广东省珠海市2017届高三英语5月质量监测（二模）试题（含解析）.doc

广东省珠海市2017届高三英语5月质量监测（二模）试题（含解析）试卷类型A注意事项：1. 本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。因测试不考听力，第I卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2. 回答第I 卷时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3. 回答第II卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ASaturday， 22 April , 2017We are currently on a camp-site near Calais, on our way to the UK, and it is pouring with rain. As if gods want to prepare us for the UK at all costs. As if we dont know what rain is. Our ferry to the green isles will leave tomorrow at 10.30 and despite the rain, I am really looking forward to it.It has taken us a while to get here, as we already left El Chorro on 4 April. After rushing through Spain in two days, however, we came to an inevitable slow-down when we entered France. Inevitable, as France has simply too much to offer for us. So as soon as we crossed the Pyrenees, our driving sequence became something like driving a few kilometres, visiting a castle, driving a few kilometres, taking pictures of a nice church, driving a few kilometres, having a quick peek at a fleas market, driving a few kilometres, visiting a museum etc. When we entered Brittany the real sightseeing started, in Vannes, in Lorient, in Brest and then on to Normandy: Le Mont St Michel, Bayeux and finally, finally the D-Day beaches. I always wanted to visit these, for obvious reasons I would say, but my father, realistic as he was, calculated the chances that it would rain a considerable amount of days of a three-week holiday and always decided against it. But a few days ago I finally stepped onto Gold Beach (where the Brits landed) and I was greeted by the Norman sun. A beautiful day.1. It was _ when the writer was on his way to the UK.A. pouring B. foggyC. snowy D. sunny2. According to the passage, the Pyrenees must be a place in_.A. Spain B. FranceC. Netherland D. Normandy3. Which of the following statement is NOT true?A. They spent 2 days in Spain traveling.B. The writer thought France has a lot of places to visit.C. The writer thought the real sightseeing was in E1 Chorro, and in Brest.D. The writers father was a realistic person.4. The passage probably es from _.A. a travel journal B. a science fiction.C. a news report D. a film review【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A【解析】此文是旅游日志，文中作者描述了和家人在英国、西班牙、法国的旅行。1. A细节推理题。根据第一段on our way to the UK, and it is pouring with rain.可知作者到达英国的时候正在下雨，故选A.2. B细节推理题。根据we came to an inevitable slow-down when we entered France. Inevitable, as France has simply too much to offer for us. So as soon as we crossed the Pyrenees可知Pyrenees在法国，故选B.3. C细节推理题。根据After rushing through Spain in two days可知在西班牙旅行了2天，A项正确；根据visiting a castle, driving a few kilometres, taking pictures of a nice church, having a quick peek at a fleas market, visiting a museum etc. When we entered Brittany the real sightseeing started, in Vannes, in Lorient, in Brest and then on to Normandy: Le Mont St Michel, Bayeux and finally, finally the D-Day beaches.这些描述可知法国有许多景点，B正确；根据When we entered Brittany the real sightseeing started, in Vannes, in Lorient, in Brest and then on to Normandy: Le Mont St Michel, Bayeux and finally, finally the D-Day beaches.可知作者认为真正的景观是E1 Chorro和in Brest 是错误的；根据my father, realistic as he was可知父亲很现实，D项正确。故选C.4. A推理判断题。文中作者描述了和家人在英国、西班牙、法国的旅行，所以此文应该是出自旅游日志，故选A.【名师点睛】细节推理题的解题思路与应试技巧细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。本文第三题考查对细节判断正误，需要先在文中找到相关内容，然后加以判断。根据After rushing through Spain in two days可知在西班牙旅行了2天，A项正确；根据visiting a castle, driving a few kilometres, taking pictures of a nice church, having a quick peek at a fleas market, visiting a museum etc. When we entered Brittany the real sightseeing started, in Vannes, in Lorient, in Brest and then on to Normandy: Le Mont St Michel, Bayeux and finally, finally the D-Day beaches.这些描述可知法国有许多景点，B正确；根据When we entered Brittany the real sightseeing started, in Vannes, in Lorient, in Brest and then on to Normandy: Le Mont St Michel, Bayeux and finally, finally the D-Day beaches.可知作者认为真正的景观是E1 Chorro和in Brest 是错误的，故C错误；根据my father, realistic as he was可知父亲很现实，D项正确。BWilkie Collins was born in London in 1824 and his first novel - a historical romance called“Anatonia” - was published when he was 26. Shortly after this he met Charles Dickens, and they formed a close friendship that lasted for ten years and influenced both mens writing. Collins went on to publish 25 novels as well as many short stories, plays and works of non-fiction. However, he is most well known for the two mystery novels “The Woman in White” and “The Moonstone”.Collins published both mysteries as serials in All the Year Round. When it appeared in the magazine in 1860, “The Woman in White” was so popular that it became the subject of a song and a play. It even influenced fashion, and many women started to dress in white. Eight years later “The Moonstone” was published and earned Collins the title the father of the modern English detective novel. T S Elliot, another famous writer, said that The Moonstone was the first and greatest of English detective novels, and it is still admired by modern crime writers today.An author of many mysteries, Dorothy L Sayers considered “The Moonstone” to be probably the finest detective story ever written, and many people agree with her. There are several reasons why they think so. One is that Collins uses different characters to tell each section of the story. The characters have very different personalities and voices, which are interesting and often amusing. There are also several features of the plot which started trends in mystery writing. For example, many detective stories are set in a country house, where the theft must have been mitted by one of the people in the house. The character of a famous detective with an unusual appearance and habits occurs in many books, and an innocent person is often under suspicion at first. A number of modern films have also used the idea of a cursed jewel stolen from a religious statue. And of course, in The Moonstone and most other good mystery novels, the person who at first seems the least likely to be the criminal turns out to be guilty.5. Anatonia was published in _.A. 1824 B. 1850C. 1860 D. 18686. All the Year Round was a title of _.A. one of Wilkie Collins books B. one of Charles Dickens booksC. a story of a magazine D. a magazine7. Collins is known as the father of the modern English detective novel because_.A. he was older than the other detective story writers.B. his son was also a famous detective story writer.C. many aspects of his writing are copied by other detective story writers.D. the Moonstone is the most popular detective story.【答案】5. B 6. D 7. C【解析】文章讲述了Wilkie Collins的文学之路及对侦探小说和悬疑小说所做的巨大贡献。5. B细节推理题。根据第一段Wilkie Collins was born in London in 1824 and his first novel - a historical romance called“Anatonia” - was published when he was 26.可知Anatonia是Wilkie Collins 26岁时出版的，当时是1850年。故选B.6. D推理判断题。根据第二段Collins published both mysteries as serials in All the Year Round.可知Collins在All the Year Round出版悬疑小说连载，下句When it appeared in the magazine in 1860也给了提示，由此推知All the Year Round是杂志名称，故选D.7. C推理判断题。根据第二段“The Moonstone” was published and earned Collins the title the father of the modern English detective novel. The Moonstone was the first and greatest of English detective novels, and it is still admired by modern crime writers today.可知Wilkie被称为英国现代侦探小说之父，是因为被现在的侦探小说作家们钦佩和效仿，故选C.CA decade-long study, also the first major research into air pollution and disease has shown that living near a main road increases the risk of dementia(痴呆). The study of 6.6 million people found that one in 10 dementia deaths in people living within 50 metres of a busy road was due to waste gas and noise.Air pollution is already known to contribute to the deaths of around 40,000 people in Britain each year by worsening breathing and heart conditions, while previous research showed emissions (排放物) can cause brain shrinkage.But the new study by Canadian public health scientists is the first to find a link between living close to heavy traffic and the increasing of dementia, a discovery described as believable and impressive by British experts.Dr Hong Chen said. Our study suggests that busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that could give rise to the onset of dementia.Population growth and urbanization has placed many people close to heavy traffic, and with widespread exposure to heavy traffic and growing rates of dementia, even a modest effect from near-road exposure could cause a large public health burden. More research to understanding this link is needed, particularly into the effects of different aspects of traffic, such as air pollutants and noise.In the new study, the team tracked all adults aged between 20 and 85 living in Ontario for more than a decade from 2001 to 2012. They used postcodes to determine how close people lived to a main road and analyzed medical records to see if they went on to develop dementia, Parkinsons disease or multiple sclerosis(多发性硬化).While there was no correlation between living near a road and Parkinsons disease or multiple sclerosis, dementia risk reduced as people lived further from a main road, with a 7 percent higher risk in developing dementia among those living within 50 metres; a 4 percent higher risk at 50-100 metres and a 2 percent higher risk at 101-200 metres.After 200 metres there was no increase.Researchers believe that noise of traffic may also play a role in the raised risk as well as other urban pollution, which is often present near busy roads.8. What can we know about Canadians new study?A. British experts think highly of it.B. It brings benefits to dementia patients.C. It shows that air production is very serious.D. It shows that air pollution can cause brain shrinkage.9. What Dr Hong Chen said showed that_.A. people are diagnosed with dementia mainly due to air pollutionB. widespread exposure to traffic will reduce the risk of having dementiaC. the link between living near roads and having dementia was not obviousD. busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that caused dementia to increase10. What does the underlined the word correlation mean?A. Change. B. Improvement.C. Association. D. Secret11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Living near a main road adds to the risk of noise.B. Living beyond 300 metres of a main road is safe for people.C. Living within 200 metres of a main road has a lower risk of having dementia.D. The further people live away from heavy traffic, the smaller the risk of having dementia.【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A【解析】研究表明：居住在主道路附近的居民由于受空气污染和噪音影响患痴呆和一些其他疾病的风险较高。8. C推理判断题。根据第一段A decade-long study, also the first major research into air pollution and disease has shown that living near a main road increases the risk of dementia(痴呆).和下面的实验过程及结果表明空气污染的严重性，会导致疾病。故选C.9. D推理判断题。根据第三段Dr Hong Chen said. Our study suggests that busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that could give rise to the onset of dementia.和with widespread exposure to heavy traffic and growing rates of dementia, even a modest effect from near-road exposure could cause a large public health burden.可知Dr Hong Chen认为繁忙的道路是一种环境压力源，会导致疾病。故选D.10. C猜测词义题。句意：虽然生活在道路附近与帕金森病或多发性硬化症之间没有相关性，但随着人们远离主干道，痴呆症的风险降低了。Correlation“相关，关联”与C项Association同义，故选C.11. A推理判断题。最后一段通过研究论证了居住地和主道路远近和患痴呆风险的关系，离得越近风险越大。故选A.【名师点睛】推理判断题的常见考查形式及解题方法：推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了做出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。本文考查的推理判断题的考法：推测文章的观点或结论。小题1让我们推断最新研究的结果，根据第一段A decade-long study, also the first major research into air pollution and disease has shown that living near a main road increases the risk of dementia(痴呆).和下面的实验过程及结果表明空气污染的严重性，会导致疾病。小题2要求判断Dr Hong Chen所说的观点，根据第三段Dr Hong Chen said. Our study suggests that busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that could give rise to the onset of dementia.和with widespread exposure to heavy traffic and growing rates of dementia, even a modest effect from near-road exposure could cause a large public health burden.可知Dr Hong Chen认为繁忙的道路是一种环境压力源，会导致痴呆等疾病。故选D.DMany scholarships require that you write an essay in order to be considered for the prize money. However, if you are the sort of person that has a headache whenever you have to plete a writing assignment, this may not be the best news. Luckily for you, there is no reason to fear the scholarship essay. The following tips could help you conquer this not-so-easy aspect of the scholarship application process.You should always outline your essays. This does not just apply to the scholarship essays, either. An outline helps lend focus to your thoughts and helps you create a picture of the “whole” that the essay will bee. Judges cannot to stand when your writing is loose, lacks coherence(连贯性)or when you fail to connect your main points together. They want to see that you can support your argument well with clear and brief examples and that these examples do, in fact, relate to the topic at hand.If you have a choice in the topic you get to write about, always try to select something you are personally interested in. Dont write what you think the judges want to hear. This will only amount in an essay that reads like someone elses, which is not a great way to make yourself stand out.If you feel bored with the topic, then your essay will be boring as well. Make sure your idea follow a clear and a logical path. This means they are connected well and the transitions(过渡) easily flow from one idea to the next. Likewise, try to stay away from the obvious or the sad story. Yes, college will be a life-changing experience, but can you think of an interesting reason why this is so? And yes, it is terrible that you lost a family member at a young age, but what does it have to do with winning this scholarship? Judges can smell sad stories from a mile away, so only pull at the heartstrings(动人心弦) if you have a proper reason for doing so.12. When writing a scholarship essay, an outline is necessary because it helps you_.A. focus on the details of the essayB. think more about the scholarshipC. make a picture of the whole essayD. support your argument well13. Your essay will be appreciated by judges if it _.A. turns out to be loose.B. is short of coherenceC. is unable to connect to the main pointsD. supports your argument with brief examples14. What is the authors opinion on choosing the topic for a scholarship essay?A. The essay should include the obvious or the sad story.B. You must keep your mind clear and logical.C. You had better try to put an interesting story in it.D. Try to say as much as you can about your family.15. The intended readers of the passage are probably_.A. college students B. judges in collegesC. essay readers D. pany leaders【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A【解析】文章就大学生如何写奖学金论文提了一些建议。12. C细节推理题。根据第二段An outline helps lend focus to your thoughts and helps you create a picture of the “whole” that the essay will bee.可知提纲的重要性，它能集中你的想法然后构建一幅完整的图画，故选C.13. D细节推理题。根据第二段They want to see that you can support your argument well with clear and brief examples and that these examples do, in fact, relate to the topic at hand.可知评委们欣赏有清晰简要例子的文章，故选D.14. B细节推理题。根据最后一段Make sure your idea follow a clear and a logical path. This means they are connected well and the transitions(过渡) easily flow from one idea to the next.可知选论文主题要清晰有逻辑，故选B.15. A第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。While being lost in the woods can be a frightening experience, surviving alone in the wild is generally a matter of mon sense, patience, and wisely using the gifts that nature provides._16_.Do your research first. Dont just trek off into the wilderness; get a solid understanding of your surroundings first. Studying a map of the area where youre going - and making sure to bring it with you - will increase your chances of not getting lost tremendously. Educate yourself about the flora and fauna of the area you are exploring. _17_._18_.A cell phone with a spare battery or a portable CB radio can be your best, quickest means of rescue if you are truly lost or injured. A cell signal may only be obtainable only from a hill or tree, but is better than nothing. Serious hikers may even consider investing in a personal locator beacon such as the SPOT Messenger for extended, precarious, or very remote, treks.Dont panic if youre lost.Panic is more dangerous than almost anything else, because it interferes with the operation of your single best, most useful and versatile survival tool: your mind. The moment you realize that you are lost, before you do anything else, stop._19_.Before you act, follow the idea of STOP: S = sit down T = thinkO = observe your surroundings P = prepare for survival by gathering materials.Signal your location.Make noise by whistling, shouting, singing, or banging rocks together. _20_ . If youre in a mountain meadow, make three piles of dark leaves or branches in a triangle. In sandy areas, make a large triangle in the sand. Three of anything in the wilderness is a standard distress signal.A. Bring a means of munication.B. If you can, mark your location in such a way that its visible from the air.C. Knowledge of the local plants and animals can save your lifeD. If you want to know how to survive in the woods, just follow these steps.E. Starvation wont be a big problem.F. Take a deep breath and stay calm.G. Having strength in numbers will help you survive.【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. B【解析】文章讲述了野外迷路应该采取的准备工作和具体有效的措施。16. D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文写森林迷路是令人恐惧的事，野外生存需要常识、耐心和明智地利用自然资源。下文是具体措施，D项：如果你想知道怎样在森林里生存，遵循下列步骤。承上启下，故选D.17. C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲要先进行调查，上句讲要熟悉对探索区域的动植物，C项：对当地动植物的了解能挽救生命，承接上文。local plants and animals与上句the flora and fauna of the area意思一致，故选C.18. A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文的A cell phone with a spare battery or a portable CB radio可知本段讲交流设备的配备和作用，A项：带上交流工具，符合本段内容，故选A.19. F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲迷路后不要惊慌，此处讲做事前要深呼吸保持镇静，符合本段内容。故选F.20. B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲标记你的位置，发出声音制作标记求救。B项中mark your location与本段内容一致，故选B.第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空 （共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Dandelions（蒲公英） are mon weeds that grow in many places around the world. In different _21_, dandelions take different shapes. Scientists have long _22_ that different habitats led to the creation of _23_ species, and that differences in form are actual proof of different species. _24_, according to Turesson, it is also possible that a _25_ species takes different shapes dependent on the habitats it _26_ in. To study this, I have looked at two dandelions growing in different habitats. The one, _27_ I will call Dandelion 1, grows in a grass field that lies in the _28_. The other Dandelion, Dandelion 2, grows in the shadow, eg _29_ the trees or behind a shed. The grass field is hot and _30_. The shadow is cool and wet. So, what are the _31_ between Dandelion 1 and 2?Dandelion 1 is dark green, and its _32_ are short and quite thick. Most of the leaves lie _33_ on the surrounding grass. The flowers are short. Dandelion 2, on the other hand, looks very differently. The leaves are long and _34_green, Most leaves stand in a vertical position. The flowers also _35_ tall.Dandelion 2 _36_ strong and tall. It is cle