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第4讲情态动词与虚拟语气1Its strange that he have taken the books without the owners permission.(2018江苏，24)Awould BshouldCcould Dmight答案B解析句意为：很奇怪，他竟然未经主人同意就拿走了那些书。此处should作情态动词，表示“竟然”，符合句意，故选B。2There is a good social life in the village，and I wish I a second chance to bee more involved.(2018江苏，27)Ahad Bwill haveCwould have had Dhave had答案A解析句意为：在这个村子里社交生活良好，我希望我能再有机会更多地参与其中。I wish后接从句，从句要用虚拟语气。叙述与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语用did(be动词用were)；叙述与过去事实相反的假设，从句谓语用had done；叙述与将来事实相反的假设，从句谓语用would/could do。由语境可知，此处叙述与现在事实相反的假设，故选A。3In todays information age，the loss of data cause serious problems for a pany.(2018北京，12)Aneed BshouldCcan Dmust答案C解析根据句意可知应该选C项。can在此表示可能性，意为“可能，会”。need需要；should应该；must必须，以上三者均不符合句意。句意为：在如今这个信息时代，数据的丢失可能会给一个公司带来严重的问题。4They might have found a better hotel if they a few more kilometers.(2018北京，13)Adrove Bwould driveCwere to drive Dhad driven答案D解析根据主句的谓语形式以及语境可知，if条件句应该用过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的结构：主句谓语用“should/would/could/mighthave done”，从句谓语用“had过去分词”。5I cant find my purse.I it in the supermarket yesterday，but Im not sure.(2018天津，10)Ashould leave Bmust have leftCmight leave Dcould have left答案D解析句意为：我找不到我的钱包了。我昨天可能把它落在了超市里，但我不确定。根据句中的时间状语yesterday可知空格处是对过去发生事情的推测，需用“情态动词have done”，B、D两项符合；再根据句中的but Im not sure排除B项“一定落在”，故选D项。若C项改为might have left，也是正确的。6If we the flight yesterday，we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.(2018天津，15)Ahad caught BcaughtChave caught Dwould catch答案A解析句意为：如果我们昨天赶上了航班的话，我们现在就在海滩上享受假期了。根据前半句中的时间状语yesterday以及后半部分中的would be enjoying及时间状语now可知，这是一个错综时间条件句。从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，故用“had动词的过去分词”。7Do you have Bettys phone number?Yes.Otherwise，I able to reach her yesterday.(2017天津，15)Ahadnt been Bwouldnt have beenCwerent Dwouldnt be答案B解析句意为：你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？有。不然我昨天就联系不上她了。由空前的otherwise及句意可知应用虚拟语气，此处表示与过去事实相反的情况，谓语动词用would have done，故选B项。8If it for his invitation the other day，I should not be here now.(2016江苏，27)Ahad not been Bshould not beCwere not to be Dshould not have been答案A解析句意为：如果不是他前几天邀请我，我现在就不会在这里了。根据句子结构和句意可知，此处为虚拟语气，再结合时间状语the other day可知，这是对过去行为的虚拟，故if从句要用过去完成时。诊断报告考向对应题号我的薄弱环节情态动词1,3,5虚拟语气2,4,6,7,8解题方法方法1意义判断法所谓意义判断法就是分析语境并确定应填情态动词的含义。因此熟练掌握每个情态动词的意义和用法是做题的前提。方法2句型判断法有些情态动词需要用在特定的句型中，如may表示推测时，往往用在肯定或否定句中；must表示推测时只能用于肯定句中。运用此法就是通过分析所给句子的句型特点，选用具有特定句型特点的情态动词。方法3语气判断法情态动词主要表示说话人的语气、情感或态度，所以在解答此类试题时，一定要注意说话者的语气(这也是解题的难点)，这就要求正确理解句子，从说话者的角度去考虑问题，结合具体的语境来分析和判断，最后确定所需情态动词是否符合特定的情感需要。方法4人称判断法有些情态动词在表达某个意义时，要与特定的人称连用，这为我们选择正确答案提供了方向。方法5特定词汇、句型提示法虚拟语气可以用在状语从句、名词性从句、定语从句中，在不同的从句中，虚拟语气用不同的动词形式来体现，如if非真实条件句(分三种情形)，wish后的宾语从句等。所以，掌握了各类从句中虚拟语气的动词形式，就基本上掌握了虚拟语气的用法。另外，某些词、句如if it were not for/had not been for，but for.，if only.，without等，往往也要采用虚拟语气。考点1情态动词的基本用法 1My book，The House of Hades，is missing.Who have taken it? Aneed BmustCshould Dcould答案D解析第二句句意为：可能是谁把它拿走了呢？could可表示说话者主观猜测的“可能”，此时用于否定句和疑问句中，符合题意。need需要；must一定，肯定，表猜测时通常只用于肯定句；should多指预期的事，常译为“按道理说应该”。2They are said to have been familiar with each other.But they .They were introduced only hours ago.Amay not have been Bcouldnt have beenCmustnt have been Dneednt have been答案B解析句意为：据说他们互相之间已经非常熟悉了。但是不可能啊。他们几小时前才被介绍认识的。根据句意可知这是对过去情况的否定推测，应用couldnt have done表示“过去不可能做了某事”。3Life is unpredictable；even the poorest bee the richest.Ashall BmustCneed Dmight答案D解析句意为：生活是难以预料的，甚至是最穷的人都有可能变成最富的人。might表示比较小的可能性，常用于肯定句和否定句中，符合题意，故选D项。shall表示将来时态，或命令、允诺、威胁等强烈语气；must一定；need需要，均不合题意。4Samuel，the tallest boy in our class， easily reach the books on the top shelf.(2017北京，21)Amust BshouldCcan Dneed答案C解析句意为：我们班最高的男孩塞缪尔能(can)轻松地够到顶层架子上的书。此处表示能力，要用can。must必须；should应当，应该；need需要。5It was really annoying；I get access to the data bank you had remended.Awouldnt BcouldntCshouldnt Dneednt答案B解析句意为：真烦人，我无权使用你推荐的资料库。couldnt意为“不能”，符合语境。wouldnt不愿意；shouldnt不应该；neednt没必要。6My room is a mess，but I clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.(2017天津，2)Adarent BshouldntCneednt Dmustnt答案C解析句意为：我的房间很乱，不过今晚在我出去之前，我没必要(neednt)打扫它。我可以在(明天)早晨打扫。darent不敢；shouldnt不应该；mustnt不准。7I have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me.Amightnt BmustntCneednt Dcouldnt答案C解析句意为：在来到新学校前我本不必担心，因为在新学校我的同班同学对我很友好。neednt have done sth.本没必要做某事，符合题意。考点归纳(一)基本用法1表示肯定推测时mustwillwouldought toshouldcancouldmaymight。2表示否定推测时cant语气最强，意为“不可能”；may/might/could not的语气较弱，意为“可能不”。(mustnt不表示否定推测，而表示“禁止，不能”。)3表示推测时，must只能用在肯定句中；may和might往往用在肯定句和否定句中；can和could可用于各种句式，can用于肯定句中时，有时表示“一时的可能性或暂时的可能性”。4“情态动词do”表示对目前动作的推测；“情态动词be doing”表示对正在发生的动作的推测；“情态动词have done”表示对过去发生的动作的推测。(二)may和might的用法1表示许可。表示请求允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时要用mustnt，表示“不可以”“禁止”。(1)You may drive the car.你可以驾驶这辆车。(2)Might I use your pen?No，you mustnt.我能用你的钢笔吗？不，你不能。2表示推测、可能(常用于肯定句中)。 He may be very busy now.现在他可能很忙。3用于祈使句中表示祝愿。May you succeed!祝你成功！(三)can和could的用法1表示能力，could 是 can 的过去式。(1)Can you speak English? 你会说英语吗？(2)Could you speak English then? 那时候你会说英语吗？2表示请求允许，可用 can或 could，could语气较委婉；表示给予允许，一般只用 can，而不能用 could。Could/Can I use your pen?Yes，of course you can.我可以借用你的钢笔吗？当然可以。3can表推测时，通常只用于否定句或疑问句；有时也用于肯定句中，表示理论上的可能性，或表示“有时可能会”之意。(1)Why does he know this? Can someone have told him about it？他怎么知道？会是哪个人告诉他了吗？(2)It can be very cold in Scotland.苏格兰天气有时会很冷的。(四)need，dare的用法1need表示“需要”，作情态动词时，常用于否定句或疑问句中。用于疑问句中时，肯定回答要用must。“neednt have过去分词”结构表示“本来不必做某事而实际上做了”。(1)You neednt e so early.你不必来这么早。(2)You neednt have waited for me.你本来没有必要等我的。2dare作情态动词用时，常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，过去式形式为dared。(1)How dare you say Im unfair!你怎么敢说我不公平！(2)He darent speak English before such a crowd.他不敢在这么多人面前说英语。3dare和 need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。考点2情态动词的特殊用法1I still remember my happy childhood when my mother take me to Disneyland at weekends.Amight BmustCwould Dshould答案C解析此题考查的是would表示过去的习惯性动作，可译为“过去常常”。句意为：我仍旧记得我快乐的童年，那时我的母亲常在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。2Just as we were sitting down to have dinner，the telephone ring.Amust BcouldCmight Dneed答案A解析must在此表示说话人的愿望或感到不耐烦，意为“偏要”。句意为：正当我们要坐下来吃饭时，偏偏电话铃响了。3It was sad to me that they，so poor themselves， bring me food.Amight Bwould Cshould Dcould答案C解析句意为：让我难为情的是，他们自己那么穷，竟然还要给我带吃的。should可表示说话人的惊奇、愤怒、失望等特殊情感，此处意为“竟然”，表惊讶。4According to the new school regulations，the students be forbidden to go out beyond 1030 at night.Amust BshallCmay Dcan 答案B解析句意为：根据新的校规，晚上超过十点半学生禁止外出。shall表示法律条约、规章制度等规定的内容。意为“应该，必须”。考点归纳(一)would的用法would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比used to正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。(1)He would e to have a chat with us when he was free.他有空时，常会过来跟我们聊天。(2)He used to live in a cottage near the river.他过去常住在河边的一座小木房里。(二)must的用法must用在条件句或疑问句中，有时表示固执坚持，意为“一定要，非得要”。(1)Must you make that dreadful noise?你非要弄出这讨厌的噪音吗？(2)If you must go，take my umbrella.如果你非要走，就带上我的伞。(三)shall的用法1shall用于主语为第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话者(而非句子主语)给对方的一种允诺、威胁、命令、警告等。(1)You shall have a lot of money.你会有很多钱的。(允诺)(2)You shall arrive there before sunset.你们要在日落前到达那里。(命令)(3)She shall get what she deserves.她会有报应的。(警告)2shall用于主语为第三人称的陈述句中，表示条约、规章、法令等中的义务或规定，常译为“应，必须”。(1)All members shall contribute to the fund needed for carrying on such activities.所有成员都要捐助进行这一类活动所需要的经费。(2)Visitors shall not pick flowers.游客不得攀折花木。3在下列句型中的that从句里常用should，把that从句的情景看成是可能存在的，也就是说，对从句表达的情景表示怀疑、惊讶、忧虑、惋惜、欢喜等，翻译时，常加上“竟然”两字。Im surprised/sorry/satisfied/glad/afraid/anxious/worried.that.I think it important/a pity.that.I cannot imagine/believe.that.It worries me/astonishes me.that.It is proper/likely/probable/possible.that.(1)Im surprised that he should feel lonely.他竟然会感到孤独，真使我惊讶。(2)It is astonishing that he should have mitted the same mistake.他竟犯了相同的错误，真令人吃惊。考点3考查固定结构中情态动词的用法His way of addressing one hard problem last Friday lead to the rise of another.Awould rather Bmay wellCshall Dneed答案B解析句意为：他上周五处理一个难题的方法很有可能导致另一个难题的出现。may well do sth.很可能做某事，为固定搭配。考点归纳1cannot/never.too/enough.再也不过分，越越好2cant help/choose but do.只好做3cant but do.不得不做4cant help doing.情不自禁做5it cant be helped实在没办法；无法避免6more than sb.can.非某人所能7may/might well do.很有可能做某事8may/might as well do.不妨做；还是做的好考点4虚拟语气1If the new safety system to use，the accident would never have happened.(2017北京，34)Ahad been put Bwere putCshould be put Dwould be put答案A解析句意为：要是新的安全系统被投入使用了的话，这起事故就不会发生了。此处表示与过去事实相反的情况，所以从句谓语用过去完成时，选A项。2 not for the support of the teachers，the student could not overe her difficulty.(2017江苏，22)AIt were BWere itCIt was DWas it答案B解析句意为：如果没有老师们的支持，这名学生不可能战胜困难。此处表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语用were；在非真实条件句中，如果有should，had或were时，可以省略if，而把should，had或were提至主语前，形成部分倒装，故选B项。3Without his wartime experiences，Hemingway his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.Adidnt write Bhadnt written Cwouldnt write Dwouldnt have written答案D解析句意为：要是没有战争时的经历，海明威就不会写出他的著名小说永别了，武器。该句使用了含有without的含蓄虚拟语气，由语境知，这里是对过去情况的假设，因此主句谓语用“would/could/should/mighthave done”，故D项正确。4It is lucky we booked a room，or we nowhere to stay now.Ahad Bhad hadCwould have Dwould have had答案C解析句意为：很幸运我们订了一个房间，否则我们现在将无处可住。or引导含蓄虚拟条件句，根据“now”可知，是对现在的情况进行虚拟，因此用“would动词原形”，故选C。5Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I as well as her.Adance Bwill danceChad danced Ddanced答案D解析句意为：埃伦是一位了不起的舞蹈家。要是我能跳得像她一样好那该有多好啊！I wish后接从句，从句用虚拟语气。叙述与现在事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用过去式(be用were)；叙述与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用could/should/would/might do；叙述与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用had done。由语境可知，此处叙述的是与现在事实相反的情况，故谓语动词用过去式，选D项。6We would rather our daughter at home with us，but it is her choice，and she is not a child any longer.Awould stay Bhas stayedCstayed Dstay答案C解析would rather后跟宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用过去式表示与现在或将来事实相反；用“had过去分词”表示与过去事实相反。根据后一句中的is可知，此处表示与现在或将来事实相反，故此处动词应用过去式，故选C项。7It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I it?Ahad done Bhave doneCdid Dam doing答案A解析句意为：是约翰打坏了窗户。为什么你说得好像是我打坏了似的？题中broke表示“打坏窗户”发生在“过去”。as if/though后面的从句用had done表示对“过去”的虚拟。故A项正确。考点归纳(一)if条件句的虚拟语气时间 虚拟条件句谓语动词主句谓语动词与过去事实相反 had done would/could/should/might have done与现在事实相反 did/werewould/could/should/might do与将来事实相反 did/werewere to doshould dowould/could/should/might do(二)if省略句1当if引导的虚拟条件句中的谓语动词含有had，should，were时，可将if省略，而将had，should，were置于句首，采用倒装结构。If you had left home earlier，you would have caught the bus.Had you left home earlier，you would have caught the bus.如果你早点从家中出门，你就能赶上汽车了。 2若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用谓语动词的省略形式。 Were it not for the expense，I would go abroad now.要不是考虑到花销，我现在可能都出国了。(三)含蓄条件句用介词(短语)代替条件状语从句，常用的介词(短语)有without，but for，but that，otherwise，or，but等。 (1)Without your help，we could not have succeeded.没有你的帮助，我们不可能取得成功。 (2)But for electricity，there would be no modern industry.要是没有电，就没有现代产业。 (3)He felt very tired yesterday，or he would have attended the party.他昨天太累了，否则他会参加派对的。 (四)wish后的宾语从句wish后的宾语从句中分别用过去式、过去完成式和“could/would动词原形”表示与现在、过去和将来情况相反。(1)I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一样高。(2)He wished he hadnt said that.他希望他没讲过那样的话。(3)I wish it would rain tomorrow.我希望明天下雨。(五)特殊句式would rather.过去时(与现在或将来相反)/过去完成时(与过去相反)Id rather you came tomorrow.我宁愿你明天来。(六)as if 从句在as if 从句中，常用虚拟形式，即表示与现在事实相反，用过去式；与过去事实相反，用过去完成式 (had done)。(1)She looks after the boy as if he were her own son.她照顾这男孩就像对自己的儿子一样。 (2)She talked about the film as if she had really seen it.她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。拓展延伸1当条件句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称作“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。 If you had studied hard before，you would be a college student now.如果你以前用功学习了的话，你现在就是一名大学生了。 2虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用 demand，suggest，order，insist等表命令、建议、要求后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“(should)动词原形。We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.我们建议汤姆去休息一下。在It is necessary/important/strange that.；It is suggested/demanded/ordered/requested that.等从句中，谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”。(1)It is important that we (should) master a foreign language.掌握一门外语很重要。(2)Its suggested that the plan (should) be carried out.人们建议执行这个计划。试比较：It is strange that he had made a mistake.(陈述一个事实：他犯了错误让人感到奇怪。)It is strange that he (should) have made a mistake.(虚拟语气，说话者是在责备他本不应该犯错。)3在idea，advice，order，demand，request等表命令、建议、要求的名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中，其谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”。(1)My demand is that she (should) e to see me once a week.我要求她一周来看我一次。(2)All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory (should) be closed down.我们都支持关闭化工厂的建议。4Its (high/about) time that主语过去时/should do(should不可省略)，意为“到了某人做的时候了”。It is high time that we went to bed/should go to bed.到了我们睡觉的时候了。1Whats your opinion about the requirement that an MBA student working experience？(2018全国大联考江苏卷，26)Ahas Bwill haveChave Dwould have答案C解析句意为：你对工商管理硕士需要有工作经验的要求如何看待？requirement后边是that 引导的同位语从句，从句中谓语动词应用“should动词原形”，should 可以省略，故选 C。2Held inside for too long，regret affect the immune system.(2018南京三模，22)Amust BcanCshould Dshall答案B解析can 表推测时通常用于否定句和疑问句，但can 有时也用于肯定句中表示推测，表示理论上的可能性，即从理论上或逻辑上分析是可能的。句意为：懊悔在心里忍太久，也会影响免疫系统。故选B。3Listen！Lucy is singing in our dormitory.It be Lucy.She went home half an hour ago.Acant BmustntCmay not Dshouldnt答案A解析根据句意“她半小时前回家了”可知此处表示“不可能”的意思。否定句中表示“不可能”用cant。4Lucas failed his driving test again. harder，he the test now.(2018泰州中学高三期中)AIf he practiced；would passBHad he practiced；would passCDid he follow；would have passedDShould he practice；would have passed答案B解析句意为：卢卡斯驾驶考试又没有通过，如果他努力练习的话，现在他就能通过考试了。根据failed可知从句与过去的事实相反，if从句要用过去完成时，可以把if省略，had提前，用倒装句形式；根据now可知主句与现在事实相反，用“would动词原形”。故选B。5Were it not for the fact that he his work，he enjoying himself by the seaside.Apleted；wouldnt have beenBhad pleted；wouldnt have beenChas pleted；wouldnt beDpletes；wouldnt be答案C解析句意为：要不是因为他已经完成了工作的事实，他现在不会在海边放松自己。第一空：fact后是同位语从句，表示的动作已经完成，且是陈述事实，用现在完成时；第二空：表示与现在事实相反，主句用“would动词原形”，故选C。6Why didnt you call me then?Oh，my cell-phone was power off.I you otherwise.(2018南京高淳区、淮海中学等97校联考，25)Awould call Bhad calledChave called Dwould have called答案D解析句意为：为什么当时你不给我打电话？哦，我的手机没电了。否则的话我会给你打的。此处相当于if条件状语从句中与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句用“would/should/could/mighthave过去分词”，指如果我手机当时有电的话我会给你打的。故选D。7Its too bad that my puter has got a new virus.If only I that programme! (2018如东中学高三上期中，34)Adidnt run Bhavent runChadnt run Dwouldnt run答案C解析句意为：真糟糕，我的电脑中了新的病毒。要是我没有运行那个程序就好了。此处表示与过去的事实相反的假设，所以用过去完成时态，故答案为C。8Sixty decades on，the presenter (Queen Elizabeth ) has evolved somewhat，as has the technology she described.Back then，who that people would one day be watching this on laptops and mobile phones，as some of you are today? Amust have imaginedBmay have imaginedCwould have imaginedDneed have imagined答案C解析句意为：六十年过去了，演讲者(伊丽莎白二世)也像她所描述的技术那样，“升级”了一些。那时候，有谁能想象到，有一天人们会从笔记本电脑和手机上观看这则视频，就像今天你们中的一部分人这样？根据语境可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句用“would have过去分词”。“must have过去分词”表示对过去的肯定性推测，意为“准是/一定(已经)了”；“may have过去分词”表示对过去的推测，意为“可能/也许(已经)了”；“need have过去分词”表示本需要做某事而实际上没做。故选C。9The 60th Grammy nomination list was suspiciously male dominated，leaving a number of social media users up in arms，plaining why Katy Perry and Demi Lovato，who both had albums eligible for nods， be shut out.Ashould BmustCshall Dmight答案A解析句意为：第60届格莱美奖提名名单有被男性歌手主导的嫌疑，很多社会媒体用户激烈地抗议，抱怨为什么专辑有资格提名的凯蒂佩里以及黛米洛瓦特竟然颗粒无收。should应该，竟然；must必须；shall应该；might可能。shut out是固定搭配，意为“把排除在外”，故选A。10According to the local law，no one enter the building site without permission.Acan BmustCshall Ddare答案C解析句意为：根据当地法律规定，没有许可任何人不准进入这个大楼。can能够；must必须；dare敢。shall(通常指按照规则或法律规定)必须，一定，将。故选C。专题强化练(四).单项填空1The painting not be a masterpiece，but the colors are marvelous.(2018镇江高三上期中，31)Amust BmayCneed Dshould答案B解析must必须；may也许，可能；need需要；should应该。句意为：这幅画也许不是杰作，但色彩确实是非凡的。表示“可能，也许”，故选B。2If we a table in advance，we wouldnt be standing here in the long queue.(2018扬州高三上期中，32)Areserve BreservedChave reserved Dhad reserved答案D解析句意为：如果我们事先预定了一张桌子，我们现在就不会站在长长的队伍里了。从句是对过去的虚拟，应使用过去完成时，主句与现在事实相反，使用would/could/might/shoulddo。根据题意，故选D。3Its so cold here! Why havent you turned on your air-conditioner?Well，it turn on.(2018苏锡常镇二调，34)Ashouldnt BcantCwont Dshant答案C解析wont表示“偏偏不”，此处意为“这个空调就是打不开/偏偏打不开”，故选C。4Its no use envying others success.Its time you hard.Amust work Bwere to workCwork Dshould work答案D解析句意为：嫉妒别人的成功是没有用的，是该你努力工作的时候了。在Its time (that).句式中，从句的谓语用动词的过去式或“should动词原形”(should不能省略)。故选D。5I did better，but I still wasnt as focused as I .(2017镇江期末，27)Ashould do Bshould have beenCshould be Dshould have done答案B解析句意为：我做得更好了，但是我仍然没有做到像我应该的那样专注。根据句中的did和wasnt可知，谈论的是过去的事，可排除A、C两项；第二个as后的从句补充完整为：as I should have been focused，为了避免重复，省去了focused。故选B项。6He would be in better health now with too much work when young.(2018盐城中学段考，32)Ahad he not burdened himselfBif he was not burdenedCwere he not burdenedDhad he not been burdened himself答案A解析句意为：如果年轻时他不是被太多的工作所累，他现在将会身体更健康。根据语境可知，此处是虚拟语气；由时间状语when young可推断，从句表示与过去相反的事实，谓语动词用过去完成时；且如果if省略，句子用部分倒装，had置于句首。burden oneself with.负重担。故选A。7After making the speech，he went through it in his mind to reflect where he better.(2017南京三模，24)Acould do Bwould doCcould have done Dwould have done答案C解析句意为：在演讲之后，他在头脑中把演讲回顾了一遍，反思哪里本能够做得更好。根据语境可知，演讲已经结束，现在在反思已经发生的事，应用could have done表示过去本来能够做某事，故选C项。8Sherry rang to say she was too busy to e.Well，she say that.She is always making excuses.(2017苏锡常镇四市一模，23)Amustnt BwouldCneednt Dshould答案B解析句意为：雪莉打电话过来说她很忙不能来了。嗯，她是会说这种话的。她总是编造借口。would表示某人过去的习惯，根据上句中的rang可以看出来是在讲发生在过去的事情。mustnt表示禁止；neednt不需要，不必；should应该，竟然。根据题意选B项。9Its over five years since the release of the animation Frozen，but the icy queen and her frozen empire are still staying in the spotlight，as if the movie only last month.Awere releasedBhad been releasedCwould have been releasedDwas released答案B解析句意为：动画片冰雪奇缘上映已经5年多了，但是冰雪女王和她的冰冻帝国仍然一直受到公众的关注，就好像这部电影上个月才上映。as if引导方式状语从句时，若表示与事实相反的情况，从句用虚拟语气。若与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用一般过去时；若与过去事实相反，用过去完成时。根据时间状语last month可知，此处是与过去事实相反，用had done，故选B项。10He was greatly shocked at Donald Trumps taking office.Never did he expect that the voters be so unreasonable.(2017南京、盐城二模，32)Ashould BcouldCwould Dmight答案A解析句意为：他对唐纳德特朗普的上任感到很震惊。他从来没有想到选民们竟然会如此不理智。should应该，竟然；could可能，能够；would(过去)往往会；might可能。根据关键信息shocked和Never did he expect可知，应用should，表示意外或者在说话人看来是不可思议的情况。故选A项。11Why didnt you move to another city when you finished your further study abroad?I wanted to，but she simply let me go.(2018常州期末，29)Acouldnt BwouldntCshouldnt have Dmustnt have答案B解析would(用于过去的情况)表示“意愿”“肯”“会”等，wouldnt为“不愿意，不肯”，符合题意。句意为：当你完成了国外的留学深造时，你为什么不搬到其他城市去呢？我也想，但她实在不愿意让我去。故选B。12There is some possibility that the patient could make a full recovery， a certain cure for the disease.(2018无锡期末，29)Athere should be Bwas thereCthere was Dshould there be答案D解析句意为：如果这种疾病有某种治愈的方法的话，这个病人有可能完全康复。根据语境和句子结构可知，本题应用虚拟语气；从句用了省略i
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