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阅读理解板块限时练(三)(限时30分钟).阅读理解AKatherine Schreiber and Leslie Sim are experts on exercise addiction who believe that tech advances encourage obsessive (强迫性的) goal monitoring. Schreiber and Sim dislike wearable tech.Wearable tech is a term that describes clothing and accessories (配件) with electronic puterbased functions. Schreiber and Sim were particularly critical of watches and trackers that present wearers with instantly updated fitness records. Many of these devices either give you goals or ask you to set your own. Reach the goal, and the device emits a beep (发出嘟嘟声). Ive watched friends and family members respond to that beep, and its hard not to think of Pavlovs dog with Pavlovs dog, associating the sound of a bell with the smell of food caused the dog to drool (流口水) when the bell rang.Schreiber and Sim both recognized that smartwatches and fitness trackers have probably encouraged people who arent very active to exercise more consistently. But as experts in addiction, they were convinced the devices were also quite dangerous. Schreiber explained that “focusing on numbers divorces you from being in tune with your body. Exercising bees mindless, which is the goal of addiction.”Numbers pave the road to obsession. “When it es to exercise, everything can be measured，” Sim says. “How many calories you burn; how many laps you run; how fast you go. And if you went, say, two miles yesterday, you dont want to go less than that today. It bees fairly pulsive.” Many of Sims patients experience this constant need to check in. A tenyearold boy who visited her clinic in Minneapolis was known for being a fast runner, and he was very proud of his speed. His biggest concern was that he might slow down, so he constantly checked his speed by moving all the time. “He would drive his parents crazy. When they visited Minneapolis for their evaluation, he kept the entire hotel awake at night. They were getting plaints because he was running around his room.”Most people bee obsessive when theyre focusing on numbers. Even if youre tired, and feel you need to rest, youll continue walking or running till you reach your arbitrary numerical goal.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。专家指出，使用健身追踪器容易导致运动成瘾症。1What is Schreiber and Sims attitude towards wearable fitness trackers?ADisapproving. BFavorable.CDoubtful. DCurious.解析：选A观点态度题。由第一段末的“Schreiber and Sim dislike wearable tech.”及第二段中的“Schreiber and Sim were particularly critical of watches and trackers that present wearers with instantly updated fitness records.”可知，这两位专家反对使用可穿戴式健身追踪器。2Which kind of people act like Pavlovs dog?AThose who have pet dogs.BThose who do exercise regularly.CThose who pursue their goals in life.DThose who use wearable fitness devices.解析：选D推理判断题。由第二段中的最后两句话可知，那些使用可穿戴式健身追踪器的人在听到达到目标后设备发出的嘟嘟声时的反应让人想起苏联生理学家和实验心理学家巴甫洛夫的狗。这只狗经训练后一听到铃声就以为美食到了，因此会流口水。据此推断，那些使用可穿戴式健身追踪器的人的行为就像巴甫洛夫的狗。3How did the tenyearold boy drive his parents mad?AHe was addicted to running.BHe couldnt run fast enough.CHe kept plaining about them.DHe paid little attention to his studies.解析：选A细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“His biggest concern . moving all the time.”及“he kept the entire hotel awake . running around his room”可知，这个男孩跑步成瘾导致他的父母抓狂。BFor the past three summers, Jenny Howard has worked on Seal Island, Maine. Howard, who holds a bachelors degree in arts and biology with an environmental science concentration from Kenyon College in Ohio, is the supervisor (主管) for Project Puffin, a seabird restoration project. She and a small crew of volunteers monitor and protect the seabirds during the summer breeding (繁殖) season.The puffin with a colorful beak (喙) is often referred to as a “sea parrot”. They were hunted more than 150 years ago for food and feathers and disappeared from Seal Island, once home to the largest puffin habitat in Maine. Dr. Steve Kress, founder of Project Puffin, reintroduced the puffin to the island 40 years ago.From midMay to midAugust, crews live in tents that are on top of 8footwide wooden platforms, overlooking a rocky beach. “You get really close to people really fast because youre spending all your time with them，” Howard said.The crew brings only what they can carry on their backs when they travel to the island: clothes, books, and food. Theres no refrigeration on the island, and with the exception of two solarpowered lights, theres no electricity either. Food and fresh water are delivered every 10 days by a local.The only real structure on the island is the Seal Island cabin. It offers more protection than the tents and is where most of the research and data entry are done. Its also a safe place for the crew to cook and stay warm.For Howard, the best part of a day spent on the island is getting to play with the birds. “You see a baby chick, and you cant help but smile，” Howard said. “Its a pletely different style of life from the average person, but I just love the work, and I love waking up and getting excited about what Im going to do.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Jenny Howard是“海鹦项目”的主管，为了观察和保护海鹦的繁殖，她和志愿者们一起住在海豹岛上，过着简单而快乐的生活。4What does Howard do on Seal Island?AShe protects puffins from hunting.BShe helps Dr. Kress with his research.CShe helps puffins with their productivity.DShe studies for an environmental science degree.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She and a small crew of volunteers monitor and protect the seabirds during the summer breeding (繁殖) season.”可知，Howard住在海豹岛上是为了观察和保护海鹦繁殖，以使其数量不断增加。5What does the underlined word “people” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AThe hunters.BThe locals.CThe puffins. DThe volunteers.解析：选D词义猜测题。结合第一段中的“She and a small crew of volunteers monitor and protect the seabirds”和第三段中的“crews live in tents that are on top of 8footwide wooden platforms”可知，Howard和志愿者们一起住在狭小的帐篷里，很快就互相了解了。 6How are the working conditions on Seal Island?APoor. BSafe.CFlexible. DSatisfying.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第四段内容和第五段中的“The only real structure on the island is the Seal Island cabin.”可以推知，岛上的生活和工作条件都很艰苦。7What would be the best title for the text?ADo what you likeBRare seabirds on Seal IslandCLiving simply to help save puffinsDReintroducing puffins to Seal Island解析：选C标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了Jenny Howard和她的同伴们住在海豹岛上保护海鹦的故事，故C项作标题最能概括文章主旨。CThe other day, my sister and I were sitting in a restaurant, trying to have a conversation, but her children, fouryearold Willow and sevenyearold Luca, would not stop fighting. The arguments over a fork, or who had more water in a glass never stopped.Then my sister reached into her handbag, produced two shiny iPads (苹果平板电脑), and handed one to each child. Suddenly, the two were quiet. They sat playing games and watching videos, and we continued with our conversation.After our meal, as my sister stuffed the iPads back into her bag, she said，“I dont want to give them the iPads at the dinner table, but if they keep them occupied for an hour so we can eat in peace, I often just hand them over. Im afraid its bad for them. I do worry that it makes them think its OK to use electronics at the dinner table in the future.”Dr. Gary Small, director of the Longevity Center at the University of California, Los Angeles says that the brain is highly sensitive to stimuli (刺激物), like iPads and smartphone screens, and if people spend too much time on one technology, and less time interacting (互动) with people like parents at the dinner table, that could prevent the development of certain munication skills.“Conversations with each other are the way children learn to have conversations with themselves, and learn how to be alone，” said Sherry Turkle, a professor of science, technology and society at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She fears that children who do not learn real interactions, which often have imperfections, will e to know a world where perfect, shiny screens give them a false sense of intimacy (亲密) without risk. However, they need to be able to gather themselves and know who they are. So someday they can form a relationship with another person without a panic of being alone. “If you dont teach your children to be alone, theyll only know how to be lonely，” she said.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。用iPad让孩子们安静下来似乎很有效，但是这样做对吗？8What did Willow and Luca fight about?AiPads. BLittle things.CDelicious food. DInteresting things.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The arguments over a fork, or who had more water in a glass never stopped.”可以看出，Willow和Luca为一些小事争吵。9According to Dr. Small, what should parents do?AProvide their children with various technologies.BTeach their children munication skills.CTalk to their children at the dinner table.DLimit their childrens screen time.解析：选D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“if people spend too much time on one technology . prevent the development of certain munication skills”可知，长时间使用电子设备有碍于孩子们一些沟通技能的发展，因此家长应该限制孩子使用这些设备的时间。10What is Sherry Turkle worried?AChildren are afraid of taking risks.BChildren try to escape from the real world.CChildren cant live without electronic devices.DChildren cant deal with panionless situations.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She fears that children who . a false sense of intimacy (亲密) without risk.”可知，Sherry Turkle担心孩子们习惯了电子设备的陪伴，认为真正的人际交往也是如此，随时随地有人陪伴，因此他们会受不了孤单。.阅读七选五When hiring managers post jobs, they get more applications than they want to go through._11_ Avoiding these mon job application mistakes will help keep your application out of the garbage._12_The instructions are very important.Failing to follow instructions will get your application thrown away because it shows the hiring manager that you lack attention to detail.Ignore the required attachments (附件)When a job posting requires more than an application form, the organization is telling you that they will use these additional materials to make the decision._13_ Therefore, the hiring manager will throw out applications that do not include all the required attachments.Apply for a job you are obviously overqualified for.Someone with 20 years of experience in academic research who applies for a technician (技术员) position can obviously perform the tasks; however, this person is almost certainly a bad hire._14_Leave the reader confused.Often hiring managers want a clear picture of what each candidate will bring to the job. _15_ Be as brief as possible while giving a thorough explanation of why you would be good for the job.AWork out the details carefully.BUsing too many long or rare words will bore readers.CPay no attention to instructions on the application form.DThis person would find the position boring and leave soon.EThey try to sort out people who are unlikely to be successful in the job.FApplying for a job you are unqualified for wastes your time and the employers time.GIf you ignore these materials, the hiring manager is missing information to pare you with other applicants.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。当我们在申请工作时，我们的职位申请表如何才能不被招聘者丢到一边？文章建议我们要避免一些不必要的错误。11选E根据空前的内容可知，招聘者要浏览很多的申请表，所以他们要努力淘汰一些他们认为不能胜任该职位的申请人。12选C由本段的内容可知，作者告诫我们一定要注意招聘广告上的说明，如果不按照要求做的话，那招聘者会认为你不注重细节。因此C项作为小标题，告诉我们一个求职者会犯的错误：忽略申请表上的指示。13选G根据空后的内容“Therefore, the hiring manager will throw out applications that do not include all the required attachments.”可知，如果你忽略了这些东西，招聘者就不能用这些信息来把你与其他人相比较，这样就可能会因为相关附件的缺失而导致我们的申请表被扔到一边。14选D根据前文可知，对于一个能力大于实际职位需要的人来说，他们有可能会在工作之后不久就会感到无聊而离职，因此这也不是一个成功的招聘。15选B根据空后的“Be as brief as possible”可知，此处建议我们要言简意赅，否则会让招聘者感到无聊，不想再继续看下去。
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