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语法填空模拟检测(二)(共3篇，限时35分钟)A(2018浙江名校预测卷)Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dynasty fell interested in the local drama during his tour of Southern China. _1_ (celebrate) his 80th birthday in 1790, he gathered opera troupes (剧团) from different areas around China to perform for him in Beijing. _2_ the celebration came to an end, four famous troupes from Anhui Province _3_ (ask) to stay, for audiences were particularly satisfied with their great performances, _4_ (color) clothes and interesting facial makeup._5_ (gradual), it replaced Kunqu Opera that had been popular in the palace and among the upper ranks in Beijing. Later, some troupes from Hubei Province came to Beijing and often performed together with the Anhui troupes. The two types of singing bined on _6_ same stage and finally gave birth to a new type which was known as Beijing Opera.Beijing Opera absorbed various _7_ (characteristic) of its forerunners, such as singing, and dancing, and adapted itself in language and style of singing to cater _8_ Beijing audiences tastes. As time goes by, its _9_ (popular) has spread all over the country, with it _10_ (bee) the most popular drama in China.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了京剧的由来及发展。1To celebrate考查非谓语动词。此处表示“为了庆祝他80岁的生日”，故空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。2After/When考查状语从句。庆祝活动结束后/当庆祝活动结束时，安徽省的四个著名剧团被要求留了下来。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处可用After“在之后”或者When“当时”引导时间状语从句。3were asked考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处是在陈述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；troupes与ask之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；又因句子的主语是four famous troupes，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填were asked。4colorful考查形容词。根据空后的名词“clothes”可知，空处应填形容词colorful“颜色鲜艳的，五彩缤纷的”。5Gradually考查副词。渐渐地，它取代了在北京的皇宫和上层阶级中盛行的昆曲。此处应用副词Gradually“逐渐地，渐渐地”在句中作状语，修饰整个句子。6the考查冠词。此处表示“在同样的舞台上”。same在此处作形容词，通常和定冠词the连用，表示“同样的，相同的”。7characteristics考查名词复数。京剧吸收了其先驱的各种特点。根据空前的“various”及characteristic“特点，特征”为可数名词可知，此处应用复数形式。8to/for考查介词。京剧在演唱语言和风格方面做出改变，以迎合北京观众的口味。cater to/for sb./sth.为固定搭配，意为“迎合/适合某人/某物”。9popularity考查名词。根据空前的“its”和空处在句中作主语可知，空处应用名词popularity“受欢迎，流行”。10being考查非谓语动词。bee与其逻辑主语it之间为主谓关系，故空处应用现在分词在句中作宾补。B(2018浙江省名校新高考研究联盟第二次联考)Many English learners work hard _1_ (improve) their pronunciation. If you are not making much progress as you hoped, you are not alone. You may be _2_ (surprise) to know that _3_ number of teachers do not know how to _4_ (successful) teach this skill. Judy Gilbert is an expert, who has written many books on the subject. She explains that, for the past 50 years, most English language teachers havent been trained to teach how to pronounce. Teachers mainly show individual sounds, such as the “wh” sound in the word “what”， _5_ individual sounds are only one part. Other parts include rhythm, intonation (语调), and stress the loudness you give _6_ part or all of a word or words. These _7_ (factor) together make up the system of spoken English. In everyday speech, some words and sounds are almost always pronounced fully and clearly, while others are reduced and less clear. William Stout _8_ (lead) the workshops for 10 years. Stout enjoys _9_ (use) songs and songlike material in his classes. These things reproduce the natural rhythm, intonation, and stress of conversational English. Listening to songs, says Stout, _10_ (help) speed up your progress.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英语学习中的发音问题。1to improve考查非谓语动词。许多英语学习者努力学习以改善自己的发音。根据语境及句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。2surprised考查形容词。你可能会对一些老师不知道如何成功地教授这种技能感到非常惊讶。本句的主语为“You”，故应用surprised“惊讶的”作表语；surprising“令人吃惊的”的主语通常是事物，用来形容某物、某事让人吃惊。3a考查冠词。a number of“许多，一些”为固定用法。4successfully考查副词。此处应用副词successfully“成功地”修饰动词teach。5but考查连词。老师们主要展示单独的发音，比如单词“what”中“wh”的发音，但是单独的发音只是(发音系统的)一部分。根据语境可知，空处前后句之间存在语意上的转折关系，故应用表示转折的连词but。6to考查介词。give sth. to sth.“将用在”为固定搭配。7factors考查名词复数。这些因素共同构成英语口语的系统。factor“因素，要素”为可数名词，因为空前有These修饰，故用其复数形式。8has led/has been leading考查动词的时态。William Stout已经开设了10年的研习班。根据本文的基本时态为一般现在时及句中的时间状语“for 10 years”可知，此处可用现在完成时表示lead这一动作在说话之前已经完成，且这个动作的结果对现在的情况仍有影响；此外，此处也可用现在完成进行时表示lead这一动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在，且有可能继续下去。9using考查非谓语动词。Stout喜欢在他的课堂上使用歌曲和类似歌曲的材料。enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”为固定用法。10helps考查动词的时态和主谓一致。Stout说听歌可以帮助你加速进步。此处为动名词短语Listening to songs在句中作主语，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数；且此处为客观描述，应用一般现在时，故填helps。C(2018浙江绍兴模拟)Youve probably heard the phrase that “sitting is the new smoking”， and research does show that sitting long may be _1_ (harm), even if you exercise regularly.Regular exercise, particularly higher levels of physical activity, may not cancel them _2_ (entire) though it appears to reduce ill effects somewhat. An _3_ (analyse) of more than a dozen studies concluded that we need at least 60 minutes a day of exercise to fight the increased risk of premature (过早的) death due to sitting long. _4_ the contrary, another study found that the same amount of exercise doesnt cancel the negative effects of sitting on insulin (胰岛素) levels and blood fats.The damage from sitting for a long time _5_ (think) to be due to reduced muscle activity, _6_ can decrease the bodys ability to regulate blood sugar and remove bad blood fats._7_ (reduce) sitting time, there are actions you can take.At work, stand for a few minutes every halfhour, perhaps during phone calls, tea _8_ (break) or meetings.If possible, use a desk that lets you work both standing and seated. Or try one _9_ (attach) to a treadmill (跑步机) that allows you to slowly walk while you work.At home, get up regularly from your puter. Make _10_ attempt to stand and do the housework while watching TV.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了久坐的害处并提供了几条应对建议。1harmful考查形容词。空处作表语，故填形容词harmful“有害的”。2entirely考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词cancel，故用副词形式。entirely“完全地”。注意：entire变副词时，不可去掉结尾的e。3analysis考查名词。根据空前的An可知，此处要填可数名词单数。analysis“分析”。4On考查介词。on the contrary“相反”是固定搭配，故填On。5is thought考查动词的时态和语态。此处描述客观情况，故用一般现在时。本句用了“Sb./Sth. be thought to do”句型，故用被动语态。6which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是“reduced muscle activity”，空处在从句中作主语，故用which引导。7To reduce考查非谓语动词。逗号前是非谓语动词短语作状语，再根据语境可知，此处表示“为了”，故要用不定式作目的状语。8breaks考查名词复数。此处表示“在打电话、喝茶或开会期间”。此处break用作可数名词，表示“间歇，休息”，空前无限定词修饰，故用break的复数形式。9attached考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰空前的代词one。one是及物动词attach所表示的动作的承受者，故填过去分词attached。10an考查冠词。 make an attempt to do sth.“尝试/试图做某事”，是固定搭配，故填不定冠词an。
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