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Unit 2 Cloning(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1twin n 双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一adj. 成对的；成双的2straightforward adj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的3arbitrary adj. 任意的4medium n. 媒介；手段；工具5fate n. 命运；天命6cast vt. 扔；投；掷7conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的8constitution n. 宪法；章程9pulsory adj. 必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的10opera n. 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院11chorus n. 合唱；合唱队12loaf n. 一条(面包)13flour n. 面粉14impact n. 撞击；冲击；巨大的影响15feather n. 羽毛16turkey n. 火鸡17hatch v. 孵出；孵卵；孵化 18moral adj. 道德(上)的；伦理的.重点单词写其形1exact adj. 精确的；准确的2obtain vt. 获得；赢得3attain vt. 获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)4forbid vt. 禁止；不准5shortly adv. 立刻；不久6strike v. 打；撞击；罢工n. 罢工7undertake vt. 着手；从事；承担8breakthrough n. 突破9altogether adv. 总共；完全地10vain adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的11owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于12initial adj. 最初的；开始的13bother vt. 打扰vi. 操心n. 烦扰14merely adv. 仅；只；不过15unable adj. 不能的；不会的16drawback n纵联1 缺点；不利条件17adore vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱.拓展单词通其变1differ vi.不同；相异different adj.不同的difference n差异；不同2identical adj.同一的；一模一样的identity n身份；同一性；一致3mercial adj.商业的；贸易的merce n商业；贸易4plicated adj.复杂的；难懂的plicate vt.使复杂化5correction n改正；纠正；修正correct adj.正确的 v改正6object vi.反对；不赞成objection n不赞成；反对；异议纵联27accumulate v积累；聚积accumulation n积累；增加纵联38retire vi.退休；离开retirement n退休；引退9assumption n假定；设想assume vt.假定；设想纵联410regulation n规则；规章；法规regulate vt.调节；管理11popularity n受人喜爱；流行popular adj.流行的；通俗的；受欢迎的12resist vt.抵抗；对抗resistance n抵抗；对抗resistant adj.有抵抗力的；抵制的纵联513decoration n装饰；装修decorate v装饰；装修14reasonable adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的reason n原因；道理纵联1.“动词副词”合成名词还挺多drawback缺点breakdown崩溃；故障checkout付款处 feedback反馈setup计划；组织 breakup分手；中断gettogether 聚会 workout 锻炼纵联2.学会“反对”和“拒绝”object vi. 反对 oppose v. 反对against prep.反对 disagree vi. 不同意reject vt.拒绝 refuse v. 拒绝decline v. 婉拒纵联3.积少成多accumulate vt.& vi. 积累increase vt.& vi. 增长enlarge vt.& vi. 扩大；放大expand vt.& vi. 扩大；膨胀纵联4.动词变名词的不规则变化assumeassumption 假定describedescription 描述explainexplanation 解释pronouncepronunciation 发音纵联5.以sist结尾的动词你记住了吗？resist抵抗 insist坚持persist坚持 assist协助 consist由组成单元话题克隆子话题克隆技术biotechnology n. 生物科技transplant n&vt. 移植technological adj. 技术的potential adj. 潜在的innovation n. 科技创新digital adj. 数字的；数码的artificial adj. 人工的intelligence n. 智能hightech adj. 高技术的；高科技的device n. 装置；设备appliance n. 器具；器械gene n. 基因beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的advantage n. 优点；优势disadvantage n. 缺点；劣势advanced adj. 先进的学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2018天津高考阅读C)With a 3D printer, a cook can print plicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for (decorate) on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “recreate forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same，” freeing cooks to plete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3Dprinted, rather than farm to table.写出加彩在句中的词性和含义：adj.复杂的用decorate的适当形式填空：decoration；常考短语be decorated with意为：用装饰exactly在句中为副词，意为：确切地，写出在本单元中的形容词：exact2(2017北京高考阅读C)The (resist) to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out (决定不参加) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption (豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new (regulate) for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.用resist的适当形式填空：resistance写出加彩词在本单元的反义词：forbid；联想一下，表示“禁止和禁令”的单词还有prohibit,_banobject在此处为动词，意为：反对，名词形式为：objection用regulate的适当形式填空：regulations高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2018全国卷书面表达)各国对餐桌礼仪的观点大相径庭。(differ)Opinions_on_table_manners_differ_greatly_from_country_to_country.2(2016江苏高考书面表达)人们可以在网上投票支持他们崇拜的人。(cast, adore)People_can_cast_online_votes_themselves_in_favour_of_those_they_adore.(二)课堂重点释疑1object vi.反对；不赞成 n物体；目标记牢(1)object to反对；不赞成(2)objection n. 反对；异议；不赞成have/take/make an objection to (doing) sth. 对(做)某事表示反对raise an objection to sth. 对某事提出异议(3)objective adj.客观的；无偏见的；真实的；宾格的练通单句语法填空A majority of students objected to being_arranged (arrange) for extra lessons during holidays and weekends.As far as Im concerned, I have an objection (object) to charging for parking.Sometimes, some students object to the idea that English classes are taught in English. 用准object表示“反对”时，为不及物动词，加宾语时需加介词to，而oppose表示“反对”时，为及物动词，可直接加宾语。写美翻译句子(2018江苏高考书面表达)对于排名持客观态度是有必要的。It_is_necessary_to_hold_an_objective_attitude_towards_ratings.2forbid vt.(forbade, forbad; forbidden) 禁止；不准记牢(1)forbid doing sth.禁止做某事forbid sb. to do sth.forbid sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事(2)forbidden adj. 禁止的；不准的练通单句语法填空It is high time that we forbade setting (set) off fireworks in urban areas!You are forbidden to_leave (leave) the room unless you apologize for what you have done.用准forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可直接跟动名词作宾语，也可用forbid sb. to do sth.形式，有类似用法的单词还有：allow, permit, advise等。写美补全句子我认为禁止商店和超市提供免费的塑料购物袋是必要的。I think it necessary to forbid_shops_and_supermarkets_from_offering free plastic shopping bags.3owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于；应感谢记牢owe sth. to sb.把某事归功于某人owe it to sb. that . 把归功于某人owing to 因为；由于练通 单句语法填空My English teacher is such a great soul, to whom I owe many thanks.I must say I owe all the achievements to the encouragement and help from my colleagues and friends.I owe it to you that I have made great progress in my English.写美补全句子(2015江苏高考书面表达)尽管大规模地建造了道路和高速公路，但是由于近些年来汽车数量不断增长，所以仍然有许多改进的空间。In spite of the largescale construction of roads and highways, there is still much room for improvement, owing_to_the_ever_increasing_number_of_cars_these_years.4bother vt.打扰vi.操心 n烦扰记牢bother to do sth.操心/费心做某事bother doing sth. 费心做某事bother sb. with sth. 用某事打扰某人bother sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事练通单句语法填空He is always bothering me to_lend_ (lend) him money.Dont bother to_look/looking (look) for my umbrella, and it will turn up some day.Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students to talk over what is_bothering (bother) them.写美补全句子(2016全国卷书面表达)我确实需要你宝贵的建议，希望不会打扰你太多。I do need your valuable suggestions, hoping_it_wont_bother_you_much.5strike v(struck, struck)打；撞击；罢工；袭击；报时n.罢工记牢be struck by 被打动/迷住了it strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that . 某人突然想起strike . into ones heart 使刻骨铭心练通单句语法填空It struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.Struck (strike) by the beauty of the West Lake, we stopped to admire it.Meeting my dear teachers and fellow students after so many years was indeed a warm occasion, one Id strike into my heart forever.(2016全国卷)Just before September, Miller was_struck (strike) by a car and lost his right arm.写美翻译句子(2018北京高考书面表达)所有的国际学生都被我的介绍深深地迷住了。All_the_international_students_were_deeply_struck_by_my_introduction.词汇过关综合训练 .单词拼写1With medical breakthrough (突破), people are living a healthier and longer life.2As is well known to all, there are altogether (总共) seven continents in the world. 3Our school is a nonsmoking school.So smoking is forbidden (禁止的) here.4Economists are working on the assumption (假设) of an interest rate cut.5I think our offer is reasonable (合情理的) and realistic and you shouldnt turn it down.6This question is quite straightforward (简单的), while that one is much more plicated.7But just as a coin has two sides, Internet has its own drawbacks (缺点) which should not be neglected. 8In fact, traffic rules are part of rules and regulations (规章) closely related to public order.单句语法填空1Does it bother you that the man is always asking to borrow money from you?2In view of our long business relation, we do not object to another negotiation.3When climbing Mount Huang, all the tourists were_struck (strike) by its beauty.4Do you know any differences (differ) between British English and American English?5The organization could undertake to_direct (direct) the distribution of aid.6Our strength is from many sources, but most of all, we owe our success to the creativity of our people.7The new clothes in the shop are so beautiful that Anna cant resist taking (take) a closer look at them.8But the hardest part lay in my oral presentation from my memory for to read from the paper was_forbidden (forbid). .根据提示补全/翻译句子1他们反对坐公共汽车去那儿，因为会花费很长时间。(object)They objected_to_going_there_by_bus because it would take a long time.2在过去的10年中，他积累了大量的教学经验。(accumulate)He has_accumulated_a_lot_of_teaching_experience during the past 10 years.3最让他心烦的是没人操心告诉他更改了的时间表。(bother)What upset him most was that nobody had_bothered_to_tell_him about the changed timetable. 4我突然想起家中没有人。(strike)It_struck_me_that_there_was_no_one_at_home.5他把他的成功归功于他的努力和耐心。(owe)He_owes_his_success_to_his_hard_work_and_patience.语境辨义根据语境选出strike的词性和词义(A)vt.使突然想到/想起 (B)vt.突然袭击(C)vt.打动；给以深刻印象 (D)vt.打；敲；击(E)n.罢工 (F)vt.& vi.(钟)报时1Greatly struck by the beauty of the language, I thought how even today Shakespeares writing remains powerful and true._C_2It struck me that we might have made a wrong decision._A_3I got up early this morning before the clock struck five._F_4A big earthquake struck the city last year, killing dozens of people._B_5Youd better strike while the iron is hot._D_6The key reason for the black peoples strike was their poor living and working conditions._E_(一)课前自主学习1object_to反对；不赞成串记1 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清串记2 白费力气；枉费心机4in_favour_of 赞成；支持5from_time_to_time 不时；偶尔6bring_back_to_life 使复生；使复活7cast_down 使失望；使沮丧8(be)_bound_to_(do)_. 一定或注定(做)9strike_._into_ones_heart 使刻骨铭心10in_good/poor_condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)同根短语串记串记1.“v.off”短语荟萃pay off偿清；取得成功cut off切断take off脱下；起飞 turn off关闭put off推迟 move off启动；离开give off发出(光、热、气味等) fall off下降；跌落show off炫耀；卖弄 call off取消go off离开；变质 leave off停止串记2.“in名词”短语小聚in vain白费力气 in relief如释重负地in short总之；简言之 in trouble陷入麻烦in need在困难中；急需 in danger在危险中in advance事先；提前 in order秩序井然1in their research procedure 在他们的研究步骤中2raise a storm of objections 引起了一阵强烈的反对3have a great impact on 对产生了巨大的影响4either . or . 既又5pass on 传给6lead . life 过的生活7the chance of 的可能性8opened everybodys eyes 打开了人们的眼界1Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very plicated.克隆植物简单，而克隆动物非常复杂。2Then_came the disturbing news that Dolly had bee seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。3What do_you_think is the writers point of view in this reading passage?你认为在这篇阅读材料中作者的观点是什么？4Diversity in a group means having animals with_their_genes_arranged_in_different_ways.种群多样性是指种群中动物的基因以不同的方式排列。5The_advantage_is_that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die .其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)完形中的短语(词汇替换/补全句子)1(2017天津高考完形填空)Influenced by her story, I created the As We Heal (痊愈), the World Heals project. My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise D|S50,000 in support of a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger. (用本单元短语替换加彩部分) in_favour_of2(2014天津高考完形填空)My mother is now back with us. But I will never forget what the experience has really taught me. Sacrifices pay_off (取得好结果) in the end.高考采撷(二)写作中的短语和句式(翻译句子)1(2018北京高考书面表达)在中国，你一定会有一次难忘且有收获的经历。(be bound to)_You_are_bound_to_have_an_unforgettable_and_rewarding_experience_in_China.2(2016浙江高考书面表达)计划的好处在于它详细地告诉我们如何做我们想做的事情。(that引导的表语从句)The advantage of planning is that it tells us in detail how we do what we want to do.3(2018北京高考书面表达)很快，茶室变得热闹起来，每个国际学生都想自己泡茶。(with复合结构)Soon_the_tea_room_became_lively_with_every_international_student_trying_to_make_their_own_tea.(二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1pay off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清记牢pay for付钱；为付出代价pay a visit to 参观；拜访pay attention to 注意；留心练通 单句语法填空Will you please pay a visit to Tianjin again so that we may meet again?Id also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether acmodation is included.In my opinion, cloning will pay off sooner or later on condition that we undertake to use it properly. 用准pay off表示“得到好结果；取得成功”时是不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态。写美补全句子正如谚语所说，有志者事竟成。我们的努力早晚会得到回报。As a proverb goes, where there is a will, there is a way. Our efforts will pay off sooner or later.2in good/poor condition状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)记牢out of condition健康状况欠佳on no condition 一点也不；决不(放在句首时，用部分倒装语序)on condition that . 在条件下；倘若练通单句语法填空What I want you to realize is that everybody is likely to be in poor condition.They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend.He said he was out of condition and was unable to take part in the sports meeting.补全句子The teacher always warns us, “On no condition can_we_give_up our dreams.”老师总是告诫我们：“我们绝不能放弃我们的梦想。”写美翻译句子(2018江苏高考书面表达)只要我们恰当使用这些排名(ratings)，它们在很多方面对我们是有利的。On_condition_that_we_use_these_ratings_properly,_they_will_benefit_us_in_many_ways.句式集释that引导的表语从句教材原句The_advantage_is_that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.悟拓展例句(1)The advantage of smiling is that it can not only make us happy, but also please others.(2)(2018江苏高考)By boat is the only way to get here, which is how we arrived.(3)(2018全国卷)But good news is that therere really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home.(4)(2018北京高考)This is what my father has taught me to always face difficulties and hope for the best.析用法规则用法归纳(1)that引导表语从句时，that在句中无词义，但通常不能省略。(2)除了经常考查that引导的表语从句外，what，where, how, why, because引导的表语从句也是考查的重点。做这一类题目的关键点在于理清句子的逻辑关系和句意。注意事项另外，that还可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句等。如：(2018全国卷)Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.背写作佳句(1)(2018北京高考书面表达)The reason why I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you is that the university is known for its language and culture courses intended for international students.(要点句)(2)(2018全国卷书面表达)I have the confidence that you will have a great time. (总结句)词块、句式过关综合训练.选词填空in good condition， be bound to， pay off， cast down， in vain， in favour of， bring back to life， from time to time， strike .into ones heart， object to 1I feel stressed from_time_to_time. Could you offer me some suggestions?2To avoid accidents, its important to check that all your tools are in_good_condition before starting.3Dont let yourself be cast_down by a small failure in the experiment. Try again.4In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought_back_to_life after death.5Keep on working hard like this, and your research is_bound_to obtain great success.6The athletes years of hard training paid_off when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.7Mount Tai struck its beauty into_her_heart and she decided to visit it again the next year.8All efforts will be in_vain if we cant learn English by practicing repeatedly.9There were 16 votes in_favour_of my suggestion, and 15 against it.10She made it clear that she objected_to the proposal, for it was useless and unrealistic.句型转换/补全句子1I have lost his address, and it is a trouble.The trouble is that_I_have_lost_his_address.2He wants to study abroad. His parents prefer him to stay at home.He wants to study abroad while his parents prefer him to stay at home. 3Many people are going to help us, and we are sure to finish it in time.With so many people to_help_us,_we are sure to finish it in time.4The teacher came in and then the lesson began. In_came the teacher and the lesson began.5你认为上面哪件事是最有趣的？Which of the events above do_you_think will be the funniest? .读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Walking up to the ringing phone, I looked at my clock. Midnight. Panicky thoughts filled my sleepy mind as I grabbed the receiver.“Hello？” My heart pounded.“Mama？” The voice answered. My thoughts immediately went to my_daughter.When I heard the sound of a young crying_voice,_I grabbed my_husband.“Mama, I know its late. But dont say anything until I finish. And before you ask, yes, Ive been drinking. I nearly ran off the road a few miles back and .”I took a sharp breath,_released my husband, and pressed my hand against my forehead (额头). Something wasnt right.“ And I got so scared. I want to e home. I know running away was wrong. I should have called you days ago but I was afraid . ”I tried to talk: “I think .”“No! Please let me finish！” She said, desperately. Before I could go on, she continued. “Im pregnant (怀孕的), Mama. I know I shouldnt be drinking . but Im scared, Mama.”I bit into my lip (嘴唇), feeling my eyes filled with tears. My husband left the room, and returned seconds later with a cellphone against his ear. She asked, “Are you still there? Please dont hang up on me! I feel so lonely.”I held the phone. “Im here. I wouldnt hang up，” I said.“I should have told you, Mama. But when we talk, you just keep telling me what I should do. You read all those pamphlets (手册) on how to talk to kids,_but all you do is talk. You dont listen to me. Because youre my mother,_you think you have all the answers. But sometimes I dont need answers. I just want someone to listen.”I stared at the howtotalktoyourkids pamphlets on my nightstand (床头柜)“ Im listening，” I whispered.Then she said she had called a taxi. When the taxi arrived, she hung up.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1：I went to my 16yearold daughters room. Paragraph 2：I looked at our sleeping daughter. 写作步骤第一步：速读全文文本大意：作者接到了一个电话，电话中的女孩错把作者当成自己的妈妈，女孩跟作者说的一些话触动了作者的心灵。叙述意图：文章告诉我们要学会倾听。第二步：细读全文1所给短文情景模式分析。whoI, a young girl, my daughter, my husbandwhatA young girl mistook the author for her mother and called to tell the author to learn to listen to her. whenmidnightwhereat homewhyThe girl ran away from home and felt lonely. She wanted her mother to listen to her.2对原文所提供的下划线词语
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