2019高考英语一轮阅读理解巩固练6含解析.doc

2019高考英语一轮阅读理解巩固练（6）ADeath rates for heart disease in Britain have dropped by more than 40 percent in a decade， UK scientists will report today.Wide uptake of cholesterolbusting statin drugs(降胆固醇药), healthier lifestyles and better medical practices have seen a huge reduction in deaths caused by heart attacks, stroke and other cardiovascular(心血管的) problems.However, heart disease remains Britains biggest killer.The new study, by experts at Oxford University, shows there has been a 44.4 percent drop in death rates among men in the UK and a 43.6 percent drop among women linked to heart problems in the ten years to 2011.The team pared death rate associated with cardiovascular disease across Europe. They found that Britain has one of the best records in Europe, with 342 deaths as a result of heart disease per 100,000 men in 2011, and 232 per 100,000 women.Some nationsincluding Ukraine, Macedonia and Moldovasee more than 1,000 heart deaths per 100,000 of the population.Overall， heart disease causes 45 percent of all deaths across Europe, but only 27 percent in the UK. The study, led by Dr Nick Townsend, showed that cardiovascular disease is mainly a disease of old age.But researchers said that across Europe it still causes more than 1.4 million deaths in those aged under 75 and nearly 700,000 deaths in under 65s. Dr Townsend said, “Cardiovascular disease results in 49 percent of deaths among women and 41 percent among men.”篇章导读：本文是一篇科普类阅读文，文中讲述英国的心脏病死亡率在近十年来下降了百分之四十多，但心脏病仍然是英国国民健康的最大杀手。1From the text we can know _.Aheart disease no longer threatens the BritishBthe heart death rate among British men is lower than among womenCthe old mainly dies of stroke in EuropeDthe heart death rate in Ukraine is higher than that in Britain答案：D 推理判断题。由第五段第二句可知，英国男人在2011年因心脏疾病致死的死亡率是十万分之342，女人的死亡率是十万分之232。由第六段可知，乌克兰的死亡率是十万分之一千多。故选D项。2What does the word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?AStroke. BCardiovascular disease.CLung disease.DHeart attacks. 3How does the author support his idea?ABy analyzing data.BBy following processes.CBy describing his own experiences.DBy discussing research experiments.答案：A 推理判断题。根据第四段中可知，该研究结果及作者的观点都是通过分析数据得出的。故选A项。B(2017山西太原模拟一)Junot Diaz,The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar WaoThe winner in Culture critics survey is Junot Diazs first novel,about a bookworm called Oscar,who dreams of finding love.It also was named as the number-one book by most critics.“It is a big deal for me to fall in love with a book whose topic is science fiction,fantasy and imagination,” says Elizabeth Taylor,the Chicago Tribunes literary editor.Edward P.Jones,The Known WorldSet in 1855 on the plantation of Henry Townsendborn a slave,now a slave-ownerThe Known World is a success,leading readers into a plex moral time without making simple judgments.Facing an early death,Townsend thinks about the future of his 50-acre Virginia plantation and the slaves he treats the way his former owner,now his teacher,taught him.Hilary Mantel,Wolf HallMantels boldly reimagined legend of 16th Century Europe,told from the point of Thomas Cromwell,winning the Man Booker and National Book Critics Circle awards,was adapted to the stage and has been filmed as a new BBC miniseries(短剧).Mary Ann Gwinn,Seattle Times book editor writes,“I have never felt so pletely buried into a characters mind,not to mention a long ago and far-away place.”Marilynne Robinson,GileadRev John Ames,a small town minister,describes his life and anti-slavery tradition to his young son in beautiful language in this first part of Robinsons trilogy(along with Home and Lila).“ I cant think of a living novelist who writes more seriously and profoundly about religious faith,which has bee an almost forbidden topic in modern literature,” writes Dawn Raffel,who ranked Gilead first on her list.Critic Karen R.Long says,“ This multi-generational story tells a desire for transcendence(超越),and makes a case for spiritual life in the 21st centuryits own kind of miracle.Gilead will be read in 100 years.”1.What can we learn from the passage?A.Oscar likes reading books.B.Townsend worked in a church.C.Rev John Ames likes farming.D.Thomas Cromwell won an Oscar Award.2.What does Mary Ann Gwinn think of the book “Wolf Hall”?A.She thinks its too dull.B.She doesnt like the character in the book.C.She thinks its fascinating.D.She doesnt like some contents in the book.3.Which of the following books will have a far-reaching influence in the future?A.Gilead.B.Wolf Hall.C.The Known World.D.The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao.1.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的a bookworm called Oscar 以及第三句“It is a big deal for me to fall in love with a book whose topic is science fiction,fantasy and imagination.”可知 Oscar 是书虫,热爰读书。2.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I have never felt so pletely buried into a characters mind,not to mention a long ago and far-away place.”可知,Mary Ann Gwinn认为自己从来没有如此沉迷于一本书,可知她认为这本书是很吸引人的。3.A细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知这本书将会在未来的100年中继续被阅读,所以此书对未来有深远的影响。CShark KeeperGet up close and very personal with the Aquariums largest exhibit and its biggest predators(食肉动物) with the new Shark Keeper program! After each participant prepares to feed the sharks and other fishes in the 120,000gallon Lost City of Atlantis Exhibit, they will then get the onceinalifetime chance to feed our sand tiger sharks! Participants will also experience a tour of other behindthescenes animal care work areas and take home a reallife shark tooth.可知。Program Outline：Greeting from EducatorEducational Program: misunderstandings about sharks, biology, pictures, shark tooth parisons, animal overview, what to expect during the experience.Behindthescenes food prepBrief overview of Safety and PoliciesFeedingSchedule：Mondays, Thursdays, and Saturdays at 3：40 pmSession: 3：40 pmLength: 60 minutesRequirements: All participants must be 16.Price: $50.00, plus Admission(Members: $45.00). Space is currently limited to three participants per scheduled session.How to Book: Phone: 631 208 9200，ext.H2O(426)Online: When purchasing your Admission ticket, please select the Shark Keeper addon under the Aquatic Adventures section of the shopping cart.Guests with Special Needs：Long Island Aquarium & Exhibition Center makes every effort to acmodate guests with special needs. Please be aware that to participate in this program, guests must be able to navigate the animal habitat spaces with minimum assistance, and must be able to understand and take direction in English from staff members. To ensure the best experience, please contact the Call Center at 631 208 9200, ext. H2O(426) to discuss your individual needs.Cancellations(取消)：There is a 72hour cancellation policy. Any cancellation made within 72 hours will not be refunded. Noshows will not be refunded or rescheduled. Guests arriving late (after the required program checkin time) will not be permitted to participate in the program and will not be refunded or rescheduled. We encourage guests to arrive at the Aquarium with plenty of time to park, enter, and check into the program. Adventurers should report to the Main Entrance at least ten minutes ahead. The sessions will begin quickly at the scheduled time. Please plan accordingly.文章大意：文章主要提供了去水族馆参观喂食鲨鱼的活动，以及活动日程安排、要求、门票价格等。1After joining the program, you will _.Afeed sharks once a life timeBget a real shark tooth as a souvenirCmeet the biggest predators of sharksDdraw some pictures of sharks答案：B细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Participants will also experience a tour of other behindthescenes animal care work areas and take home a reallife shark tooth.可知2As a guest with special needs, you are expected to _.Amake sure of your individual needsBmove around the center aloneCfollow the directions of staff membersDseek as much assistance as possible答案：C细节理解题。根据Guests with Special Needs: and must be able to understand and take direction in English from staff members.可知。3If you want to give up the program, youd better _.Areport it to the center 10 minutes before the sessionBmanage your plan again with 72 hoursCexpect to refund from the centerDreport the center 3 days in advance答案：D细节理解题。根据Cancellations(取消)：There is a 72hour cancellation policy. Any cancellation made within 72 hours will not be refunded. 取消的话需要72小时，也就是3天。4What information can we learn from the program?AYou can book the program in advance online.BThere is no limit to the age of participants.CYou need to pay $95 at least for the program.DA session is scheduled for 3 children every week.答案：A细节理解题。根据How to Book: Phone: 631 208 9200，ext.H2O(426) Online：，可知，可以网上订票。D(2017福建福州适应性练习)No human has set foot on the Moon since 1972.Now,after more than four decades of inactivity,interest in putting humans back on the Moon is finally heating up again.But who will get there first?CHINAOn 14 December,2013,China successfully landed its Jade Rabbit rover (探测车)on the Moon.It is now working on its next exploration mission.Named Change 4,the mission is scheduled to touch down in the Aitken Basin near the end of 2018.If successful,it will be the first landing on the Moons far side.RUSSIARussia plans a manned Moon landing in 2030.It is currently working on a project whose idea is that the landers will explore the south pole of the Moon,exploring for resources such as minerals and water ice to be used to provide for a human outpost(前哨站).INDIAFollowing the success of its Chandrayaan-1 in 2008,India announced a follow-on mission.Chandrayaan-2 was meant to cooperate with Russia.But when the Russians failed to deliver the promised lander in 2013,India decided to go it alone.Chandrayaan-2 is about to be sent up in 2018.The USAIn December 2018,NASA plans to send up the Exploration Mission 1,an uncrewed test of their Orion astronaut capsule in which the craft will circle around the Moon before returning to the Earth.All being well,a crewed capsule will follow in 2023.Should the mission prove a success,the astronauts will be the first humans to see the far side of the Moon with their own eyes since Apollo 17 in 1972.1.What will China do in its next space mission?A.Improve its Jade Rabbit rover.B.Work with other countries.C.Land Change 4 on the Moon.D.Explore the south pole of the Moon.2.Why did India try to carry out its follow-on mission alone?A.It couldnt find a partner.B.It didnt get the lander as planned.C.The Russians refused to work with India.D.It planned to launch Chandrayaan-2 in advance.3.Which country is interested in resources on the Moon?A.Russia.B.China.C.India.D.The USA.4.What can we know from the text?A.Russia has built a human outpost on the Moon.B.China will be the first to see the far side of the Moon.C.The USA will send a crewed capsule to the Moon in the future.D.Humans have kept active in exploring the Moon since 1972.1.C细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知,嫦娥四号将在2018年底降落在月球Aitken Basin地区。据此可知,中国的下一步空间计划是嫦娥四号登月,故C项正确。2.B细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知,由于俄罗斯没能给印度提供着陆器,故印度决定自己实施登月计划,故B项正确。3.A细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知,当前俄罗斯正启动一项工程,其思路是登陆器将探索月球的南极,寻找矿物质和水冰等资源以供人类前哨站使用。故A项正确。4.C推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“All being well,a crewed capsule will follow in 2023.”可知,如果一切顺利,美国将于2023年发送载人太空舱登月,据此可知,美国将在未来实施载人登月计划,故C项正确。EApril 23 marks the 400th anniversary of William Shakespeares death. Organizations in Britain have planned numerous events to honor him.In Stratford-upon-Avon, his birthplace, the tourism organization has a great number of free events, including performances of Shakespeares plays, and a dazzling fireworks display. And the BBC is broadcasting a live show from Stratfore-upon-Avon, celebrating Shakespeares widespread influence on the world. In Englands capital, the London Shakespeare Centre and Kings College London are holding a series of public performances, exhibitions and activities. It isnt just England that honors the anniversary of the death of this extraordinary writer. In Washington, D. C., the Folger Shakespeare Library, which houses the worlds largest collection of documents relating to William Shakespeare, is displaying a series of exhibitions.Shakespeare is probably the most famous author who ever lived and is considered a genius by most. He wrote around 37 plays and 154 sonnets(十四行诗), and his work has been translated into over one hundred languages! He penned beautiful metaphors(暗喻), serious dramas and amusing tales.Shakespeare also invented many new terms and phrases. If someones behavior suggested they were not being honest and should not be trusted, Shakespeare called their actions suspicious. If someone was being silly and perhaps looking like a fool, Shakespeare found their actions laughable. And Shakespeare called people who offered their opinions on the quality of something critics. Today, for instance, food critics and film critics give audiences their opinions of food and film. The familiar phrase break the ice es from Shakespeares play The Taming of the Shrew. The ice is broken when a difficult conversation or meeting is calmed by some basic introduction, such as a simple game. More mon words coined by Shakespeare include road, gossip, lonely, bump and hurry.Four hundred years after his death, Shakespeare surely lives on, in everyday speech, as the most famous writer of all time!1. The main idea of the text is _.A. the 400th anniversary of Shakespeares deathB. the influence Shakespeare has on EnglishC. the achievements of William ShakespeareD. Shakespeares colorful and fruitful life2. Shakespeare is honored in the following ways except_.A. a great number of free events in Stratford-upon-AvonB. a series of activities in the London Shakespeare CentreC. a series of exhibitions in the Folger Shakespeare LibraryD. a live show of Shakespeare from Stratford-upon-Avon3. According to the next, a simply game to make a difficult conversation easy is called _. A. an ice-breakerB. a suspicious manC. a criticD. a laughable man【文章大意】4月23日是威廉莎士比亚逝世第四百周年纪念日。英国的各种组织计划活动来纪念他。1.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的句子April 23 marks the 400th anniversary of William Shakespeares death.可知，文章主要介绍4月23日是威廉莎士比亚逝世第四百周年纪念日。故选A。3.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的句子The ice is broken when a difficult conversation or meeting is calmed by some basic introduction, such as a simple game.可知，使得困难的对话变得容易的叫作an ice-breaker。故选A。