels communicate with cach other as humans do.BSome squirrels understand the recorded alarm calls.COther animals also well understand the language of squirrelsDBirds such as chickadees dont have their own language1.A 主旨大意题。纵观全文可以看出，文章向我们讲述了Hare以及他带领的团队对松鼠们所使用的语言的研究。2.B细节理解题。由文章中的“while pure chirps say, Im hiding here because theres an immediate danger”可以看出，B项正确。3.C词义推测题。下文such as 后里列举的“directing fellows activities, keeping in contact between mates, and raising alarms”都是是不同的信息，由此可以看出，该词和message同义。4.B 推理判断题。从文章的第二段中“Some squirrels lifted their heads up and becameAlert(警惕的）Creatures that were more frightened simply ran for their lives and dived into caves”可以看出，松鼠们对于“the recorded alarm calls”反应很忙敏感，也就是说他们能理解。6.【2018潍坊三县联考】 After moving to the United States, immigrant groups trying to fit in tend to choose high calorie fatty foods in an attempt to appear more American，a new study findsThats one reason why immigrants approach US levels of obesity within 15 years of moving to America The researchers also did an experiment that measured whether or not the threat of appearing un-American influenced respondents food choicesAfter being questioned about their ability to speak English，75 percent of Asian-Americans identified a typical American food as their favorite. Only 25 percent of Asian-Americans who had not been asked if they spoke English did the same. When their American identity was called into question during a follow-up study, Asian-American participants also tended to choose typical American dishes，such as hamburgers and cheese sandwichesIn that experiment, 55 Asian-Americans were asked to choose a meal from a local Asian or American restaurant. Some participants were told that only Americans could participate in the study. Those who chose the more typical American fare ended up consuming an extra 182 calories，including 12 grams of fat and 7 grams of saturated fat（饱和脂肪）.People who feel like they need to prove they belong to a culture will change their habits in an attempt to fit in，said Sauna Cheryan，an author of the study and assistant professor of psychology at the University of Washington. If immigrants and their children choose unhealthy American foods over healthier traditional foods across their lives，this process of fitting in could lead to poorer health. Cheryan added Social pressures，the study concluded, are at the heart of the problemIn American society today, being American is associated with being whiteAmericans，who dont fit this image even if they were born here and speak English，feel that pressure to prove that theyre American, said Cheryan 1. The author wants to show that _. A. more and more Asians enjoy high-calorie snacks B. immigrants tend to eat American junk food to fit in C. most Americans are at the risk of heart disease D. all the American people have a bad eating habit 2. According to the survey, _. A. Asian-Americans care less about their health B. 25 percent of Americans like junk food C. choosing food is related to Asian-Americans situation D. immigrants are forced to eat junk food 3. The underlined word fare in Paragraph 4 most probably means _. A. food offered as a meal B. a person taking a taxi C. money spent on food D. an arranged thing to do 4. According to Sauna Cheryan, _.A. what immigrants have done is ridiculous B. American traditional foods are healthier C. immigrants risk their health in order to fit in D. American culture affects immigrants deeply 5. Which of the following should take the blame for the bad eating habit?A. The situation of employment.B. The traditional culture.C. The American government. D. The pressures from society.【答案与解析】 移居美国是不少人的梦想，许多移民不惜以健康为代价千方百计融入美国社会。lB作者意图题。本文是一篇研究报道，第一段是文章的中心段，根据本段第一句中的内容可知作者意在说明移民倾向于食用高能量食物以便融人美国社会。2C推理判断题。从第二段的研究可知，75的被询问过英语能力的亚裔美国人将一种典型的美国食物看做他们的最爱，而只有25的没有被询问是否说英语的亚裔美国人这样做，由此可推断选择食物与亚裔美国人的处境有关。3A猜测词义题：结合上文中的“In that experiment。55 AsianAmericans were asked to choose a meal from a local Asian or American restaurant”以及画线词后面的内容可推知画线词表示的是提供的食物。4C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段后半部分中的内容可推断此人认为移民不惜以健康为代价去融人美国社会。5D细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的内容可知应该把不良的饮食习惯归咎于社会压力。7. 【2018上海春招】 For six hours we shot through the landscape of the Karoo desert in South Africa. Just rocks and sand and baking sun. Knowing our journey was ending, Daniel and I just wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I used words. I had already finished three notebooks and was into the fourth, a beautiful leather notebook Id bought in a market in Mozambique. Southern Africa was full of stories. And visions. We were almost drunk on sensations. The roaring of the water at Victoria Falls, the impossible silence of the Okavango Delta in Botswana. And then the other things: dogs in the streets, whole families in Soweto living in one room, a kilometre from clean water. As we drove towards the setting sun, a quietness fell over us. The road was empty - we hadnt seen another car for hours. And as I drove, something caught my eye, something moving next to me. I glanced in the mirror of the car; I glanced sideways to the right, and that was when I saw them. Next to us, by the side of the road, thirty, forty wild horses were racing the car, a cloud of dust rising behind them - brown, muscular horses almost close enough to touch them, to smell their hot breath. I didnt know how long they had been there next to us. I shouted to Dan: Look!, but he was in a deep sleep, his camera lying useless by his feet. They raced the car for a few seconds, then disappeared far behind us, a memory of heroic forms in the red landscape. When Daniel woke up an hour later I told him what had happened. Wild horses? he said. Why didnt you wake me up? I tried. But they were gone after a few seconds. Are you sure you didnt dream it? You were the one who was sleeping! Typical, he said.