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黑龙江省哈尔滨市六校2017-2018学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题第一部分 阅读理解（百强校英语解析团队专供）（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThere are many international organizations which work to save and protect endangered species (物种) and natural environment. If you would like more information about any of the organizations listed below, you can write to the addresses given.Friends of the Earth (FOE) campaigns on a range of problems including rainforests, the countryside, water and air pollution and energy.Friends of the Earth International SecretariatP.O. Box 19 1991000 G. D.AmsterdamThe NetherlandsGreenpeace uses peaceful but direct action to defend the environment. It campaigns to protect rainforests and sea animals slop global warming and end pollution of air, land and seas. It also opposes nuclear (核) power.Greenpeace InternationalKeizergracht 1761016 DW AmsterdamThe NetherlandsBirdLife International is an organization which works to save endangered birds all over the world.BirdLife InternationalWellbrook CourtGirton RoadCambridge CB3 ONAEngland WWF-World Wide Fund For Nature is the worlds largest private international organization for the protection of nature and endangered species.Information OfficerWWF InternationalAvenue du Mont Blanc1196 GlandSwitzerland1. If you want to learn more about the organizations, what can you do?A. Visit them. B. Send them an e-mail.C. Call them. D. Write them a letter.2. BirdLife International is an organization trying to .A. save endangered birds B. reduce pollutionC. protect ocean animals D. defend rainforests3. Which of the following can we learn about WWF?A. It is a private organization in the United States.B. It helps to protect nature and save endangered animals.C. It works for private panies and rich people.D. It is the worlds largest international organization.【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B【解析】【分析】本文是关于几个关于环境保护的国际组织以及每个组织的特点级具体的信息。【1题详解】细节题。根据第一段2,3行If you would like more information about any of the organizations listed blow, you can write to the addresses given.说明可以写信给他们，故D正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三个表格BirdLife International is an organization which works to save endangered birds all over the world.可知BirdLife International是一个保护濒临灭绝的鸟类的组织，所以A正确。【3题详解】细节题。根据文章最后一部分WWF-World Wide Fund For Nature is the worlds largest private international organization for the protection of nature and endangered species. 说明这个组织帮助保护自然和挽救濒危动物，故B正确。【点睛】文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。（5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。1.此题第一小题属于一一 对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上吻合。答案定位：根据第一段2,3行If you would like more information about any of the organizations listed blow, you can write to the addresses given.说明可以写信给他们。推理关系：题干：If you want to learn more about the organizations, what can you do?文章内容：If you would like more information about any of the organizations listed blow, you can write to the addresses given.答案：D. Write them a letter.，所以D正确。BThe pupils of Grangetown High have been busy getting to know their newest and tallest classmate a 7-meter-tall giraffe outside their school.The giraffe is a huge sculpture (雕像). The schools headmaster noticed it in an artists garden as he drove past one day, and thought it would be perfect for his school. “I knew everyone would love it,” he said, “because our basketball team is known as the Grangetown Giraffes, and they wear giraffes on their shirts. So I asked them to write to the artist, asking how much it would cost to buy the giraffe. He was very kind and got it ready to deliver (递送) in six weeks all for nothing! It was expected to arrive one Sunday morning, so that the pupils would see it when they got to school on Monday at that time they had no idea that we were getting it.”The artist, Tom Bennett 9 was a university professor of chemistry before he retired in 2012 and only took up metalwork a couple of years ago. “Ive always drawn pictures,” he said. 441 can even remember doing it on my first day at school I drew a horse. I wanted it to be the best horse picture ever, but I dont think I succeeded.” Toms first metalwork was a bicycle on which he and his wife could go cycling together, “It was the most unfortable bike ever created,” he said, “so I gave up making bicycles and went into sculpture instead.”Meanwhile the pupils at Grangetown High are very happy with their new classmate. “Were going to hold a petition to give it a proper name,” said one girl. “Everyone likes the expression on its face, so perhaps that will give us some ideas.”4. What can we learn about the giraffe according to the text?A. It was specially made for a basketball team.B. It was as tall as a basketball player.C. It was sent to Grangetown High on Monday.D. It was given to Grangetown High for free.5. How did the pupils probably feel when they got to school on Monday?A. surprised B. sadC. shy D. confident6. Which of the following is TRUE about Tom Bennett?A. He visited Grangetown High as a professor.B. He did well in drawing, especially horses.C. He showed interest in art at an early age.D. He learned a lot about sculpture at university.7. Whats the main idea of the text?A. It was difficult to name a giraffe.B. A metal giraffe arrived at Grangetown High.C. Tom Bennett is famous as a sculptor.D. The Grangetown Giraffes is a strong team.【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述的是一尊长颈鹿雕像的到来成为了Grangetown High这所学校的一道亮丽的风景线。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据He was very kind and got it ready to deliver (递送) in six weeks all for nothing!可知，这件长颈鹿雕塑作品是免费赠予Grangetown High学校的，故选D.【5题详解】推理判断题。根据so that the pupils would see it when they got to school on Monday at that time they had no idea that we were getting it.”可以推断出，周一学生们到校后，看到长颈鹿的雕像时应该会很吃惊。故选A.【6题详解】推理判断题。根据“Ive always drawn pictures,” he said. “I can even remember doing it on my first day at school.可以推断出，他从小就对艺术感兴趣。故选C.【7题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是一尊长颈鹿雕像的到来成为了Grangetown High这所学校的一道亮丽的风景线。故选B.【点睛】根据用词风格，推断情感态度。一篇好的文章，其用词风格常常直接流露或蕴含作者的内心世界和情感态度。所以阅读时要善于捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词句或短语，捕捉那些烘托气氛，渲染情感的词句，进而很好地洞察作者的思想倾向，是支持、反对抑或中立？对于选项而言，要分清选项中的褒义词、中性词和贬义词，以此对照全文。如：1）表示褒义的词语：positive赞成的，supporting支持的，praising赞扬的，optimistic乐观的，admiring羡慕的，enthusiastic热情的等；2）表示中性的词语：uninterested无兴趣的，不感兴趣的； neutral中立的；impersonal不带个人感情的；subjective主观的；objective客观的等；3）表示贬义的词语：disgusted感到恶心的，厌恶的；critical批评的；negative 否定的，反对的；suspicious怀疑的；tolerant容忍的，忍让的；worried 担忧的等。 此题的第2题为推理判断题。【答案定位】第2段so that the pupils would see it when they got to school on Monday at that time they had no idea that we were getting it.”可知学生周一上学时就能看见它了，那时他们还不知道我们在干什么呢？【推理关系】题干How did the pupils probably feel when they got to school on Monday? 文章内容so that the pupils would see it when they got to school on Monday at that time they had no idea that we were getting it.，从他们不知道可推知他们会惊讶，所以答案为surprised。C“Smombies” are very real and a growing cause for concern. Tired of having to constantly warn both locals and tourists to pay more attention to their surroundings to avoid serious accidents, authorities of a small German town have e up with a more positive solution embedding (嵌入) traffic lights in the pavement to make them visible to people constantly looking down at their phones while walking.The seemingly ridiculous safety measure was put in place. Authorities in Augsburg decided to act, installing ground level traffic lights at two tram (有轨电车) stops last Tuesday. The lights flash red every time a tram is approaching, or when the regular traffic light turns red. “We realized that the normal traffic light isnt in the line of sight of many pedestrians these days,” said Tobias Hermes, a city administration official. “So we decided to have an additional set of lights the more we have, the more people are likely to notice them.”Some Augsburg residents appear to be quite happy with the idea. “I think it makes sense,” said Jack Smith, “One always sees young people these days running over red lights. This makes it more obvious that you need to stop.” Others, however, found the need for ground traffic lights disturbing and even frightening. “I find it scary that smart phone users are so engrossed that they need to install lights in the ground so that they notice the tram ing,” one person told the local paper.But do this kind of pavement-embedded lights actually work? Well, if one interviewed teenager is to be believed, not really, “To be honest I didnt even notice it,” he said, “Maybe itd be useful at night, but yeah, I didnt realize it was there until just now.”The word “smombie” a mashup of the words smart phone and zombie was born in Germany. It was voted “youth word of the year” in 2017, but the serious consequences of this behaviour are no laughing matter.8. What can be inferred about “smombies”?A. They are fond of walking.B. They concern others very much.C. They look at phones while walking.D. They hate locals and tourists.9. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “engrossed” in Paragraph 4?A. Disturbed. B. Frightened.C. Encouraged. D. Addicted.10. What is the authors attitude to “smombies”?A. Positive. B. Negative.C. Indifferent. D. Interested.11. What is the text mainly about?A. Ground traffic lights for people looking at smart phones.B. Effective ways to educate people to obey traffic rules.C. The meanings of ground traffic lights.D. The serious problem of traffic safety.【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A【解析】【分析】本文为说明文，文章主要介绍了德国的奥格斯堡政府决定在人行横道下安装红绿灯,以提醒边走路边玩手机的人注意交通安全。【8题详解】细节理解题。文章第一段第一句提到 smombies这种现象引起人们的担忧，再根据本段最后 embedding (嵌入) traffic lights in the pavement to make them visible to people constantly looking down at their phones while walking.可知smombies是指边走路边玩手机的人。故选C。【9题详解】词义猜测题。这里强调的是手机使用者沉溺于玩手机,以至于没有注意到旁边的交通状况，故选D【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段It was voted “youth word of the year” in 2017, but the serious consequences of this behaviour are no laughing matter.可知作者认为这种现象的后果不是开玩笑的事，由此可见作者是持消极态度的。【11题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了安装地下交通灯来提醒走路玩手机的人,以减少他们发生交通事故的风险，因此A正确。【点睛】依据逻辑推理猜测词义 ：运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。常见的逻辑关系有：因果关系，同位关系，对比关系，转折关系等。此题的第2题为猜测词义题中依据逻辑推理猜测词义。【答案定位】根据I find it scary that smart phone users are so engrossed that they need to install lights in the ground so that they notice the tram ing,。根据语境推理可知如此着迷与手机以至于没有注意电车。【推理关系】题干Which of the following can replace the underlined word “engrossed” in Paragraph 4?文章内容I find it scary that smart phone users are so engrossed that they need to install lights in the ground so that they notice the tram ing,【答案】“engrossed”D. Addicted.上瘾的。DWith the development of science and technology, people find it increasingly difficult to keep pace with the most fashionable smart phones in the world, especially when smart phones are connected with robots. If any robot can take over the world, its RoBohon. He has all the information you put in your smart phone and can read human feelings. So everyone probably wants to own the cutest smart robot phone.RoBohon is very useful. He can project photographs and films, tell you he loves you if he senses you are crying and do everything your smart phone can do.RoBohon was created by Japanese electronics pany SHARP. The robot phone, with a 2-inch screen fitted into its back, stands 20cm tall and weighs 390 grams. Most surprisingly, he can walk on his own legs around your home and act as a super cute personal assistant. He can even dance. He reads your text messages, announces phone calls, dries your tears and wakes you up. He can even recognize your face and call your name when you enter the room. He will be always at your side keeping you pany and providing you with great fort.RoBohon can also serve as an alarm clock. The robot can be a wonderful partner in a small conversation. Though he is expensive, more than double the price of iPhone, who wouldnt want a small personal assistant?12. According to Paragraph 3, what can RoBohon do?A. Stand up. B. Sing a song.C. Make a call. D. Write text messages.13. Whats surprising about the robot phone?A. Its very tall.B. It can do something that humans do.C. It cant read human feelings.D. It was created by a Japanese pany.14. Which of the following does the author agree with?A. Most people cant afford RoBohon.B. RoBohoa is cheaper than iPhone.C. RoBohon will be popular with some people,D. iPhone can take over the world.15. What may be the best title for the text?A. RoBohon: Worlds Cutest Smart PhoneB. Robot Phones Are Taking Over the WorldC. Smart Phones Are Changing the WorldD. Robot Phone RoBohon Is Based on iPhone【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A【解析】文章主要介绍了新发明RoBohon这种机器人手机的相关信息。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段Most surprisingly, he can walk on his own legs around your home and act as a super cute personal assistant. He can even dance. He reads your text messages, announces phone calls, dries your tears and wakes you up. He can even recognize your face and call your name when you enter the room.可知它可以站起来走路，所以A正确。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段Most surprisingly, he can walk on his own legs around your home and act as a super cute personal assistant. He can even dance. He reads your text messages, announces phone calls, dries your tears and wakes you up. He can even recognize your face and call your name when you enter the room. He will be always at your side keeping you pany and providing you with great fort.可知它可以做很多人可以做的事情，所以B正确。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句So everyone probably wants to own the cutest smart robot phone.以及最后一段Though he is expensive, more than double the price of iPhone, who wouldnt want a small personal assistant?可知人人都想要得到这么一个只能的机器人手机，所以C 正确。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知文章主要介绍了这种新的智能机器人手机，以及它的功能，所以A正确。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Values for AmericansOne of the most basic moral values for Americans is honesty. The well-known legend about George Washington and the cherry tree teaches this value clearly. Little George cut down his fathers favorite cherry tree while trying out his new hatchet. When his father asked him about it, George said, “I cannot tell a lie. I did it with my hatchet.” Instead of punishment, George received praise for telling the truth. _16_ But Americans still believe that “honesty is the best policy.”_17_ Remember Aesops fable about the turtle and the rabbit that had a race? The rabbit thought he could win easily, so he took a nap. But the turtle finally won because he did not give up._18_ The hill was so steep that the little train had a hard time trying to get over it. But the train just kept pulling, all the while saying, “I think I can, I think I can.” At last, the train was over the top of the hill.passion(怜悯) may be the queen of American virtues. The story of “The Good Samaritan” from the Bible describes a man who showed passion. On his way to a certain city, a Samaritan man found a poor traveler lying on the road._19_ The kind Samaritan, instead of just passing by, stopped to help this person in need,_20_ In fall 1992, people in Iowa sent truckloads of water to help Floridians hit by a hurricane. The next summer, during the Midwest flooding, Florida returned the favor. In less dramatic ways, millions of Americans are quietly passing along the kindnesses shown to them.A. The traveler had been beaten and robbed.B. Another virtue Americans respect is perseverance (坚持不懈).C. As a matter of fact, it is these virtues that help the country develop.D. passion can even turn into a positive cycle.E. There used to be a high and steep hill.F. Sometimes American honestybeing open and directcan hurt people.G. Another story tells of a little train that had to climb a steep hill,【答案】16. F 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. D【解析】文章主要介绍了美国推崇的价值观-诚实，坚持不懈，怜悯。【16题详解】根据后句But Americans still believe that “honesty is the best policy.” 可知前后为转折关系，所以前句应该是诚实的不好的地方，所以F 符合题意，有时诚实会伤害人。【17题详解】根据下文内容伊索寓言中的龟兔赛跑讲的是坚持不懈，所以此段介绍另一种价值观，所以B正确。【18题详解】根据后文提到了hill，所以这句重视介绍了另一个跟坚持有关的爬山的故事，所以G符合题意。【19题详解】根据前后故事的发展可知此处表示这位穷人的悲惨遭遇，所以A符合题意。【20题详解】根据下文介绍的佛罗里达州的人们在接受别人的帮助后回馈社会的行为可以看出怜悯有时会形成良性循环，所以D符合题意。第二部分 英语知识运用（百强校英语解析团队专供）（共两节，满分60分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Im exhausted after a days housework. “Sometimes I just want to do something _21_ than all of this”, I tell my husband Tony, who sits beside me in _22_, weighing his words. Finally, he says, “What youre doing feels really small, but it doesnt mean that it is.” His words reminds me of the _23_ that had happened on the driveway earlier that morning.The kids lined up their scooters (滑板车) for a friendly _24_. I launched the action with a wave of my hand and stepped back to watch the race. Wheels rolled. Kids cheered _25_. But then, a sharp cry ended the _26_.My 10-year-old daughter fell down on the ground,_27_ by a group of broken scooter parts. Blood leaked from an obvious cut in her knee, and tears _28_ in her blue eyes.“What happened?” I asked as I ran to her side.“I dont know” Hannah said as she _29_ the scooter. “My scooter was just missing one little piece”She dropped her head in _30_. “Something fell off my scooter right before the race began, but it was a small thing, so I didnt think it was _31_.”As I lifted Hannah to her feet, her little brother began _32_ the scattered parts in a bucket.With a smile, he presented the pieces to his sister and _33_, “I guess a small thing was really a big deal after all.”“Who dares to _34_ the day of small things” When we prepared to _35_ an old house, one small brick matters. Like the children of Judah, we, too, have a choice. We can _36_ the significance of our lives by the size of our _37_, or we can trust God to use our _38_ offerings for his great glory.As for me, I think Ill ask God to renew my love for this _39_ life that 1 live, because theres a _40_ scooter in my garage that reminds me of my sons declaration.21. A. smaller B. prettier C. bigger D. easier22. A. anger B. silence C. delight D. doubt23. A. beauty B. silence C. accident D. delight24. A. discussion B. argument C. activity D. petition25. A. happily B. angrily C. politely D. gradually26. A. line B. fun C. part D. side27. A. covered B. included C. surrounded D. buried28. A. welled up B. burst out C. came up D. brought up29. A. deserted B. rolled C. cleaned D. examined30. A. excitement B. embarrassment C. amazement D. amusement31. A. important B. creative C. strange D. pleasant32. A. floating B. arranging C. gathering D. recovering33. A. judged B. pointed C. explained D. declared34. A. took down upon B. make most of C. look up to D. take hold of35. A. destroy B. present C. reward D. rebuild36. A. offer B. measure C. convince D. remind37. A. scores B. preparations C. achievements D. failures38. A. small B. huge C. unusual D. sharp39. A. valuable B. wealthy C. significant D. ordinary40. A. perfect B. broken C. harmful D. useful【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述作者作为一名家庭主妇
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