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Unit 2 Robots(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意 1fiction n 小说；虚构或想象出来的事纵联1 超重的；体重超常的纵联2 优雅的；高雅的；讲究的4scan vt. 细看；仔细检查；粗略地看；浏览；扫描5absurd adj. 荒谬的；可笑的6awful adj. 极坏的；极讨厌的；可怕的；(口语)糟透的7affair n. 事务；事情；暧昧关系8cuisine n. 菜肴；烹饪(风味)9grand adj. 大的；豪华的；雄伟的10biography n. (由他人撰写的)传记；传记文学11navy n. 海军；海军部队12chapter n. (书中的)章；篇；回13thinking n. 思想；思考.重点单词写其形1desire n. 渴望；欲望；渴求vt. 希望得到；想要纵联3 奖金；额外津贴；红利；额外收获3sympathy n. 同情(心)4pile_ n. 堆；摞；叠vi. 堆起；堆积vt. 把堆起；积聚5envy vt. 忌妒；羡慕6affection n. 喜爱；爱；感情7bound_ adj. 一定的；密切相关的8parttime adj. 兼职的9junior_ adj. 较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的n. 年少者；晚辈；等级较低者10staff n. 全体员工；手杖11divorce n.vt.纵联4 .拓展单词通其变1satisfaction n满意；满足；令人满意的事物satisfy vt.使满足；使满意satisfying adj.令人满意的satisfied adj.满意的2alarm vt.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动n.警报；惊恐alarmed_ adj.担心的；害怕的alarming adj.使人害怕的；扰乱人心的3favour n喜爱；恩惠vt.喜爱；偏袒favourable_ adj.赞成的；有利的favourite adj.最喜爱的4acpany vt.陪伴；伴奏pany n陪伴；伴随panion_ n伙伴；伴侣；同伴5declare vt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称declaration n宣言；公布6talent n天才；特殊能力；才干talented adj.有才能的纵联57obey vt.& vi.服从；顺从disobey vt.& vi.不服从；违抗8assessment n评价；评定；评估assess vt.评价；评定；估价；估定纵联1.凡事不可过度(over)overweight adj.超重的 overload vt.超载overwork vt.& vi.工作过度 overeat vi.吃得过饱overvalue vt.高估 overuse vt.过度使用overconfident adj.过度自信的 overdraw vt. 透支纵联2.令人佩服的优良“品质”elegant高雅的 mature成熟的sensible明智的 selfless无私的modest谦虚的 noble高贵的generous慷慨大方的 determined坚定的纵联3.“奖金利润”咱都要！bonus红利；奖金 profit利润interest利息 award奖；奖金prize奖；奖项纵联4.“婚姻”词汇知多少divorce n离婚 marry v结婚marriage n婚姻 wedding n婚礼bridegroom n新郎 bride n新娘纵联5.“天才”这边看过来talent n天才；才干 talented adj.有才能的gift n天才；才能 gifted adj.有天赋的genius n天才；天赋单元话题机器人科技子话题1机器人相关技术chip n芯片 artificial adj.人工的intelligence n. 智能 programme n程序function n功能 develop v研发；开发application n应用程序 automatic adj.自动的control v控制 model n模型子话题2机器人开发和研究analyze v分析 observe v观测；观察explore v探索 solve v解决simplify v简化 equip v装备；配备create v创造 invent v发明inspire v鼓舞；启示 research n&v.研究学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2018浙江高考语法填空)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese dishes is seen as especially troublesome .While regularly eating out seems to have bee mon for many young people in recent years, its not without a cost.The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be affordable but doing this most days adds up.There could be an even higher cost on your health.Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in weight problems.句中desire的词性为：名词，意为：欲望；其他表示“渴望”的名词还有hunger, eager, thirst写出加彩单词在本单元的近义词：cuisine写出weight在本单元的派生词：overweight，意为“超重的”2(2011天津高考阅读D)Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire (create) something unique.Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affectedyou most deeply.They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation.The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them.Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with all the material knocking at the door of imagination.Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you.Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on.”用create的适当形式填空：to_create写出affect在本单元的同根名词：affection写出加彩单词在本单元的近义词：_talent 高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2018天津高考书面表达)得知你在设计机器人方面颇有天赋，我很想邀请你前来参加。(talent, desire)Learning_you_have_shown_great_talent_in_designing_robots，here I desire toinviteyoutojoin.2(2017全国卷书面表达)如果你想要我陪伴，请打电话给我。我随时有空。(acpany)If_you_want_me_to_acpany_you,_please_ring_me_up.I_will_be_available_at_any_time.(二)课堂重点释疑1desire n渴望；欲望；渴求 vt.希望得到；想要记牢(1)have a strong desire(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事desire sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事desire that .(should) do sth. 希望做某事练通单句语法填空These activities seemed to satisfy my desire_to_be (be) useful and to feel a meaningful connection to the lives of others.We all share a mon desire for_pleasure, connection and something that is greater than us.The teacher desired that all the exercises (should)_be_handed (hand) in before school was over.用准desire作及物动词，不用于进行时态。desire意为“希望”后接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”。此外，desire作名词时其后所接主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。写美补全句子(2018北京高考书面表达)既然你渴望学习中国文化，我认为北京语言大学是你的理想去处。Since_you_have_a_strong_desire_to_learn_Chinese_culture,_I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you.2alarm vt.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动 n警报；惊恐；闹钟记牢(1)in alarm惊恐地(2)alarmed adj. 担心的；害怕的be alarmed at/by 对惊恐/担心be/get alarmed about 对大惊小怪练通单句语法填空On hearing the scream, he jumped up in alarm.Nothing to be alarmed about,_its probably just a false alarm.The firemen were alarmed at/by the big fire they had never seen before.写美句式升级I was on my way to the bookstore when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, and it frightened me a lot.(alarmed, which引导定语从句)I was on my way to the bookstore when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, which_made_me_alarmed_a_lot/which_alarmed_me_a_lot.3favour n喜爱；恩惠；帮忙；偏爱 vt.喜爱；偏袒记牢(1)ask sb.a favour请某人帮忙do sb.a favourdo a favour for sb.帮某人忙(2)in favour of 同意；支持；赞成in ones favour 有利于某人；对有利(3)favourable adj. 赞成的；有利的练通 单句语法填空Then we voted for the monitor.The result was 28 to 15 in Wang Hongs favour.Do me_a_favour and turn the radio down while I am on the phone, will you?When circumstances are favourable (favour), we must not forget that there will still be difficulties.写美句式改写(2016全国卷书面表达)I am writing to tell you something about my plan for the ing summer vacation and I also want you to help me.(用含有favour的短语改写)I am writing to tell you something about my plan for the ing summer vacation and I wonder_if_you_could_do_a_favour_for_me/do_me_a_favour.4acpany vt.陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有记牢(1)acpany sb.to someplace陪伴/陪同某人到某地(2)acpany sb.at/on sth. 用某物为某人伴奏acpanied by/with . 伴随发生(3)pany nU 陪伴；伴随panion nC 伙伴；伴侣；同伴keep sb.pany 陪某人in the pany of sb. 在某人的陪伴/陪同下练通单句语法填空I dont think its necessary for parents to acpany their children to college.While she was singing on the stage, her mother was acpanying her at/on the piano.(2018全国卷)Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website acpanied_ (acpany) by the touching words.句型转换When children are acpanied by their parents, they are allowed to enter the stadium.Children, acpanied_by_their_parents,_are allowed to enter the stadium.写美 补全句子没有人在节日时陪伴她，这位老太太感到孤独。With_nobody_acpanying_her_during_the_festival,_the old lady felt lonely.5declare vt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称记牢declare for/against声明赞成/反对declare war on/against 向宣战declare .to be/as . 宣布为/是declare that . 宣告；宣称练通单句语法填空They declared against building a new bridge because it would cost a lot of money.The opening of the petition was_declared (declare) yesterday.Some scientists declare that_most of our tiredness es from our mental and emotional attitudes.写美翻译句子在2011年，理查德声称他计划在他40岁生日之前找到40个同年同月同日生(time twins)的人。In_2011,_Richard_declared_that_he_planed_to_find_40_time_twins_before_his_40th_birthday.词汇过关综合训练 .单词拼写1It was a reasonable assessment (评估) and probably pretty close to the truth.2If it werent for Jeffs quick thinking (思考), Tillie could have been badly hurt.3South Africa students like eating fast food so they are overweight (超重的)4Almas musical talent (才能) first came to light before she could even talk.5Davids parents divorced (离婚) when he was six, which had a bad influence on his childhood.6(2018全国卷)There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm (闹钟) clock an hour early and push yourself to work out!7Nearly all the students got full marks in the test and our maths teacher smiled with satisfaction (满意)8As you know, the Spring Festival in China is a(n) grand (盛大的) festival, which we Chinese celebrate cheerfully.单句语法填空1It is a great satisfaction to know the hero finally awoke.2The president was so young that he was junior to some of his employees.3If you had_obeyed (obey) the order, the disaster could not have happened.4Only one third of the people present at the meeting voted in favour of the new law.5In the background of protecting the national culture heritage, local government begins to declare them as nonmaterial cultural heritage.6Everyone has a desire for success while success only belongs to the hardworking people.7My daughter showed a lot of sympathy for the people who were begging from the passing shoppers.8After living in Hangzhou for five years, she has developed quite an affection (affect) for the city.9At present, the rapid spread of the disease is_alarming (alarm) the medical authorities.They are anxious like a cat on hot bricks.10On seeing that the famous actress came onto the stage with her boyfriend acpanying (acpany) her, all the fans burst out screaming.根据提示补全句子1他们大部分人支持我的观点，然而戴维却反对。(favour)The majority of them were_in_favour_of_my opinion while David was against it.2多数从贫困家庭出来的学生都有多学知识的强烈欲望。(desire)Most students from poor families have_a_strong_desire_to_get_more_knowledge.3出于对无家可归孩子的同情，晚上他给他们提供了安身之所。(sympathy)Out_of_sympathy_for_the_homeless_children,_he gave them shelter for the night.4妈妈要我陪她去超市。(acpany)Mom asked me_to_acpany_her_to_the_supermarket.5上周他们声称反对在村子里建一座新的化工厂。(declare)Last week, they declared_against building a new chemical plant in the village.语境辨义根据语境选出divorce的词性和词义(A)n.离婚(B)n.分离(C)vt.与离婚 (D)vt.使脱离；使分离1Some of his ideas are pletely divorced from reality._D_2As far as I know, there is a growing divorce between workers and management._B_3Their marriage ended in divorce._A_4She divorced him after years of unhappiness._C_(一)课前自主学习1._test_out考验出；检验完；试验串记1 给打电话3._turn_around 转身；翻转4leave_.alone 不管；别惹；让一个人待着； 和单独在一起5set_aside_ 将放在一边；为节省 或保留 (钱或时间)串记2 一共；总计7be_bound_to 一定做8reach_for 伸手去够9in_favour_of 支持；赞成10or_rather 更确切地说同根短语串记串记1.这个电话怎么打？ring up 给打电话call/telephone sb. 给某人打电话give sb.a call/ring 给某人打个电话make a phone call 打个电话call back 回电话hang up 挂断电话hold on 别挂电话串记2.“总共；总计”知多少？in all 一共；合计；总计in total 总共；合计；总计all together 总共；一起altogether adv. 总共；完全地1facial expression 面部表情2improve ones social position 提高某人的社会地位3the amused and surprised look 有趣而又惊讶的神情4weep with anger 气得直哭5be pletely transformed 焕然一新6disappear from sight 消失得无影无踪7no risk to . 对不造成危害8in the present and the past 现在和过去9gain a masters degree in chemistry 获得化学硕士学位10throughout his life 在他的一生中1His name was Tony and he seemed more like a human than a machine.机器人名叫托尼，看上去更像一个人，而不像一台机器。2It_was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human.机器人如此通人性，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。3As she turned around, there_stood_Gladys Claffern.她刚一转过身来，就看到格拉迪丝克拉芬站在那儿。4What_a_sweet_victory to be envied by those women!受到那些女士的妒忌，这该是多么甜美的胜利！5Asimov began having_stories_published in science fiction magazines in 1939.在1939年阿西莫夫开始在科幻杂志上发表小说。学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的短语(补全句子)1(2018全国卷阅读C)Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, pared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set_aside_time_ (抽出时间) for them to read.2(2016全国卷完形填空)I turned_around_ (转身) and saw a pleasant woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip.高考采撷(二) 写作中的短语和句式(句式升级/翻译句子)1(2018全国卷书面表达)If you follow my suggestions, I believe you must have a great time.If you follow my suggestions, I believe you will_be_bound_to have a great time.2(2018江苏高考书面表达)毫无疑问，在消费中完全依赖排名也是不明智的。(it作形式主语)There_is_no_doubt_that_it_is_unwise_to_depend_pletely_on_the_ratings_in_consumption.3(2018全国卷书面表达)这是关于这部英文短片的一些相关细节。 (全部倒装句)Here_are_some_relevant_details_about_the_English_short_film.(二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1leave .alone不管；别惹；让一个人待着；和单独在一起记牢leave aside搁置一边leave behind 遗留；把抛在后面leave for . 动身前往leave out 省略；遗漏；忽略leave off 终止；中断练通选用上述短语填空Shes asked to be left_alone_but the press photographers follow her everywhere.The United Nations estimates that more than 900 million people move away for work, often leaving their children behind.Im leaving_for Vienna to visit my children, who have been away from me for three months.Leave the difficult questions aside and try to answer the easier ones.写美翻译句子(2018全国卷书面表达)不要担心，我们中国人都很友好，你不会感到被冷落的。Dont_worry!_We_Chinese_are_friendly_and_you_wont_feel_left_out.2set aside将放在一边；为节省或保留(钱或时间)；暂时不考虑记牢set off动身；出发；引爆；引发set up 建立；引起set down 写下；放下set out (to do sth.) 出发；开始(做某事)set about (doing sth.) 着手(做某事)练通选用上述短语填空He will set_down all his important thoughts in his diary when they are fresh in his mind.They set_up a working party to look into the issue.Armed with the information you have gathered, you can set_about preparing your business plan.写美翻译句子(2017全国卷书面表达)我真诚地希望你能抽出一些时间来看这场艺术盛宴。I_sincerely_hope_you_can_set_aside_some_time_for_the_art_feast.句式集释地点副词位于句首时引起的完全倒装教材原句As she turned around, there_stood Gladys Claffern.悟拓展例句(1)The moment the bell rang, out rushed (rush) the children.(2)The Public Square is an eyecatching sight of the city.There stands (stand) a stone sculpture of a famous historical figure.(3)Present at the conference_were_ (be) experts from all over the world.(4)Buried in the earth_was (be) a jar with lots of ancient coins in it.析用法规则用法归纳(1)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away, out等置于句首，且主语是名词，谓语动词是不及物动词时，句子需用完全倒装。此时，句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。(2)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语，主语比较长且主语是名词时，为了保持平衡或强调表语，常把表语放在句首，引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为：分词/副词/形容词/介词短语be主语。注意事项(1)当主语是人称代词时，不用倒装语序。如：In he came and the lesson began. (2)there be句型中的be可以用表示“存在”的动词，如live, exist, lie, stand, seem, rise, remain, happen, e, go等替代。句型结构为：there存在类动词主语。如：There seems to be something wrong with it.背写作佳句(1)(2018江苏高考书面表达)However, there seems to be some different opinions on the ratings.(要点句)(2)(2018全国卷书面表达)Here es the table manners youre concerned about.(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练.选词填空set aside， test out， ring up， turn around， be bound to， in favour of， in all， leave . alone 1We rang_up Henry but got no reply.He must have gone out.2He turned_around as he heard a noise behind him but found nothing.3The new discovery_is_bound_to_be of great benefit to human beings.4The new product which will be tested_out next month is a bination of traditional methods and artificial intelligence.5There are 32 doctors and 26 nurses_in_all present at the meeting held last night.6I suggest_setting_aside some money every month for education and insurance.7In our city, almost everyone is in_favour_of bringing down the housing price because it is too high for them to buy one.8Leave the boy alone,_and he can make up his own mind.句型转换1To master two foreign languages is necessary for the young.Its_necessary_for_the_young_to_master two foreign languages.(it作形式主语)2How good an example he set for us!What_a_good_example he set for us！(what 感叹句式)3All night long he lay awake and thought of the problem.All night long he lay awake, thinking_of the problem.(现在分词作状语)4Our library lies in the center of our school.In the center of our school_lies_our_library.(完全倒装句)5My mother desires me to go abroad for further education.My mother desires that I_(should)_go abroad for further education.(虚拟语气).读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Zigfried,_a little mouse, once lived happily in a farmhouse with his parents. They got a lot of food from the kitchen easily, because the owner of the farmhouse was very rich. For Zigfried and his parents, Christmas was their favorite. On that day, they could get lots of delicious food than ever like chicken, chocolate and cheese. Every time his father would bring a big chicken leg back for Zigfried. To Zigfried, wonderful food was his Christmas miracle.Unfortunately, Zigfrieds father was caught by a cat when he was hanging around. Years later, his mother died because of illness and the owner of the farmhouse moved to the city. Happy days were away from Zigfried from then on. All the things had already been changed, there was no food anymore in the farmhouse and no family,_and all the rooms were empty.New year was ing again, Zigfried blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside. Still nobody came. Maybe today, he thought hopefully. It was only a few days before Christmas and he was waiting for a miracle. A miracle liked the old times, which he has been waiting for a long time.This farmhouse had been empty for too long. It needed a family. Zigfrieds stomach made a noise. He realized that he hadnt eaten anything since yesterday. He jumped from the windowsill (窗沿), grabbed a bag from his home, and went next door to Farmer Mikes.Farmer Mikes house had been a great place for the little mouse until the farmer married a wife who had a cat. Zigfried trembled when he thought of it. He looked around cautiously as he stole into the room where grain was stored and was quite nervous as he filled his bag with wheat. He was turning to leave when suddenly he felt a hot breath about his ear. His heart beat wildly, and without thinking he started to run but the cat kept chasing him. Zigfried was very familiar with the house and luckily escaped the cats paws (爪子)注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1：The next afternoon Zigfried heard some good news： Paragraph 2：The house came alive the next few days. 写作步骤第一步：速读全文文本大意：本篇讲述了一只小老鼠在农舍里过着富足的生活，不幸的是他的爸爸被猫捉住了，几年后他的妈妈也去世了，农舍的主人也搬走了，他的生活从此改变了。他盼望着圣诞节出现奇迹，希望有人能搬进农舍里住，并讲述了他到邻居家找食物的惊险过程。叙述意图：通过对动物栩栩如生的描写，让我们了解一只小老鼠的故事。第二步：细读全文1所给短文情景模式分析。whoparents, Zigfried, cat, familywhatZigfried wanted to find some delicious food himself for his Christmas. whena few days before ChristmaswherefarmhousewhyZigfrieds father was caught by a cat, his mother died years later and the owner of the farmhouse moved to the city. This farmhouse had been empty for too long.2对原文所提供的下划线词语进行分类。时间：Christmas地点：farmhouse, city人物/动物：parents, Zigf
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