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Unit 1 Getting along with othersA卷 单项填空1(2018无锡辅仁中学检测)Despite such a big difference in _ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.ApointBideaCattitude DsightC解析：句意：尽管一个人的饮食态度有着很大的不同， 但是毫无疑问西方人把中国的饮食看作是某种特殊的东西。 point“点； 意义”； idea“主意， 念头”； attitude“态度， 看法”； sight“视力” 。 2(2018南京高三调研)A lot of the waste thrown away in the US._ being shipped overseas to China, India, and other developing countries.Abreaks up Bclears upCsums up Dends upD解析：句意：美国扔掉的废物， 许多都被运往海外， 运送到中国、 印度和其他发展中国家。 break up“结束； 解散， 驱散； 关系破裂， 离异”； clear up“打扫； 清理； (天气)放晴； 澄清”； sum up“总结， 概括”； end up“结束； 告终； 最终处于” 。 end up doing“结果” 。 3I think you should phone Jenny and _her for what you did.No way.It is her fault.Ill never _her for what she has done wrong to my parents.Aapologize; forgive Bapologize to; forgiveCforgive; apologize Dapologize to; teaseB解析：根据语境可判断， 第一空要表达的是“apologize to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉”， apologize为不及物动词。 根据No way.It is her fault.以及never可判断第二空应填forgive。 4Workers approaching retirement should be saving more, not less, _ low rate of interest.Ain terms of Bregardless ofCas a result of Din spite of C解析：句意：由于低利率， 临近退休的职工应该存更多而不是更少的钱。in terms of“就而言”； regardless of“不顾， 不管”； as a result of“因为， 由于”； in spite of“尽管” 。5The singer is always very_ to the reaction of the audience when she gives a performance.Asentimental BpositiveCsensible DsensitiveD解析：句意：这位歌手在演出时总是对观众的反应非常敏感。 be sensitive to“对敏感”； sentimental“多愁善感的”； positive“积极的， 肯定的”； sensible“明智的， 可感知的” 。 6_ electronic mail, today you can send a letter halfway around the world in seconds simply by pressing a button.AThanks to BApart fromCRegardless of DAccording toA解析：句意：幸亏有了电子邮件， 现在你只要按一下按钮就能在几秒内把一封信寄出半个世界了。 根据句意可知应选A项。 apart from表示“除以外”； regardless of表示“不管， 不论”； according to表示“依据， 根据”。 7After looking over my plan, the manager hoped I could _ a better and more practical one.Aend up with Bcatch up withCe up with Dget along withC解析：句意：浏览了我的计划后， 经理希望我能想出一个更好更实用的计划。 end up with“以告终/结束”； catch up with“追上， 赶上”； e up with“想出， 提出”； get along with“与相处， 取得进展”。 8Jack must have got very excited when he picked up three awards in total in the music awards ceremony on Thursday night, _ he?Amustnt BneedntCdidnt DhasntC解析：must have done结构的反意疑问句有didnt.和havent.两种构成方式， 如果句中有过去的时间状语， 就用前者didnt.构成。 所以答案是C项。 9We are lucky to be among the generation of people who have _ and experienced the great social changes in our country.Aconflicted BrespondedCwitnessed DassociatedC解析：句意：我们是幸运的一代人，因为我们见证了国家巨大的变化。 conflict“冲突”； respond“回应”； associate“相关”； witness“见证”， 故选C。 10(2018苏北五市模拟)_to too much sunlight, as is generally considered, will add to the potential of catching skin cancer.ABeing exposed BExposedCExposing DTo exposeA解析：此处为非谓语动词作主语， 所以用动名词或动词不定式， 但根据句意“人们都认为， 皮肤过多地暴露在太阳下， 会增加患皮肤癌的可能性” 可知需用被动形式， 所以选A。 11Can you help me with the maths homework, Mom?You cant always _ others help for your homework.Do it by yourself this time, dear.Await on Brely onCinsist on Dturn onB解析：rely on“依赖， 依靠”， 符合句意。 wait on“服侍， 焦急地等待”； insist on“坚持”； turn on“打开” 。 12Im always _ about what I say because some careless remarks are likely to hurt others feelings.Aenthusiastic BcuriousCdoubtful DcautiousD解析：句意：我说话总是很谨慎， 因为一些无心的话可能会伤害到别人的感情。 enthusiastic“狂热的”； curious“好奇的”； doubtful“感到怀疑的”； cautious“谨慎的” 。 13(2018盐城中学高三综合测试)Henry rather than Tom and James _ for the loss.Aare to blamed Bis to blamedCare to blame Dis to blameD解析：be to blame“该受责备， 应负责任”， 是固定结构， A rather than B 作主语时， 谓语动词和A一致。 14The thief admitted _ over 10 motorbikes and now he has been arrested.Ato steal Bto have stolenCstealing Dhaving stolenD解析：admit后面需跟动名词作宾语， 再根据句意“这个小偷承认偷了10辆摩托车， 现在已经被抓了” 可知， 最佳答案为动名词的完成时态。 15 Do you mind if I open the window? _ I feel a bit cold.AOf course not. BId rather you didnt.CGo ahead. DWhy not?B解析：Id rather you didnt.表示 “我倒宁愿你不这样”， 委婉地拒绝对方。 阅读理解A new study by the British government has discovered the mental health of the countrys teenage girls has bee worse.The survey, which included 30，000 14yearold students in 2005 and 2014, showed 37 percent of girls with psychological stress, up from 34 percent in 2005.British boys stress level was actually seen to fall over the same time period，from 17 percent to 15 percent.The reports authors pointed out the “advent of the social media age” could be a major contributing factor for increased stress among teenage British girls.“The adolescent years are a time of rapid physical，cognitive(认知的) and emotional development，” Pam Ramsden, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Bradford in the United Kingdom, wrote in a recent blog post. “Teenagers interact with people in order to learn how to bee petent(有能力的) adults.In the past，they would engage with parents，teachers and other adults in their munity as well as extended family members and friends. Now we can also add social media to that list of social and emotional development.”Throughout adolescence，girls and boys develop characteristics like confidence and selfcontrol.Since teenage brains have not pletely developed，teens dont have the cognitive awareness and impulse(冲动) control to keep from posting inappropriate content.Furthermore，this content can easily be spread far and wide with disastrous influences. “Social media can also feed into girls insecurities about their appearance，” Ramsden said.These sites are often filled with images of people with body type unattainable to the normal person.However，these images and the messages tied to them gradually bee societal standards.【解题导语】一项新研究发现，英国女孩的心理健康状况变得更糟；分析表明，社交媒体时代的到来可能是造成英国女孩心理压力加大的主要因素。1The statistics in the second paragraph show that_Amore and more children in Britain have mental health problemsBfew girls in Britain suffered from psychological stress in 2005Cmore boys in Britain are suffering from mental pressure nowDmore British girls feel psychologically stressed than boys do nowD解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句可知，调查显示，2014年37%的英国女孩有心理压力，而2005年只有34%；根据第二段的第二句可知，同期调查显示，英国男孩有心理压力的从2005年的17%降到2014年的15%。据此可以判断，英国女孩有心理压力的比男孩多，故D项正确。2Contrary to traditional ways of interaction, social media_Ahelps teenagers develop qualities like confidence and selfcontrolBhas many negative effects on girls characteristic developmentCmakes teens aware of potential danger of the inappropriate contentDteaches girls to care about their appearance to meet societal standardsB解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的最后一句和最后一段第一句的“Social media can also feed into girls insecurities about their appearance” 可知，由于青少年的思想还不成熟，自控能力有限，社交媒体对英国女孩的心理健康和她们对外表美丑的判断产生了消极的影响。故B项正确。3The underlined word “advent” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “_”AarrivalBendCdisappearance DinventionA解析：词义猜测题。结合该段内容和下文关于传统交流方式和社交媒体的比较可知，报告的作者指出，“社交媒体时代的到来”可能是造成英国女孩心理压力增加的主要因素。据此可知，画线词意为“到来”，故A项正确。 任务型阅读(2018扬州宝应县安宜中学高三调研)Managers should always have an exit strategy. Because if you receive a promotion or new position, youll need to have a plan in place for your departureincluding a solid suggestion for someone to fill your role. And that means you need to be preparing your employees for leadership now.But, developing your employees into leaders isnt an instant shift so its important to start now.In my experience as a manager, Ive found that these strategies are vital to start developing the skills that will benefit you and your employees.Teach Them to NetworkIts important to teach your employees how to effectively network as soon as possible.You can start small, within your own pany, even when there are pany events eg.sponsored meals, or afterwork events, encourage your leadersintraining to go and more importantly, to branch out beyond conversations with the coworkers they already know.Then, as they grow more fortable, you can include them munity and industrywide eventsand eventually, even send them in your place to represent your pany.When they progress into leadership roles, theyll already have valuable contacts, plus the skills needed to succeed.Give Them the Right ExperienceAs you dole out projects and assignments, give some thought to the unique duties you have as a manager.These are the skills that your employees may not be familiar withbut should, if they aim to move up within the organization.Then, find ways for your employees to start gaining experience in those areas.The same can be applied to other duties that your team may not have much experience inlike running meetings and overseeing projects.Since these tasks typically include managing other employees, the leader will have to make sure the team stays on task, meets objectives, and works collaborativelyall skills that are essential for a manager.Allow Them to Struggle a LittleWhen an employee needs help with a task, he or she typically es to you, so you can either take over or provide the resource that will help acplish the task.And in most cases, fulfilling that managerial duty is perfectly fine.But when youre coaching your employees to bee leaders, Ive found that its beneficial to push them to figure out how to get what they needon their own.Of course, this doesnt mean you canor shouldsit back and do nothing to help.But little by little, let your employees take on more responsibility.Eventually, theyll learn how to get what they need even without your help.Create an Ownership MentalityCreating an ownership mentality starts with trusting your employees and giving them the authority to make certain decisions.This can also mean giving them a little personal time to work on a side project that they think will increase sales.When you make your employees feel like an integral part of the pany, they will naturally rise to the occasion and emerge as leaders.TitleFour 1._that will turn your employees into leadersManagers exit strategyWhen 2._，make suggestions who will take your 3._ before you leave the pany.How to develop skills 4._ to both you and your employeesTeach Them to NetworkTo 5._ with，teach your employees to network within the pany，for instance，have a 6._ with coworkers that you dont know.Give Them the Right Experience7._ the unique duties of a manager，including those that your team may be 8._ and help employees gain experience in the areas.Allow Them to Struggle a LittleWhen employees need help，push them to get what they need by themselves.9._，let them shoulder more responsibility.Create an Ownership MentalityGive employees the right to make some decisions and allow them to feel like an 10._ figure in the pany.答案：1.strategies 2.promoted 3.place/part/position 4beneficial5.begin/start 6.conversation 7.Consider 8inexperienced9.Gradually 10.important/essentialB卷 完形填空One day, while we were visiting my parents on a farm in late summer, Dad mentioned hed always wanted a Crimson King Maple Tree for the yard.Mom agreed that the trees were _1_Like many other parents, mine were hard to _2_ for, so I figured this was a great opportunity to get them something theyd _3_I also thought two would be even better.I checked the _4_ at work and decided it was a bit more than I could _5_but all of my siblings(兄弟姐妹) agreed to give some money to buy the trees.In northern Ohio，you dont plant maple trees at Christmas, so we decided to _6_ Mom and Dad with a special Christmas in October before the ground _7_We asked my aunt if shed help us with the “_8_”， and she called my parents _9_ to say she was ing for a Sunday visit.Then my sisters and sistersinlaw went into _10_，planning a big holiday turkey dinner.On the _11_ Sunday, we all met at my house and _12_ the trees into a truck.I _13_ as Santa Claus.When we arrived at my parents house，Dad was _14_ something was wrong first.He and Mom were amazed when we told them _15_ we were there.When Christmas _16_，of course, we couldnt go to our parents house emptyhanded, so Mom and Dad got _17_ presents that year.Almost half a century later, I _18_ drive by the old farm and smile when I see those big, handsome _19_ and remember giving a special _20_ to special people at Christmas in October.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己和亲人们一起用特别的方式给其父母带来惊喜的经历。1A.distinctive BfragrantCexpensive DprettyD解析：上文提及父亲想要在庭院种植一棵枫树，下文提及“those big, handsome”，故此处应是母亲也欣然同意，认为枫树很漂亮(pretty)。distinctive “与众不同的”；fragrant “芳香的”；expensive“贵的”。2A.shop BrepresentCanswer DcareA解析：根据上文的“Like many other parents，mine were hard to”，下文的“so I figured this was a great opportunity to get them something”以及接下来介绍的作者兄弟姐妹几人为父母买礼物的内容可知，此处指作者觉得父母买东西是很难的，故选shop “购物”。3A.deserve BappreciateCadvertise DimagineB解析：根据上文的“Dad mentioned hed always wanted a Crimson King Maple Tree for the yard.”及下文介绍的为父母买礼物的内容可知，此处指作者认为这是一个给父母买他们欣赏的东西的好机会。deserve “值得，应得”；appreciate “感激，欣赏”；advertise “为做广告”；imagine“想象”。4A.result BnumberCprice DexpressC解析：根据下文的“but all of my siblings(兄弟姐妹) agreed to give some money to buy the trees”可知，作者在上班时查看了一下枫树的价格(price)，认为它的价格比自己能支付得起(afford)的还要高一点。5A.afford BexpectCfancy DhandleA解析：参见上题解析。6A.frighten BassistCsurprise DrewardC解析：从下文作者联合其姑姑来帮忙实施这个计划以及计划具体实施的内容可知，作者他们想给父母一个惊喜(surprise)。7A.warmed BfrozeCsoftened DdarkenedB解析：根据上下文语境及句中的“In northern Ohio, you dont plant maple trees at Christmas”及“a special Christmas in October before the ground”可知，作者他们决定在土地上冻之前让父母度过一个特别的圣诞节。freeze “结冰”符合语境。8A.trick BpurchaseCchoice DdecorationA解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者询问姑姑是否可以帮忙实施这个骗局(trick)。9A.in advance Bin timeCby accident Don purposeA解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者的姑姑提前(in advance)给作者的父母打电话说她会在周日来拜访。in time “及时”；by accident “意外地”； on purpose“故意地”。10A.service BactionCeffect DproductionB解析：根据下文的“planning a big holiday turkey dinner” 可知，随后，作者的姐妹和嫂子(或弟媳)行动起来。go into action “行动起来”符合语境。go into service “投入使用”；go into effect “生效”；go into production “投入生产”。11A.regular BseparateCgiven DchosenD解析：根据语境可知，作者和亲人们在选定的(chosen)那个周日聚到自己家里。12A.sorted BloadedCtransported DtransplantedB解析：根据下文的“the trees into a truck”可知，作者他们把树装上(loaded)卡车。sort“整理”； transport “运输，运送”；transplant “移植”。13A.dressed up Bpassed offClooked on Dstarted outA解析：根据下文的“as Santa Claus” 可知，作者把自己装扮(dressed up)成圣诞老人。pass sb./sth.off as.“把冒充为”；look on sb./sth.as. “把当作”；start out as.“以开始，起初是”。14A.delighted BannoyedCdisappointed DconvincedD解析：根据上下文语境及句中的“something was wrong first” 可知，作者的父亲一开始坚信哪里出了问题。convinced “确信，坚信”符合语境。15A.when BhowCwhy DwhetherC解析：根据语境可知，当我们告诉他们我们为什么(why)会在那里的时候，父母感到很吃惊。16A.came around Bdropped outCturned up Ddrew inA解析：根据下文的内容可知，当又到圣诞节时，作者他们去探望父母。e around “再次出现，再度发生”； drop out “退出”；turn up “出现”；draw in “(白天变得)渐短”。17A.generous BadditionalCdouble DspecialC解析：根据上文的“In northern Ohio, you dont plant maple trees at Christmas, so we decided to.with a special Christmas in October” 可知，作者他们在十月份的时候已经为父母送上了一份特别的圣诞节礼物，而在真正的圣诞节到来的时候，他们又不能空手去拜访自己的父母，故作者的父母那年是收到了双份的(double)圣诞节礼物。18A.even BjustConce DstillD解析：根据上下文语境可知，时隔几乎半个世纪之后，当作者看到那些高大、漂亮的枫树(trees)时依然(still)会面带微笑地驶过那个农场。19A.farms BtreesCtrucks DyardsB解析：参见上题解析。20A.congratulation BgiftCdonation DgreetingB解析：作者看着那些枫树时，会想起自己多年前在圣诞节送给父母特别的礼物(gift)。上文中的“presents that year”亦是关键提示。congratulation“祝贺”； donation “捐赠物”；greeting “问候”。 阅读理解AGrandparents who help out occasionally with childcare in their munity tend to live longer than seniors who do not care for other people, according to a study from Berlin, Germany.“Having no contact with grandchildren at all can negatively impact grandparents health. This link could be deeply rooted in our evolutionary past when help with childcare was important for the survival of the human species，” said Sonja Hilbrand, one of the researchers.The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70. Overall, after accounting for grandparents age and general state of health, the risk of dying over a 20year period was onethird lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren，pared with grandparents who provided no childcare.Caregiving was associated with a longer life even when the care receiver wasnt relative. Half of all childless seniors who provided support to friends or neighbors lived for seven years after the study began, while nonhelpers lived for four years on average.“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society. Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and mentally active，” said Professor Bruno Arpino.Arpino noted, however, that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health and that too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working, being in social clubs, or volunteering.“Children should take_into_account their parents needs, willingness, and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare，” he suggested.“It is very important that every individual decides for himself/herself, what proper amounts of help means，” Hilbrand said, adding, “As long as you do not feel stressed about the intensity(强度) of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.”【解题导语】德国柏林一项研究发现，祖父母适当地帮忙照顾孙辈比不照顾孙辈的老年人寿命长。1What is the caregiving study based on?AHuman evolutionary history.BDemand of modern society.CSocial contact between relatives.DData on many elderly people.D解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句可知，这一发现是从对500多个70岁以上的老人的数据分析得来的。故选D项。2In Arpinos opinion, childcare_Ais sure to keep old people away from illnessesBallows old people to live a more meaningful lifeCcreates more job opportunities for old peopleDmakes social activities inaccessible to old peopleB解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的“Arpinos opinion”定位至文章第五段中的“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society.”可知，看护小孩让看护人觉得生活有了目的，因为他们觉得自己对他人和社会是有用的，也就是说，看护小孩可以使他们感觉生活得有意义。故选B项。3What does the underlined part “take into account” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?ALimit. BIgnore.CFavor. DConsider.D解析：词义猜测题。根据第六段中的“too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities”及下文的“.their parents needs, willingness, and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare”可知，过多的照看责任会使老人无法从事其他有意义的活动，所以孩子应考虑老人的需求、意愿和渴求，同意他们照顾孩子的时间长度和强度的选择。由此可猜测，take into account意为“考虑”，与consider意义相近。故选D项。4What does the last paragraph tell us?AGrandparents can do anything in their own interests.BGrandparents should share more social responsibilities.CProper amounts of childcare do good to grandparents.DCaregiving guarantees every grandparent a longer life.C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As long as you do not feel stressed about the intensity(强度) of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.”可知，只要你帮忙的强度不会让你感到有压力，这对他人、对你自己都是有好处的。由此可知，适当地照顾小孩对祖父母有好处。故选C项。BToo Good To Go is a smartphone app which allows restaurants to sell food that would otherwise be thrown away at discount prices from as little as 2 to a maximum of 3.80, even if the meals are sold from the very finest restaurants in the country. Originally created in Denmark and launched in Brighton and Leeds in June, the service has recently been introduced into the United Kingdom by a c
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