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河南省中原名校（即豫南九校）2017-2018学年高二上学期第一次联考英语试题第一部分（略）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节：请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(共15小题；每题2分，满分30分）ALIPITORABOUT LIPITORLipitor is a prescription medicine. Along with diet and exercise, it lowers “bad” cholesterol (胆固醇) in your blood. It can also raise “good” cholesterol.Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several mon risk factors, including family history of early heart disease, high blood pressure, age and smoking.WHO IS LIPITOR FOR?Who can take LIPITOR:. People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise. Adults and children over 10Who should NOT take LIPITOR:. Women who are pregnant, may be pregnant, or may bee pregnant. Lipitor may harm your unborn baby. Women who are breast-feeding. Lipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby. People with liver (肝脏) problemsPOSSIBLE SIDK EFFECTS OF LIPITORSerious side effects in a small number of people: Muscle (肌肉) problems that can lead to kidney (肾脏) problems, including kidney failure. Liver problems. Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start Lipitor and while you are taking it.Call your doctor right away if you have:. Unexplained muscle pain or weakness, especially if you have a fever or feel very fired. Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, and/or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing. Stomach painSome mon side effects of LIPITOR are:. Muscle pain. Upset stomach. Changes in some blood testsHOW TO TAKE LIPITORDO:. Take Lipitor as prescribed by your doctor. Try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take Lipitor. Take Lipitor at any time of day, with or without food. If you miss a dose (一剂), take it as soon as you remember. But if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose, wait. Take the next dose at your regular time.Dont:. Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor. Do not start new medicines before talking to your doctor.1. What is a major function of Lipitor?A. To help quit smoking. B. To control blood pressure.C. To lower “bad” cholesterol. D. To improve unhealthy diet.2. Which of the following is a mon side effect of taking Lipitor?A. Face swelling. B. Upset stomach.C. Kidney failure. D. Muscle weakness.3. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To teach patients ways for quick recovery.B. To present a report on a scientific research.C. To show the importance of a good lifestyle.D. To give information about a kind of medicine.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D【解析】这篇文章是药物立普妥的说明书。1. 细节理解题。由Along with diet and exercise, it lowers “bad” cholesterol (胆固醇) in your blood.可知立普妥的主要功能是减少有害胆固醇，故选C。2. 细节理解题。由Some mon side effects of LIPITOR are: Muscle pain，Upset stomachChanges in some blood tests可知服用立普妥最常见的副作用是胃部不适，故选B。3. 写作意图题。这篇文章是药物立普妥的说明书，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是给出一种药的信息，故选D。BHow much do you hate waiting for another beer in a crowded bar? Josh Goodman invented a pretty obvious solution self-service beer taps. Goodman, 36, recalled the exact moment in late 2008 when his frustration boiled over. “I was hanging out with my friends at a Baltimore sports bar before an Orioles (金莺队) game,” he said. “We just couldnt get another beer served to us quickly.”Even more than annoyed, Goodman was struck by how much money the bar must be losing. Almost immediately, he got to work on a self-service beer concept. Within a few months, Goodman had launched Pour My Beer in Chicago (where hed relocated to be with his wife).He invested (投资) $ 20,000 of his own funds and partnered with a U.S. manufacturer to make beer tables with two to four self-service taps. In February 2009, Goodman landed his first client (客户): A Baltimore tavern. He spent the next two years growing the business and adding more bars and restaurants. In 2011, Pour My Beer introduced self-service “beer walls,” which let people pour their own beer from taps on a wall.Pour My Beer has expanded to over 200 restaurants and bars in 28 states and Canada. The concept will roll out in Chicagos OHare International Airport this week and in Italy and Brazil later this year. The tables start at $ 4,000 and the beer walls cost as much as $16,000. It generated more than $ 400,000 in sales in 2013 and doubled that in 2014. Goodman expects to take in close to $ 2 million in revenue this year (2015) which would make it the panys first profitable (赚钱的) year. “Our business customers tell us that theyve cut down on waste and theyre selling twice as much beer on average,” said Goodman.4. The underlined phrase “boiled over” in Paragraph 1 probably means .A. came to an end B. was extremely unbearableC. threw up D. was too hot5. Josh Goodman decided to invent the self-service beer taps when .A. His friends advised him to do so.B. He realized the loss in waiting for beers.C. He set up Pour My Beer in Chicago.D. His pany started to make profits.6. What can we infer from the passage?A. Goodman was a businessman before he invented the self-service beer taps.B. Pour My Beer has expanded to over 200 restaurants in 28 states and Australia.C. Goodman did his business all by himself at first.D. Goodmans pany will make more profits in the future.7. Which of the following can best describe Josh Goodman?A. far-sighted B. strong-willedC. kind-hearted D. bad-tempered【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A【解析】5. B 推理题。根据文章第二段第一句Even more than annoyed, Goodman was struck by how much money the bar must be losing.可知让他萌生这个发明的原因除了喝不到啤酒之外，另外一个就是酒吧因为无法迅速给顾客提供啤酒，这样会损失很多的钞票。故B正确。6. D 推理题。根据文章最后一句Our business customers tell us that theyve cut down on waste and theyre selling twice as much beer on average, said Goodman.可知未来他们还会减少浪费，销量还会翻倍。也就是公司会挣更多的钱。故D正确。7. A 推理题。Josh Goodman和朋友一起喝酒的时候，酒吧无法迅速提供啤酒。他就从这样的一个小事中救看到了商机，而且立刻着手行动。这些都说明他是一个很有远见的人。BCD三项在文章中没有完全体现出来。故A正确。CMark felt that it was time for him, to take part in his munity, so he went to the neighborhood meeting after work. The areas city councilwoman (女议员) was leading a discussion about how the quality of life was decreasing. The neighborhood faced many problems.Mark looked at the charts taped to the walls. There are charts for parking problems, crime, and for problems in vacant buildings. People were supposed to suggest solutions to the councilwoman.It was too much for Mark. “The problems are too big,” he thought. He turned to the man next to him and said, “I think this is a waste of my time. Nothing I could do would make a difference here.”Mark thought some more on his way to the bus stop. “People should just take care of themselves,” he decided. “Thats enough to do. I cant take on all the problems of the world.”As he neared the bus stop, Mark saw a woman carrying a grocery bag and a baby. She was trying to unlock her car, but she didnt have a free hand. As Mark got closer, her other child, a little boy, suddenly darted into the street. The woman tried to reach for him, but as she moved, her bag shifted and the groceries started to fall out. Mark ran to take the boys arm and led him back to his mother. Then he picked up the groceries while the woman smiled in relief. Thanks!” she said. “Youve got great timing!”“Just being neighborly,” Mark said. As he rode home, he glanced at the walls of the bus. On one of them was “Small acts of kindness add up.” Mark smiled and thought, “Maybe thats a good place to start.”8. It is known from the passage that .A. Mark played an active part in munity activitiesB. the city councilwoman was responsible for the falling of life qualityC. visual aids were used to display the seriousness of problemsD. many people were discouraged by the many problems facing them9. In Marks opinion, .A. nobody was so able as to solve the problemsB. he was not in the position to solve such problemsC. many people were too selfish to think about othersD. he already had more than enough work to do10. What is the implication of the Words on the bus wall?A. You should be kind to your neighbors and they will treat you the same way.B. Everyone can play his own part to make things better.C. All small acts will add up to kindness.D. Its a small act to help a person in need.11. The passage is mainly about .A. how individuals can help make a differenceB. running a neighborhood meeting to solve its problemsC. citizens reactions to the problems they faceD. solving problems through group action【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. A【解析】这篇文章主要讲了Mark本以为自己解决不了那些社会问题，后来自己做了一件很小的善事，却救别人于水火，从而他明白了一个道理，每个人都可以做一些小事，使得事情变得更好。8. 细节理解题。由Mark looked at the charts taped to the walls. There are charts for parking problems, crime, and for problems in vacant buildings.可知视觉教具被用来显示严重的问题，故选C。9. 细节理解题。由It was too much for Mark. “The problems are too big,” he thought. He turned to the man next to him and said, “I think this is a waste of my time. Nothing I could do would make a difference here.”可知依Mark看，他解决不了这样的问题，故选B。10. 推理判断题。由On one of them was “Small acts of kindness add up.” Mark smiled and thought, “Maybe thats a good place to start.”可知这句话暗含的意思是勿以善小而不为，也就是说每个人都可以做一些小事，使得事情变得更好，故选B。11. 主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了Mark本以为自己解决不了那些社会问题，后来自己做了一件很小的善事，却救别人于水火，从而他明白了一个道理，每个人都可以做一些小事，使得事情变得更好，故选A。DWill there be a time in our lives when cars dont crash? When we can just sit back and relax and our cars will drive themselves. Auto technology experts say “yes”. And they say that some of those advances may happen quicker than you might think.They will require the users to input the name of the destination or the plete address of the location that they want to go and the cars artificial intelligence takes them there automatically without a driver. They will run on solar power in the daytime and ethanol fuel (乙醇燃料) at night. Toyota, BMW and Honda will pletely control the trade of driverless car business together and will have the cheapest driverless cars. Fossil fuels will be pletely inpatible (不相配的) with these cars.Driverless cars will not require a drivers license of any grade to operate. Anyone with basic literacy and puter skills who are at least 16 years of age will be legally allowed to operate the vehicle with absolutely no restrictions. This would give the young users permission to operate the driverless cars on major highways as well as secondary roads without needing a separate classification. In addition to all this, drunken people will be able to use their own automobiles to return home because they are not “driving”, the vehicle.Whats more, car insurance will bee obsolete because there will be no more automobile accidents after the year 2025. This is because the driverless car will have all safety methods in place by the cars artificial intelligence to prevent automobile accidents. Global positioning systems will bee mandatory (强制的) in all newly-manufactured cars after 2010, and will be the most important part in the driverless car.12. Who will not be able to use driverless cars?A. Adults with basic literacy and puter skills.B. Adults who are drunk.C. Adults without puter skills.D. Adults without a drivers license.13. We can infer from the second paragraph that driverless cars .A. will need fewer fossil fuelsB. will not need a humans instructionsC. will run on solar power onlyD. will be environmentally friendly14. What will prevent the driverless car from crashing?A. Artificial intelligence.B. Global positioning systems.C. The people inside.D. Car insurance.15. Which of the following may be the best title of the passage?A. Car safety.B. Driverless cars.C. The future cars.D. New technology in cars.【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B【解析】这篇文章主要对未来无人驾驶汽车的详细情况进行了介绍。12. 细节理解题。由Driverless cars will not require a drivers license of any grade to operate.可知没有驾照的人也可以使用无人驾驶汽车，故选C。13. 推理判断题。由They will run on solar power in the daytime and ethanol fuel (乙醇燃料) at night.可知无人驾驶汽车非常环保，故选D。.15. 主旨大意题。这篇文章主要对未来无人驾驶汽车的详细情况进行了介绍，故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tests and exams assess not only your subject knowledge, but also your ability to use the appointed time wisely. _16_Do._17_ Try to answer the questions that arc worth a lot of points before those only worth a few points. This will allow you to spend more time on the higher point questions than the lower ones, which can provide a big increase for your final grade.Move on when youve used up the time for a question. Sometimes it is hard to do it, especially if you are a perfectionist (完美主义者) or someone that likes to provide as many details as possible in your test responses,_18_ Otherwise, you may find at the end that a large number of questions are still unanswered.Dont.Dont allow yourself to get stuck on a question. You e across a question that you have no idea how to answer. Instead of moving on, you decide to sit there for 20 or 30 minutes annoyed over it._19_ However, setting a time limit for questions and sticking to that time limit can help you avoid this problem._20_ When youre taking a test, focus on the big picture. Your main goal is to answer all of the questions in the best way. Dont spend amounts of time proofreading (校对) your work. It is the task that is best pleted at the end if you have lime left.A. Focus on higher point questions.B. Get answers to the questions you know.C. However, you must force yourself to move on.D. Dont spend too much time on the little things.E. The following can help you make the most of your time.F. Many students feel stressed when taking an examination.G. If youve done this before, youve actually made a mistake.【答案】16. E 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. D【解析】这篇文章作者对考试中如何明智地使用指定时间，给出了自己的一些建议。16. 考查语义理解。Tests and exams assess not only your subject knowledge, but also your ability to use the appointed time wisely.这里提到了明智地使用指定时间，故选E。（以下这些可以帮你充分地利用你的时间）17. 考查语义理解。由Try to answer the questions that arc worth a lot of points before those only worth a few points.可知这里意思是集中精力于高分的问题，故选A。18. 考查语义理解。由Otherwise, you may find at the end that a large number of questions are still unanswered.可知这里意思是然而你必须强迫你自己往下走，故选C。19. 考查语义理解。由Instead of moving on, you decide to sit there for 20 or 30 minutes annoyed over it和 However, setting a time limit for questions and sticking to that time limit can help you avoid this problem.可知这里意思是如果你之前这样做了，事实上你已经犯了一个错误，故选G。20. 考查语义理解。由When youre taking a test, focus on the big picture.可知与整体情况相对应的是小的事情，故选D。（不要花费太多的时间在小事情上）第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“This Friday well have the yearly Egg Drop Challenge,” said our science teacher, Mr. Baker. “You can work alone or with a partner.”My friend, Cassie, and I smiled at each other. We always worked on projets _21_.The _22_ of the challenge was simple-to build a protective container to keep an egg from breaking when _23_ the stadium wall.I made my sandwich that afternoon while waiting for Cassie._24_ the butter-cream gave me an idea.“I have a brilliant design for our _25_ container?” I said when Cassie arrived. “We can _26_ the egg with some butter-cream.”“Why not pit the egg in a basket with a parachute (降落伞)_27_?” Cassie rolled her eyes. “The parachute is better than that stupid idea.”I couldnt believe it. Of course wed had our little _28_ in the past, but shed never called any of my ideas “_29_” before.“Then Ill build mine and you build yours!”_30_ words had been out, our friendship was challenged.When Friday finally arrived, I had to _31_ Cassies Egg Force One looked pretty good._32_, my Egg-cellent Egg Cream didnt look quite scientific. We kids carried our containers up three stadium steps and dropped them over the side wall. Those whose eggs broke were out; those whose eggs survived _33_ three more steps and dropped them again. This would go on till the last egg broke.After four rounds, only Cassie and I were _34_. I let go of my box. I heard someone say “ew” after seconds. Had my egg broken? I raced down the _35_. The side walk was dotted with egg shells (蛋壳) from those _36_ drops. Finally I found my little Egg-cellent Egg Cream.“That looks like egg drop soup, Laura,” Cassie said. She was holding her Egg Force One. My _37_ raced. Had she won? I looked at her basket._38_.“My egg bounced _39_” she explained, pointing to a broken shell.“A tie (平局),” Mr. Baker said.Cassie looked at me, and her glare _40_. I laughed. She smiled21. A. patiently B. silently C. together D. alone22. A. function B. goal C. reason D. result23. A. rolled down B. pushed against C. thrown at D. dropped over24. A. Spreading B. Boiling C. Baking D. Holding25. A. butter B. sandwich C. cream D. egg26. A. protect B. replace C. carry D. mix27. A. followed B. covered C. attached D. supported28. A. ideas B. fights C. worries D. challenges29. A. wrong B. stupid C. brilliant D. scientific30. A. Since B. While C. But D. And31. A. explain B. deny C. admit D. prove32. A. Therefore B. Anyway C. Otherwise D. Besides33. A. paced down B. turned around C. walked up D. went back34. A. left B. wanted C. chosen D. discovered35. A. steps B. way C. wall D. sidewalk36. A. intended B. unexpected C. failed D. desired37. A. eyes B. hands C. feet D. heart38. A. Lost B. Dirty C. Broken D. Empty39. A. around B. out C. in D. down40. A. returned B. remained C. increased D. softened【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. D 39. B 40. D【解析】21. 根据首句，可以单人和两人合作参赛，通过friend/smile以及后文得知，她们总是一起完成项目的。22. 根据后文，制作一个可以保护的器皿来保护鸡蛋在从运动场墙壁上掉下来的时候不被打碎是挑战的目的goal，23. rolldown是滚落， push against是推， throw at是扔。后文提到drop，说明是自然落下。24. 给三明治涂黄油给了我启发。Spread在这里是涂抹的意思。25. 这里是说：对于我们的鸡蛋保护器皿，我有了个不错的想法。26. protect sth. with sth.用某物保护某物，这里是用黄油保护鸡蛋。27. 降落伞是被系在篮子上的， attach是系上的意思， follow是跟随， cover是覆盖， support是支撑。28. 根据The parachute is better than that stupid idea.”降落伞比你那个愚蠢的想法好，得知作者不敢相信她所说的，当然我们之间有过争吵fights，29. 但我的朋友也从来没有说过任何我的想法愚蠢stupid。30. 根据Then Ill build mine and you build yours!得知作者与朋友发生了冲突，话一出，我们的友谊面临挑战。这里用since自从，因为后面是完成时。31. 根据“looked pretty good”说明作者不得不承认她朋友的道具很不错， Admit承认。32. 根据“my Egg cellent Egg Cream didnt look quite scientific”不管怎么说anyway，我的道具不怎么科学。33. 鸡蛋没有破的选手将再上（went up）三个阶梯然后再把鸡蛋掉下来，直到最后一个鸡蛋被摔碎。34. 根据后文得知，经过四轮之后，只有我和朋友剩下来（left）了。35. 根据前文得知，我跑下台阶（step）去看我的鸡蛋是否摔碎。36. 摔下来的鸡蛋是被故意的、有目的的（intended）。37. 因为看到朋友得意洋洋，我疑问她是不是赢了，所以心跳加速（heart race）。38. 根据后面她指了指破碎的蛋壳得知，她的篮子是空（empty）的，我不确定她是不是赢了。39. bounced out摔碎了40. 根据文章最后“I laughed. She smiled”说明她的怒视（glare）缓和了（softened）。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Hongbao, a red envelope with small amounts of money in, is a gift that is guaranteed to be _41_ (warm) received, not just because of the cash, but also because of its _42_ (tradition) symbolism and best wishes for the future. This is true throughout China, especially in the south _43_ people view receiving hongbao _44_ an auspicious (吉祥的) beginning of the New Year.Legend in the south goes that a devil (恶魔) used to appear lo harm children and the elderly _45_ loud noise would frighten the devil away, as did _46_ color red.Fireworks took care of the noise and during the Spring Festival couplets (对联) also helped keep the devil away. But fireworks couldnt go off all day so children and t
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