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Unit2 English around the world.阅读理解AAsanAsiancountry,Singaporehasareputationforbeinghighlywesternized,withEnglishamongthecountrysfourofficiallanguages,butacoupleofsignsfoundonlocalbusesthathaverecentlybecomeahitonlinemaysayotherwise.QuitedifferentfromEnglishweknow,thesignread,forexample, “Herecannotgoin” insteadof “Noentry”,and “Herecanchargephone” insteadof “Chargephonehere”.ThislanguagethatresemblesEnglishiscalledSingaporeanEnglishorSinglish.TheNewYorkTimescallsSinglish “patchwork” becauseSingaporeconsistsofmigrants(移民)fromseveralcountriesincludingChina,IndiaandMalaysia,andtheyallspeaktheirownversionsof “English”.“Everyonewhospeaksitshapesit,” wrotethenewspaper.Forexample,inSinglish,youcaneasilyrecognizeinfluencesfromChinese,includingvocabularysuchas “meesiam” and “dabao”.Sentencestructureslike “toiletwhere” insteadof “wheresthetoilet” alsocomefromChinese.Interestinganddiverseasitmayseem,thetrendforSinglishisworryingSingaporesgovernment.ItisconcernedthatthedialectisloweringthecountrysEnglishstandardandmayaffectitsrelationshipwithvisitors.ItevenstartedtheSpeakGoodEnglishMovement.Unfortunately,theproblemisnotsolved.Instead,Singlishhasboomed,especiallyamongyoungpeoplewhothinkofitasasignofbeingcoolandawayofidentifyingthemselvesasaSingaporean.ButthisdoesnotmeanthatstandardEnglishisbeingabandonedbyyoungpeople.Infact,theyaremuchmorecapablethanthegovernmentgivescredittheycanspeakboth.“Weareanationgoodatcodeswitchingweknowthatthewaywespeaktofriendsordriversmustbedifferentfromhowweactatworkorschool,” wroteCheryl,aSingaporeanauthor,inTimemagazine. “Toactivelyurgeustogiveupalanguagethatspeakstotheveryheartofwhoweare,whichsobeautifullyrepresentsthemeltingpotoftheChinese,Indians,MalaysiansandEurasiansthatweare,isshort-sighted,surely.”1.WhydoesSingaporehavemanydifferentversionsofEnglish?A.Itismadeupofmigrants.B.Itishighlywesternized.C.ItisinfluencedbyChinese.D.Itisaffectedbyofficiallanguages.2.WhatisthepurposeofstartingtheSpeakGoodEnglishMovement?A.Tostopthenewtrend.B.Tobettertherelationship.C.TopromotethestandardEnglish.D.Togivethegovernmentcredit.3.WhatdotheyoungpeoplethinkofSinglish?A.Itsinteresting.B.Itstheiridentity.C.Itsasignofstatus.D.Itsawayofcodeswitching.4.WhatcanwelearnfromwhatCherylsaid?A.DifferentpeoplespeakdifferentstylesofSinglish.B.Singlishisamorebeautifullanguagethanothers.C.PeoplespeakSinglishonlytofriendsanddrivers.D.PeoplecanuseSinglishtoexpressthemselveswell.BItwasjustonewordinonee-mail,butitcausedhugefinanciallossesforamultinationalcompany.Themessage,writteninEnglish,wassentbyanativespeakertoacolleagueforwhomEnglishwasasecondlanguage.Unsureoftheword,thereceiverfoundtwocontradictorymeaningsinhisdictionary.Heactedonthewrongone.Monthslater,seniormanagementinvestigatedwhytheprojecthadfailed,costinghundredsofthousandsofdollars.Whensuchmisunderstandingshappen,itsusuallythenativespeakerswhoaretoblame.Ironically,theyareworseatdeliveringtheirmessagethanpeoplewhospeakEnglishasasecondorthirdlanguage.AlotofnativespeakersarehappythatEnglishhasbecometheworldsgloballanguage.Theydontfeeltheneedtoaccommodateoradapttoothers.Theyoftentalktoofastforotherstofollowandusejokes,slang,shortformsandreferencesspecifictotheirownculture. “ThefirsttimeIworkedinaninternationalinstitution,somebodysaid ETA16:53 andIthought WhatthehellisETA?” saysMichaelBlatter,anexecutiveinaninternationalcompany.Andthentheresculturalstyle.WhenaBritishreactstoaproposalbysaying “thatsinteresting”,afellowBritishmightrecognizethisas “thatsrubbish”.Butothernationalitieswouldtaketheword “interesting” atfacevalue.Also,lotsoftheinformationisnotfullyunderstoodbecauseofthecomplexlanguagenativespeakersuse.Toomanynon-nativespeakers,especiallytheAsiansandtheFrench,aretooconcernedaboutnot “losingface” andnodapprovinglywhilenotgettingthemessageatall,becauseofwhich,thenativespeakerscontinuedeliveringinformationthatmakeslittlesensetothem.Theinformationgapisunnoticedandkeepswidening.Nativespeakersshouldcommunicateefficientlywithsimplelanguage.WhentryingtocommunicateinEnglishwithagroupofpeoplewithdifferentlevelsoffluency,itsimportantfornativespeakerstomakethesamepointinacoupleofdifferentwaysandaskforsomeacknowledgement,reactionandaction,toknowwhethertheyvebeenunderstoodornot.5.Thefirstparagraphofthepassageiswrittento.A.tellreadersaninterestingstoryB.introducethetopicofthepassageC.statetheimportanceofEnglishD.showanexampleofcommunication6.WhatcanwelearnaboutMichael?A.HethinksBritishpeopletalktoofast.B.Hefeelsnoneedtoadapttoothers.C.HesnotanativeEnglishspeaker.D.HefindsBritishculturehardtounderstand.7.WhatmightcausetheAsiansandtheFrenchto “loseface” accordingtothepassage?A.Beingunabletousecomplexlanguage.B.Beingnon-nativeEnglishspeakers.C.Failingtounderstandnativespeakers.D.Noddingapprovinglywhilelistening.8.Nativespeakersareadvisedtoaskforlistenersacknowledgementinorderto.A.talktoagroupofpeopleatthesametimeB.learnaboutlistenerslevelsoffluencyC.getsuggestionsfromlistenersD.checklistenersunderstanding.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。UnlikesomeotherEuropeanlanguages,Englishisalittletrickywhenitcomestowriting.Howaword1.(pronounce)andhowitisactuallyspeltcanbeverydifferentthings.Taketwosimple2.(verb)like “have” and “save”shouldnttheybepronouncedthesame?Whydo “sir” “her” and “fur” allrhyme,but “fork” and “work” dont?Imagine,then,asituation3.twowordsarespeltandpronouncedexactlythesameway,buthave4.(complete)differentmeanings.Welcometotheworldofhomonyms(同形同音异义词).5.(take),forexample,theword “fair”itcanbeakindoffestivaloranadjectivetodescribethecolourofyourhair.Sohowdoyouknowwhich6.(mean)someoneisreferringto?Youdont,exceptbythecontext.Obviously,ifsomeoneasksyouto “givethemahand”,theydontwantyoutoremove7.isattheendofyourarm.Sometimeseventhecontextdoesnthelpmuchtheresultcanbe8.(amuse).Thesesentencesdisplaythedoublemeaningofanoun:Iusedtobeabanker,9.Ilostinterest.Asmallboyswallowedsomecoinsandhadtogotohospital.Whenhisgrandmotherphoned10.(ask)howhewas,thenursesaid, “Nochangeyet.”.短文改错Recentlyourschoolwebsitehassetupanewcolumncalling “EnglishCorner”.Thecolumnmakesitisconvenientforusstudentstopostourideasbutexperiences.ItalsooffersusopportunitiestocommunicatewitheachotherinEnglish,whichhelpstogettheirwritingabilityimproved.Thecolumncoversawidevarietytopics,suchasnews,sports,life,entertainmentandmuchotherlinksaboutfamouspeoplearoundtheworld.Toourgreatlydelight,wecangetonlineinstructionfromtheteachers.Itisourteachersonlineguidancewhichbenefitsusalot.Whoeverpostthemostinformationwillberewarded.Welikedthecolumnverymuch.课时作业(二).A【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道,主要报道了“新加坡式英语”的现象及其形成的原因和现状。1.A推理判断题。根据对第三段的整体理解可推知,新加坡有不同版本的英语是因为新加坡本身就是一个移民国家,其英语受到多个移民民族的影响,故选A。2.C推理判断题。根据第六段第二句“ItisconcernedthatthedialectisloweringthecountrysEnglishstandardandmayaffectitsrelationshipwithvisitors.”可推知,新加坡政府开展“说好英语运动”的目标在于提高整个国家的标准英文水平,故选C。3.B细节理解题。根据第七段第二句“Instead,Singlishhasboomed,especiallyamongyoungpeoplewhothinkofitasasignofbeingcoolandawayofidentifyingthemselvesasaSingaporean.”可知,年轻人认为“新加坡式英语”是新加坡人身份的一种象征,也很酷,故选B。4.D推理判断题。根据最后一段“Toactivelyurgeustogiveupalanguagethatspeakstotheveryheartofwhoweare,whichsobeautifullyrepresentsthemeltingpotoftheChinese,Indians,MalaysiansandEurasiansthatweare,isshort-sighted,surely.”可推知,Cheryl认为新加坡式英语能够很好地表达新加坡人的想法,故选D。B【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要分析了以英语为母语的人和其他把英语作为第二外语或第三外语的人沟通时出现误解的原因所在,并提出了一些解决办法。5.B推理判断题。根据第一段和对全文的整体理解可推知,第一段是作者对一个具体案例的说明,旨在导入文章主题,即语言方面的误解,故选B。6.C推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“ThefirsttimeIworkedinaninternationalinstitution,somebodysaid “ETA16:53” andIthought “WhatthehellisETA?” saysMichaelBlatter,anexecutiveinaninternationalcompany.”和对第三段的整体理解可推知,Michael不以英语为母语,对英语母语人士所说的某些英语并不是很理解,故选C。7.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“Toomanynon-nativespeakers,especiallytheAsiansandtheFrench,aretooconcernedaboutnot losingface andnodapprovinglywhilenotgettingthemessageatall,becauseofwhich,thenativespeakerscontinuedeliveringinformationthatmakeslittlesensetothem.”可推知,亚洲人和法国人认为不能理解别人的话是一件很丢脸的事,因此在不完全理解别人的情况下还是点头表示理解,这样的话母语人士无论继续说什么都意义不大了,故选C。8.D细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“WhentryingtocommunicateinEnglishwithagroupofpeoplewithdifferentlevelsoffluency,itsimportantfornativespeakerstomakethesamepointinacoupleofdifferentwaysandaskforsomeacknowledgement,reactionandaction,toknowwhethertheyvebeenunderstoodornot.”可知,作者建议英语母语人士在沟通时要确认对方的反应,弄清楚对方是否听明白了自己的意思,故选D。.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了英语单词在拼写、发音和含义方面的一些知识。1.ispronounced考查动词时态和语态。pronounce和其主语aword之间构成逻辑上的被动关系,文章整体时态为一般现在时,故用一般现在时的被动语态。2.verbs考查名词复数。verb是可数名词,且被two修饰,故用复数形式。3.where考查定语从句。where引导定语从句,在从句中作地点状语,修饰先行词situation。 4.completely考查词性转换。副词修饰动词、副词、形容词或者整个句子,在句子中作状语,故用副词completely修饰形容词different。5.Take考查祈使句。本句是一个祈使句,表示命令、威胁、警告等含义,符合语境,故用动词原形。6.meaning考查词性转换。根据语境可知,此处用名词形式,被which修饰,表示“意思”。7.what考查连接词。what引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语,表示物的概念。8.amusing考查形容词。be动词后面需要跟形容词,修饰物,表示“引人发笑”的含义,amusing符合语境。9.but考查连词。根据语境可知,上下分句表示逻辑上的转折关系,故用连词but。10.toask考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式表示目的,故用toask。.Recentlyourschoolwebsitehassetupanewcolumncalling “EnglishCorner”.Thecolumnmakesit iscalledconvenientforusstudentstopostourideasbutexperiences.ItalsooffersusopportunitiestocommunicatewitheachandotherinEnglish,whichhelpstogettheirwritingabilityimproved.Thecolumncoversawidevarietyoftopics,suchourasnews,sports,life,entertainmentandmuchotherlinksaboutfamouspeoplearoundtheworld.Toourmanygreatlydelight,wecangetonlineinstructionfromtheteachers.Itisourteachersonlineguidancewhichbenefitsgreatthatusalot.Whoeverpostthemostinformationwillberewarded.Welikedthecolumnverymuch.postslike
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