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Unit 8 Adventure (一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1safari n(尤指在东非或中非的)游猎， 探险旅行2raft n. 木排，木筏3whitewater rafting 激流漂流4horizon n. 地平线5bungee jumping n. 蹦极 6snowboarding n. 单板滑雪7snowrafting n. 动力雪橇滑降8the Antarctic 南极地区_9sledge n. 雪车，雪橇10Norwegian adj. 挪威的 n. 挪威人11Arctic n. 北极，北极区12philosophy n. 哲学.重点单词写其形1adventure_ n. 奇遇，冒险的经历2major adj. 较重要的；较严重的3wild adj. 野生的；狂热的4extra_adj. 特别的；额外的5altitude n. 高度，海拔6exactly adv. 确切地，精确地7risk vt. 冒的危险 8excitement n. 兴奋，激动9statement_ n. 陈述10quantity n纵联1 量，数量11sadness n. 悲哀，忧伤12function vi. 运转；发挥作用13nationality n. 国籍14aim_n. 目标；目的15transport_ n. 运输，运送16disadvantage n. 不利，不利条件 17staff n. 员工，全体工作人员18survival n. 幸存，残存19shelter n. 遮蔽，庇护所20observe vt. 纵联2 观察，观测21cheerful adj. 纵联3 愉快的，高兴的22limit n. 边界；限度.拓展单词通其变1distant adj.远处的；久远的distance n遥远2differ vi.不同于，有区别difference n不同之处different adj.不同的3anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的anxiety n焦虑，不安4extreme adj.极度的，极端的extremely adv.极其地，极端地5similarity n相似性；类似性similar adj.同样的；类似的similarly adv.同样地；类似地6amaze vt.使惊愕(惊奇)amazed adj.惊愕的，吃惊的amazing adj.令人惊异的amazement n吃惊，惊愕7confuse vt.使困惑confused adj.困惑的confusing adj.令人困惑的confusion n混乱；困惑8preparation n准备，预备prepare vt.准备；预备9patience n耐心；忍耐力patient adj.耐心的n.病人patiently adv.耐心地纵联1.由quantity想到的several几个 couple一对score二十 dozen十二个numerous许多的 none没有hundred一百 million百万billion十亿 trillion万亿纵联2.“看”遍天下notice注意到，留心 observe观察watch观看，关注 stare (at)凝视，盯着看glance (at)匆匆看一眼；瞥 glare (at)怒视；瞪witness经历，见证 peer窥视，凝视look (at)看 gaze凝视glimpse一瞥纵联3.今儿个真“高兴”cheerful happyglad pleaseddelighted joyfulmerry nicepleasant agreeable单元话题冒险活动子话题1冒险活动的准备visa n签证 passport n护照insurance n保险 suitcase n小提箱baggage n行李 reserve vt.预订destination n目的地，终点 set out/off出发book a room预订房间 put up投宿check in登记入住子话题2冒险活动的分类expedition n远征 journey n旅行，行程tour n参观，观光，旅行 voyage n航行，旅行outing n郊游，远足 trip n短途旅行学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2017天津高考阅读D)This one requires a bit of discipline. Properly preparing packaged noodle soup requires a Forced Wait. Directions are very specific. “Bring three cups of water to boil, add mix, simmer three minutes, remove from heat, let stand five minutes.” I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly. After all, Forced Waiting requires (patient)写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：preparation，加黑词在此句中为动名词作主语写出加黑词在本单元的同义副词：exactly用所给词的适当形式填空：patience2(2013北京高考完形)Lola doesnt want to be treated differently from the other girls on her team.At petitions, the judges dont know about her vision problems.She doesnt tell them, because she doesnt think they need to know.Her mom is amazed by her positive attitude.写出加黑词在本单元的同根动词：differ写出加黑词在本单元的同根动词：amaze写出加黑词在本单元的形近异义词：altitude3(2010四川高考完形)About twenty minutes into the adventure， the entire airplane became very quiet.There was now a sense of anxiety and fear that could be clearly noticed.写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思：冒险的经历，加黑词也可作动词，意为冒险，大胆说出写出加黑词在本单元的同义形容词：extreme写出加黑词在本单元的同根形容词：anxious该句为there be句型，其谓语动词的单复数由后面的名词或代词来决定高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2018北京高考书面表达)外国学生沉浸于我的每一个举动，他们再次惊讶于这种独特的文化，忍不住不时拍照。(amazed)Absorbed_in_every_move_of_mine,_the_foreign_students_were_once_again_amazed_by_this_unique_culture_and_they_couldnt_help_taking_pictures_from_time_to_time.2(2018江苏高考书面表达)排名的利与弊通常是紧密相关的，对排名保持客观的态度很有必要。(disadvantage)The_advantages_and_disadvantages_of_ratings_are_often_closely_related.It_is_necessary_to_hold_an_objective_attitude_towards_ratings. (二)课堂重点释疑1differ vi.不同于，有区别记牢(1)differ from . in . 在方面与不同differ with sb. 与某人意见不同(2)different adj. 不同的，有差异的be different from . 不同于(3)difference n. 差异，差别make a/no difference 有/无影响tell the difference between A and B指出A与B的不同练通单句语法填空The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities.I differ with him on that point where the bridge will be built, though he may be right.I knew it was the difference (different) between life and death.完成句子Even though we pletely_differ_from_each_other_in_character,_we are still great friends. 虽然我们在性格上完全不同，但我们仍然是很好的朋友。Only if we know what we do in our daily life and live a lowcarbon life can we make_a_difference.只有我们知道在日常生活中做什么，过一种低碳生活，我们才能有所影响。写美(2015湖南高考书面表达)从我个人的经验中我认识到几个赞美之词对有些人会产生很大的影响。From_my_own_experience,_I_learn_that_several_words_of_praise_can_make_a_great_difference_to_someone.2risk vt.冒的危险n.冒险；危险；风险记牢(1)risk (doing) sth. 冒险(做)某事(2)at the risk of (doing) sth. 冒着(做)某事的风险take/run the risk of (doing) sth. 冒的危险；冒险做某事take/run a risk/risks 冒险at risk 处境危险；遭受危险at all risks/at any risk 无论冒什么风险，无论如何练通单句语法填空A rescue worker risked his life saving (save) two tourists trapped in the mountains for two days.He was determined to do it even at the risk of being_laughed (laugh) at.完成句子Whoever you are, dont take/run_the_risk_of_doing_a_job like that.无论你是谁，都不要冒险做那样一份工作。The captain was not willing to risk_taking_his_ship through the straits in such bad weather.船长不愿意在这样恶劣的天气里冒险将船驶过海峡。写美句型转换The passerby saved the boys life at the risk of losing his own life.The passerby risked his own life saving the boys life.3confuse vt.使困惑；使迷惑；混淆记牢(1)confuse A with/and B将A和B混淆(2)confused adj. 困惑的，糊涂的；不清楚的be/get confused 被弄糊涂confusing adj. 令人迷惑的(3)confusion n. 混乱；困惑in confusion 困惑地，困窘地；乱七八糟，处于混乱状态练通单句语法填空His writing is so confusing (confuse) that its difficult to make out what he is trying to express.She got shocked and confused (confuse) smoke was pouring from the kitchen.完成句子I always confuse_you_with_your_sister you look so alike.我总是把你和你妹妹搞混你们太像了。He looked at me in_confusion and did not answer the question.他困惑地看着我，没有回答问题。写美(2018江苏高考书面表达)比如，有很多的参考书，我从中进行选择的时候常感到困惑。For_example,_there_are_plenty_of_reference_books_which_I_am_often_confused_to_choose_from.4preparation n准备，预备记牢为(做)某事做准备 (be) in preparation 在准备中(2)prepare vt. 预备；筹备；调制；为做准备 vi. 准备；预备；做准备prepare to do sth. 准备做某事prepare (sb.) for sth. (使某人)为某事做准备(3)prepared adj. 有准备的，事先准备好的愿意做某事；为(做)某事做好准备练通单句语法填空I prepare to_graduate (graduate) from Sanford HCalhoun High School in Merrick.The best preparation (prepare) for tomorrow is doing your best today.完成句子The teacher is_preparing_the_reviewing_quiz,_while the students are_preparing_for it.老师正在准备复习测试题，而学生正在为测试做准备。These materials are useful to review in_preparation_for the final exam.这些材料对复习准备期末考试很有帮助。If you are selected in this position, you must prepare_to_travel on business frequently.如果你被录取，你必须准备经常出差。Mrs.White is busy making_preparations_for her daughters wedding.怀特夫人正忙着为女儿的婚礼做准备。写美(2018全国卷书面表达)首先，依据我们的传统，你应该早点到达以便于你能帮助主人准备晚餐，那不仅有意义且有趣。To_begin_with,_according_to_our_tradition,_you_are_supposed_to_arrive_early_so_that_you_can_help_the_host_prepare_the_dinner,_which_is_not_only_meaningful_but_also_interesting.5aim n目标，目的；瞄准vi.& vt.瞄准；对准；针对；(朝某方向)努力辨清写出下列句中aim的含义Theyre aiming at training everybody by the end of the year.(朝某方向)努力Before the hunter could take aim, the deer jumped out of sight.瞄准Our aim is to make the students speech prehensible.目标，目的This antismoking campaign is mainly aimed at young teenagers.针对记牢(1)take aim at向瞄准with the aim of 以为目标；旨在(2)aim sth. at sb./sth. 用某物朝向/瞄准某人或某物aim at doing sth./aim to do sth. 意欲、企图、旨在做某事be aimed at 目的是；旨在(3)aimless adj. 无目的的aimlessly adv. 无目标地练通单句语法填空Im aiming to_finish (finish) all tasks before the summer holidays.They will start their project, aiming at helping (help) the poor children to be educated in the west of China.单句改错There was a time when he had nothing to do, wandering aimless in the street all the day. aimlessaimlessly完成句子She visited the school with_the_aim_of learning more advanced teaching experience.她参观学校的目的是学习更多先进的教学经验。Slowly he raised his bow and began to take_aim_at the bird standing in the tree in the distance.慢慢地他举起弓，开始瞄准那只站在远处树上的鸟。写美(2017全国卷书面表达)我写信邀请你加入我们学校的乒乓球队，目的是培养我们的兴趣，提高我们的技术。I_am_writing_to_invite_you_to_join_the_table_tennis_team_in_our_school,_aiming_at_developing_our_interests_and_improving_our_skills.6observe vt.观察，观测；遵守；庆祝辨清写出下列句中observe的含义It is necessary that traffic rules should be worked out and strictly observed.遵守Radar is able to observe human behavior.观察Could you tell me how you usually observe Thanksgiving Day in your country？庆祝记牢(1)observe sb.do/doing sth.看到某人做了/正在做某事observe sth.done 看到某事被做observe a rule 遵守规则observe the law 遵守法律(2)observer n. 观察者observation n. 观察；观察力；观测under observation 在观察中，在监视中练通单句语法填空She observed a man walking (walk) on the opposite side of the way.According to observers (observe), the plane exploded shortly after takeoff.In hospital shell be under observation (observe) all the time.翻译句子当我们庆祝节日的时候，我们也必须遵守交通规则。When_we_observe_festivals,_we_must_also_observe_the_traffic_rules.用准observe作“观察；注意”讲时，可用省去to的动词不定式或v.ing形式作宾语补足语；但如果用于被动语态，省去的动词不定式符号to要还原。The police observed the man enter the bank.The man was observed to enter the bank by the police.写美(2015江苏高考书面表达)遵守交通规则是我们每个人的职责，这样我们的社会才能井然有序。It_is_everybodys_duty_to_observe_traffic_rules_to_keep_our_society_in_order.7limit vt.限制；限定n.界限；边界；限度记牢(1)limit . to .把限定在范围内(2)set a limit to/on . 对规定限度within the limits of . 在范围内within limits 在一定范围内；有限度地without limit 无限地(3)limited adj. 有限的be limited to sth. 受限制于某物练通单句语法填空My fianc (未婚夫) and I were excited about shopping for our first home.But our funds were limited (limit)There is a limit to ones life, but no limit to serving (serve) the people.We must limit the expenses to what we can afford.完成句子Within_the_limits_of legal rights, people are free to do as they please.在法律权限范围内，人们可以自由地做他们高兴做的事。We must set_a_limit_to the expense of the trip.我们必须为此次旅游费用定一个限额。Our life has a limit, but knowledge is without_limit.生命有限，知识无涯。写美(2015全国卷书面表达)文章的长度应限制在四百词左右。The_length_of_the_article_should_be_limited_to_400_words_or_so.词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1Your work has improved in quantity (数量) and quality this term.2There were so many people that the pany put on extra (额外的) buses.3There are various (各种各样的) ways of getting to the station: by bus, by car or on foot.4Upon reaching this level, temperature no longer increases with altitude (高度)5Saunders lawyer made a brief statement (陈述) to the press outside the court.6Despite the power cuts, the hospital continued to function (正常运转) normally.7Judging from what he has just said, the pany will reduce the staff (员工)8The two Frenchmen went through strange adventures (奇遇) in the African forests.9They are now facing a major (较重要的) problem how they finish the work on time.10The government is taking measures to turn the school into a good shelter (庇护所) for all the students.单句语法填空1Changing schools did make a difference (differ) to my life.2He stopped in confusion (confuse) as everyone turned to look at him.3When I passed his house, I observed him playing (play) in his yard.4Take a risk, and you may lose again, but you have improved your chances to win.5The monitor assigned us to make preparations for the uping Christmas party.6Neither should we embrace online voting aimlessly (aimless) nor can we deny it pletely.7He got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk losing (lose) the good opportunity.8In addition, the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally limited (limit).单句改错1The question is so hard, and were all getting confusing about it. confusingconfused2People differ from each other on their reaction to this problem. onin3The team have been training hard in preparations for the big game. preparationspreparation4Bruce was observed leave the building with two young men and take a taxi away. leave前加to5The program is aiming at a teenage audience, so it is popular with them. aimingaimed.完成句子/一句多译1汤姆正在学习，为下次考试做准备。Tom is studying in_preparation_for the next examination.2一项调查表明，人们对该吃什么才能保持健康这个问题感到困惑。A survey showed people were_confused_about what they should eat to stay healthy.3美国人和中国人在时间的处理上非常不一样。Americans_and_Chinese_differ_in_managing_time.(differ in)Americans_differ_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(differ from)Americans_are_different_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(different)4为了通过驾照考试，他努力训练。He trained hard with_the_aim_of_passing_the_driving_test. (with the aim of)He trained hard, aiming_at_passing_the_driving_test.(aim at)He trained hard, aiming_to_pass_the_driving_test.(aim to do sth.)(一)课前自主学习1right_now就在此刻2in_order_to_do_something 目的是，以便3upside_down 颠倒地，倒置地4turn_up串记1 出现，到场；调高声音5back_out 决定不履行(允诺的事)6get_across 使理解(某事)7in_turn 轮流8break_out 串记2 (坏事)突然发生，爆发9put_._into_prison 把关进监狱10stand_by 坚持(某种)说法；袖手旁观11on_ones_way 串记3 在途中12break_down 损坏，不能运转；失败13run_out_of 用完，耗尽14carry_on 继续做某事15take_off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱掉； 开始成功同根短语串记串记1.turn短语面面观turn down关小；拒绝 turn away转过身去；拒绝turn out生产；结果是 turn in上交turn to求助于 turn up出现；到场turn on/off打开/关闭串记2.“动词out”短语汇总bring out出版；公布 carry out实施；执行check out结账后离开 drop out退出leave out忽略；遗漏 cut out删去；剪去break out突然发生，爆发串记3.“way”的相关短语知多少on ones way在途中 all the way一直，完全by the way顺便地 in a way在某种程度上make ones way去，前往 under way在进行中in the way挡道；碍事1the first to leave 第一个离开2walk along mountain path 沿着山路走3have a hot cup of tea 喝杯热茶4goodbye to most of our dreams 告别我们大多数的梦想5one of the bestselling books in Europe在欧洲最畅销的书之一6begin his journey to the Antarctic开始他的南极之旅7the total darkness of the polar winter极地冬季的极夜时期8see Chinese people using paper money in the markets看到中国人在市场上使用纸币1Why do_you_think people would want to go on this trip?你认为人们为什么会想去进行这次旅行？2When I turned up for my first jump I was so_nervous_that I tried to back out, but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.当我第一次站在跳台上时是如此紧张以至于想退缩，但是朋友们说服了我。3Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true.虽然人们爱读他的书，但许多人认为马可写的关于中国的东西太离奇而不可信。4Then_came the total darkness of the polar winter.接下来极地冬日的极夜时期到来了。5The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having_great_difficulty_walking.接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走不便。学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词块与句式1(2010山东高考阅读B)If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect.(用本单元短语替换加黑短语)carry_on2(2009安徽高考阅读A)Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes.Sometimes just a few people show up on time.Thats fewer names for you to remember.And as more people arrive，you can hear them being introduced to others an automatic review for you.(用本单元短语替换加黑短语)turn_up高考采撷(二)写作中的词块与句式(根据汉语及提示翻译句子)1(2016全国卷书面表达)为了获得一些实际经验，我计划在一家外资公司兼职。(in order to do something)In_order_to_get_some_practical_experience,_I_am_planning_to_take_a_parttime_job_in_a_foreign_capital_pany.2(2016北京高考书面表达)我们做得很好以至于我们被邀请与我们学校的所有学生分享我们的想法和经验。(so .that)We_did_so_well_that_we_were_invited_to_share_our_idea_and_experience_with_all_the_students_of_our_school.(二)课堂重点释疑 短语集释1take off起飞；脱去(衣服)；开始成功；休假；匆匆离去辨清写出下列句中take off的含义She got a cold as soon as she took off her coat when she got home from work. 脱去(衣服)Hurry up. The plane will take off in about half an hour. 起飞Congratulations, Paulo! Now maybe you can take a few days off. 休假After his third film, his career of film performance took off. 开始成功记牢take over接任，接管，接收；取得主导地位take in 吸收，理解；受骗；接待take up 拿起；占据；对有兴趣；开始从事take on 呈现；雇用；承担练通完成句子He was homeless, so we_took_him_in.他无家可归，我们便收留了他。Im sorry Ive already taken_up so much of your valuable time.对不起，我占用了你这么多宝贵时间。写美(2014江西高考书面表达)课堂上理解老师所讲内容以及课下复习所学知识很重要。It_is_important_to_take_in_what_the_teachers_say_in_class_and_review_what_you_learnt_after_class.2get across使理解(某事)；(使)被接受；横过(马路、河等)记牢get across to (sb.)/get sth.across to (sb.)被传达/理解；把讲清楚get away from 逃离；远离；避开get down to (doing) 开始认真处理/对待，开始(做)get through 穿过；完成；接通电话；用完；通过练通单句语法填空We must get across to the public the simple fact that drugs are dangerous.Its time that I got down to thinking (think) about my future.After that, he knew he could get through any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.写美(2015全国卷书面表达)你能在6月28日之前完成文章吗？Could_you_get_through_your_article_before_June_28?3break down损坏，不能运转；(身体)垮掉；(谈判)失败；崩溃；拆毁，拆除；分解辨清写出下列句中break down的含义His health broke down under the pressure of work. (身体)垮掉The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached. (谈判)失败To understand the grammar of the sentence, youd better break it down into parts. 分解The firemen broke down the wall in order to gain quick access to the building on fire.拆毁，拆除He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the airconditioning system broke down. 损坏，不能运转记牢break into破门而入，强行闯入(后接宾语)；突然开始(哭、唱等)break in 闯入；插话，打断break away from 突然挣脱，摆脱break out (坏事)突然发生，爆发break up 结束；粉碎，破碎；解散break through 取得突破；克服练通单句语法填空Should another world war break out,_what would bee of human beings?In order to get some money, the man broke up that old machine and sold some parts.Scientists think they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer.写美(2018浙江高考书面表达)我几乎就要垮掉的时候，父亲说，“别担心，儿子。我记得农场附近就有一条河。找到它我们就能回家了。”I_was_almost_on_the_edge_of_breaking_down_when_my_father_said,_“Dont_worry,_my_son.I_remember_there_is_a_river_near_the_farm_house.Find_the_river_and_we_will_be_back_home.”句式集释1too . to .“太而不能”教材原句Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true.悟拓展例句(1)As far as I know, they are too_anxious_to_leave.据我所知，他们急于离开。(2)They are all too_satisfied_to_go and do this work.他们都很乐意地去做这项工作。(3)I couldnt_thank_you_too_much_for all your help to my son while we were away from home.当我们不在家时，你对我儿子的帮助，我再怎样感谢你也不过分。(4)Tom is too young to go to school. Therefore, his mother takes care of him at home.Tom is not_old_enough_to go to school. Therefore, his mother takes care of him at home.Tom is so_young_that he cant go to school. Therefore, his mother takes care of him at home.汤姆太小了，不能去上学。因此，他妈妈在家照看他。析用法规则用法归纳(1)“too . to .”结构中，若too后接glad, pleased, happy, eager, anxious, willing, ready, easy等表示心情、情绪的形容词时，表示肯定意义，too相当于very。(2)“too . to”结构之前带有but, only, all, never, not时，是强调肯定的表示法，译作“非常；十分；实在；真是太”等。(3)“too . to .”结构可以与“not enough . to .”或“so . that .”结构相互转换。(4)“cant . too .”表示“无论怎样也不过分”。背写作佳句(1)(2014福建高考满分作文)The bike seemed too heavy and difficult to control.Worse still, I took many falls off the bike.(要点句)(2)You cant be too careful to drive.After all, life is valuable.(要点句)2have difficulty (in) doing sth.教材原句The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having_great_difficulty_walking.悟拓展例句(1)Homeless people often ha
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