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Module 3The Violence of Nature.单词语境记忆1.bury the old world and build a new one埋葬旧世界建设新世界2.the problem which should not occur 不该发生的问题3.the houses ruined by the flood 被洪水毁坏了的房子4.a natural disaster 自然灾害5.his previous decision 他以前的决定6.the village submerged by the flood 被洪水淹没的村庄7.a golden feather 金色的羽毛8.tropical forest 热带雨林9.cause huge waves 造成巨大的海浪 10.the climate worldwide 世界各地的气候.词性转换与派生记忆1.cause vt.引起；导致n.原因；事业2.strike vt.袭击n.袭击；罢工 3.damage v.损失；损害n.损害；赔偿金4.experience vt.经历 n.经验；经历experienced adj.有经验的 5.furniture n.家具furnish vt.装备；配备 6.violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的violence n.暴力 7.possibility n.可能；可能性possible adj.可能的impossible adj.不可能的8.terrifying adj.吓人的；可怕的terrified adj.感到害怕的terrify vt.使害怕9.luckily adv.幸运地；幸亏lucky adj.幸运的luck n.运气10.thankfully adv.感激地；满怀感谢地thankful adj.感激的 11.warning n.警告warn v.警告 12.erupt vt.(火山的)爆发；喷发eruption n.(火山的)喷发13.hopefully adv.满怀希望地；有希望地hopeful adj.满怀希望的；有希望的hope vt.& n.希望14.sadly adv.伤心地；不幸地sad adj.悲伤的sadness n.悲伤15.active adj.积极的；活跃的act v.行动；举止action n.行为activity n.活动actor n.男演员actress n.女演员联想记忆1.“毁坏”动词家族damage毁坏destroy 毁坏ruin 毁坏harm 损害injure 损害hurt 损害2.后缀ly副词小结thankfully 感激地truly 真正地bravely 勇敢地quietly 安静地similarly 相似地fluently 流利地3.含后缀ing名词集锦warning 警告，警示feeling 感情；感觉meeting 会议；集会meaning 意思；含义spelling 拼写；拼读4.“气象灾害”名词集合thunderstorm 雷暴tornado 龙卷风hurricane 飓风snowstorm 暴风雪storm 暴风雨5.“地质灾害”名词汇总earthquake 地震flood 洪水drought 干旱tsunami 海啸landslide 滑坡短语背诵1.on average平均起来2.end up 以结束；结果为3.put out 扑灭(火)4.put down 记下；放下；镇压5.take off 脱掉；去掉；起飞；突然成功6.refer to 涉及；提到；参考，查阅；指的是7.turn over 翻过来；翻阅(书页)8.in all 总共；总计词块积累1.on the same latitude在同一纬度2.catch fire 着火3.take place 发生4.from side to side 从一边到另一边5.lose ones life 丧命6.set fire to/set.on fire 放火(焚烧)1.They can destroy houses，but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.它们(龙卷风)能够毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。2.When the lava reached the sea，there was the possibility of a huge tidal wave which could flood half the island.当岩浆涌进大海时，有可能引发巨大浪潮，足以淹没半个岛屿。3.On average，there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year，causing about 80 deaths and 1，500 injuries.平均来说，美国每年发生800场龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1 500人受伤。 4.By the time it ended，more than 700 people had been killed and 2，700 had been injured.等到风停时，已有700多人死亡，2 700多人受伤。.单词拼写1.We should take immediate action to avoid some other disasters (灾难)after the earthquake.2.Playing a lot of puter games can lead to severe damage (损害) to your health.3.The young couple said that they would buy some new furniture (家具) to match their new house.4.The government has given a warning (警告) that a storm is around the corner.5.My grandmother is over 80，but she is still active (活跃的) in many things，which we should learn from.6.Its believed that his final success is related to the full preparations made in the previous (以前的)period.7.Smoking a lot can cause (导致) lung cancer，which has been proved with enough evidence.8.He once said he didnt belong to any country and that he was a worldwide (全世界的) actor.9.Many men were buried (埋葬) underground when there was an accident in the mine.10.Everything in the area which was struck (袭击) by floods last year has returned to normal.词性变化练习1.It is obvious that there is no possibility (possible) that there is any life on the moon.2.It was a terrifying (terrify) experience that I met some robbers on my way home last night.3.Thankfully(thankful)，I worked hard so as to finish the task ahead of time and my efforts paid off at last.4.It is known to us that a violent (violence) earthquake struck Tangshan in 1976.5.Fortunately (fortunate)，a kindhearted man found my lost bag and gave it back to me finally.6.I accepted the invitation to my friends birthday party hopefully (hope).7.Overuse of puters will contribute to the failure of our eyesight，which is a warning (warn) to us all.8.They found the remains of buildings buried (bury) under the sand，together with a lot of treasures.选词填空set fire to，catch fire，on average，take place，pick up，end up，take off，in all1.The book has really taken_off since it was published.2.The Olympic Games take_place every four years on a regular basis.3.Several people died when the hotel caught_fire last night.4.On_average，my son spends one hour doing his homework every night.5.Jason ended_up singing a beautiful song at the party although he refused to sing at first.6.We all make an appeal that the man who set_fire_to the school should be punished seriously.7.Please let me know how much money my son owed you in_all.8.Once you pick_up some bad habits，it is difficult for you to get rid of them.完成句子1.If a person is badly injured in an accident，youd better leave_him_where_he_is.如果一个人在事故中伤得很重，你最好让他待在原地。2.Nature has provided our country with wealthy natural treasures，making_it_a_happy_home_for_us.大自然为我们的祖国提供了丰富的自然宝藏，使之成为我们幸福的家园。3.Many people believe there_is_the_possibility_of_danger in any situation when strangers meet.许多人相信，任何情况下与陌生人见面都会有危险。4.By_the_time Jack returned_home from England，his son had_graduated from college.等到杰克从英国回到家的时候，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。 核心要点突破1.experience vt.经历；体验 n.经历；经验(1)with much/rich experience具有丰富的经验by/from ones experience 根据某人的经验看have experience in. 有的经验(2)experienced adj. 有经验的，熟练的be experienced in/at 在方面有经验单句语法填空/一句多译After a heated discussion，we agreed on making a video to record our experiences (experience) at school.(2017北京高考书面表达)作为护士，她在照看孩子方面很有经验。As a nurse，she has_experience_in looking after children.As a nurse，she is_experienced_in/at looking after children.佳句背诵 For another，I have accumulated related experience by working part time in a travel agency，acpanying some foreign tourists.(2018浙江高考书面表达)再则，我在一家旅行社兼职，陪同一些外国游客，积累了相关经验。名师指津 experience作“经历”讲时，是可数名词；作“经验”讲时，是不可数名词，其前可以用little，much等来修饰。2.cause n.原因；起因；理由；事业 v.使发生；造成；引起；导致(1)the cause of 的原因cause and effect 因果关系(2)cause sb sthcause sth for/to sb 给某人引来某事cause sb to do sth 使某人做某事单句语法填空I still dont know what caused the puter to_crash (crash).A month had passed，but the government didnt find the cause of the mine accident.佳句背诵 I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.(2016全国卷书面表达)我希望这种变化不会给你造成太多麻烦。3.ruin vt.毁坏；毁灭 n.C(pl.)废墟，遗迹U毁坏，毁灭in ruins成为废墟；遭到严重破坏fall into/e to ruin 被破坏了，被毁了be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟单句语法填空/句型转换When they returned to Rockaway the next day，they found their neighborhood in ruins (ruin).It rained for two weeks，which pletely ruined our holiday.It rained for two weeks，pletely_ruining_our_holiday.佳句背诵 Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins，the city took on a new look.在遭受大规模的地震并成为废墟之后不久，那个城市就呈现出了崭新的面貌。4.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心bury ones head/face in ones hands用手捂住头/脸bury oneself inbe buried in 埋头于；专心于单句语法填空/句型转换The old man died and was_buried (bury) in the cemetery.Because she buried herself in the film，she didnt know it was snowing outside.Burying_herself_in_the_film，she didnt know it was snowing outside.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)Buried_in_the_film，she didnt know it was snowing outside.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)佳句背诵 He walked slowly，his hand buried in his pocket.他慢慢地走着，把手插在口袋里。名师指津 表示“专注于，致力于，埋头于”的短语还有：be absorbed inconcentrate onfocus on fix ones attention onbe devoted todevote oneself tooccupy oneself in doing/withbe occupied with5.occur vi.发生；出现；(想法、念头等)想起，浮现sth occur(s) to sb某人想到某事；某事出现在某人头脑中It occurs to sb to do sth/that. 某人突然想到单句语法填空/一句多译It never occurred to her to_ask(ask) for anyone when she was in trouble.我刚要回家，突然想起要去开会。It_struck_me_that I should go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.(strike) It_occurred_to_me_that I should go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.(occur)佳句背诵 Along with your wonderful innovation，you need to hand in a report，explaining how the idea occurs to you and what materials you use.(辽宁高考书面表达)除了创新外，你还需要提交一份报告，解释你是如何想到这个主意的以及你所使用的材料。名师指津 表示“某人想到”还可以用下列句式：It strikes/hits sb that.sth strike(s) sbsb hit(s) on/upon sth sth e(s) to sb6.end up结果为；以结束end upadj./doing sth以而告终end (up) in 以告终；结果为end (up) with 以结束(指以某种方式结束)end up as 最终成为单句语法填空Driverless cars may end up being (be) a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own.Dont waste any time，or youll end up in failure in the exam.佳句背诵 At the dinner we usually begin with soup and end up with fruit.在宴会上，我们通常开始的一道菜是汤，最后一道是水果。名师指津 end up in后接表示结果的名词；end up with后接表示伴随方式的名词性的词或短语。7.leave宾语宾语补足语They can destroy houses，but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.(教材原句)它们(龙卷风)能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。句中leave用作使役动词，表示“使/让保持某种状态”，常跟复合宾语，具体构成如下：(1)leave宾语名词/形容词/副词/介词短语(2)leave宾语分词：宾语与宾语补足语之间如果是逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词；如果是逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词。(3)leave宾语不定式(4)leave宾语where引导的地点状语从句(5)leave宾语as引导的方式状语从句Just as I got to the school gate，I realized I had left my book in the cafe.(安徽高考单选)就在我到达学校门口的时候，我意识到我把书忘在咖啡馆里了。Hearing the bad news，he hurried home，leaving the book lying (lie) open on the table.They had been left alone for days with no food in the house and they felt hopeless.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)Having_been_left_alone_for_days_with_no_food_in_the_house，they felt hopeless. 考纲词汇专练.多义词专练写出下列句中strike的含义vt. & vi.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；突然想到；击；打；报时；擦燃(火柴)；打动n.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；罢工1.When a disaster strikes，you might find yourself without water，gas and electricity.袭击 2.It gave me a shock that an apple fell off the tree and struck me on the head.击 3.I heard the clock striking eight when I woke up this morning.报时4.I was struck by his inspiring words，and I decided to cooperate with him.打动5.It struck me that I would have an important meeting in Shanghai the next day.突然想到6.The workers went on strike for a pay rise.罢工.微阅读写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1.Sugar occurs naturally in fruit.存在于 2.The bank stepped in to save the pany from financial ruin.破产 3.But pared with previous studies，she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting.(2018北京高考)以前的 .微完形根据语境选出合适的词语1.(2018全国卷改编)Getting a little closer，I realized one kayak (皮划艇) was in trouble.“Somethings not right！” I took off my Tshirt and dived into the water.I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle.He was shaking _.Linking arms with one of the instructors，I helped carry the young man out of the water.He was unconscious and as I looked at his face，something _ to me.Those brown eyes were very familiar.“Whats his name？” I asked the instructor.“Ben，” he replied，and immediately I knew.That stranger was my son!A.violently B.softlyC.urgently D.vastlyA.happened B.occurredC.applied D.appealed答案AB2.(广东高考改编)On the whole，our population is getting older.The changes in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life.Some people fear such changes will be for the worse，while some see chances，not _.Today，many men and women in their “golden years” are healthy，still _，and young in mind if not in age.A.cause B.disasterC.damage D.resultA.boring B.careless C.active D.practical答案BC.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式热考常考1.I heard the clock striking (strike) ten when I measured the room.2.I cant put the novel down，because Im enjoying it so much.3.The entertainment center lay in ruins after the big fire.4.The region was hit by a terrible flood，leaving (leave) many people homeless.5.There were 600 people in all attending the cultural exchange activity yesterday.6.The volcano erupted (erupt) and killed all the dinosaurs.7.Last night，violent (violence) winds blew many big trees down.8.He warned me not to_go (go) to the crowded street，but I just ignored his warning (warn).9.Cars are one of the leading causes (cause) of air pollution in the world today.10.It is good for elderly people to be actively (active) involved in munity service.用所给动词的正确形式填空不规则变化1.It occurred (occur) to him that he had an important meeting to attend the next morning.2.The first time he met the smart girl，he was_struck/stricken (strike) by her wisdom.3.Unfortunately，the man was found buried (bury) in the sand.4.She was standing too close to the fireplace and her dress caught (catch) fire.根据语境选出加黑词的正确含义熟词生义1.At the amusing story，the whole class erupted into laughter.C 2.When we visited my old family home，memory came flooding back.A 3.We have been flooded with offers of help after the charity activity.B.阅读理解A(2019温州六校协作体联考)The burst of barking suddenly woke me up.It was 2：30 am.in the early morning.Wondering why Rock was making so loud noises, I decided to go to him.By the time I made it to the bottom of the stairs, he was running up.I felt strange, for he had never e up the stairs, no matter what.I think that was his way of telling me, “Weve got to go back up.”When I got to the top of the stairs, I turned around and saw a light on, but I didnt remember leaving one on.I walked downstairs again, and thats when I saw fire.I immediately shouted to my wife to wake up and get our three kids.I grabbed a knife and cut out the plastic that covered the window to the porch roof.I then forced open the window and kicked out the screen.I got everybody out on the roof and threw a blanket out there so we wouldnt slip off.It was cold, January cold.Then I started screaming for help.But help never came.I was scared of heights, but I couldnt let my family burn up.So I just jumped off the roof and got the wind knocked out of me when I landed.I found our ladder, placed it against the house, and climbed back up to the roof.I wrapped my arms around my daughter and carried my ninemonthold with my teeth, by his little sleeper.Then I climbed down the ladder.Once on the ground, I had my little girl hold her brother, and I went back up to the roof to get my other daughter.Then I went back up again and got my wife.I tried to get my dog, but he just disappeared in the black smoke.I never saw Rock alive again.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述的是一家人如何在大火中逃生的经历。1What happened to the author one early January morning?AHis dog was injured.BA robbery took place.CHis house was on fire.DHis wife disappeared.答案C细节理解题。根据第二段中的When I got to the top of.when I saw fire.可知，那天早上他家的房子着火了。2The passage is mainly developed by _Aanalyzing causesBmaking parisonsCgiving examplesDfollowing the time order答案D篇章结构题。根据故事的叙述过程可知，作者是按照起火前，抢救中，以及抢救后的顺序写的，为时间顺序。3What is the passage mainly talking about?AMy devoted friend Rock.BSome tips for surviving a fire.CHow the fire broke out.DHow my family survived a fire.答案D主旨大意题。第一段介绍了起火前的奇怪现象，第二、三、四段讲述了发现房子着火，及时抢救家人的过程，所以文章主题是一家人火中逃生的经历。B(2019金华十校联考)If you believe in thermometer(温度计), you should believe in global warming.And if you believe in eating fries with your hamburger, you should worry more about carbon emissionsIt wont happen overnight, but as the planets climate changes, the growth cycles of main crops will all be heavily affected.Here are three of the crops that might not beat the heat.The potato actually needs a great deal of beauty rest to develop properly.“They need a cool nighttime temperature in order to start growing the tuber, the part that we eat，” Nelson says.Temperature and altitude are two primary concerns in coffee growth, and farmers are stuck between a rock and a hard place.“We know that coffee grows in a certain temperature range，” Nelson says.“Theyve been moving up the mountains, but at some point you run out of mountains to move up.” Highergrade strains of Arabica coffee in Central American regions are at particular risk due to the need for lower growing temperature, especially since diseases and pests are also being more of a factor as temperatures rise.Even if youre looking at the direct effects of temperature alone, rice is in trouble.“As nighttime temperatures go up, the rice is going to have a problem flowering and wont make as many seeds，” Nelson says.In addition to this direct heat consequence, rising sea levels will flood many rice fields and destroy water salinity levels, while droughts will lower production, raise prices, and further shame westerners who are too clumsy with chopsticks to be able to clear their plates once a new grain is adopted.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了三种无法在气候变化中生存下来的作物。4What is the closest meaning to the underlined word “emissions” in Paragraph 1?AMixture.BPollution.CGoing down.DLetting off.答案D词义猜测题。carbon emissions意为“碳排放”。let off放，放出，意思与之相近，故选D。5What does the potatoes development need according to Nelson?AEnough water and salt.BCool temperature at night.CMuch sunshine and fresh air.DSudden rise of the temperature.答案B细节理解题。根据第三段中的The potato.need a cool nighttime temperature in order to start growing the tuber，the part that we eat可知，土豆的成长需要凉爽的夜间温度。6The rice is difficult to flower, probably because _Asea levels go up suddenlyB.the temperature rises at nightCmany seeds cant be producedDboth temperature and altitude rise答案B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的As nighttime temperatures go up, the rice is going to have a problem flowering and wont make as many seeds可知，水稻很难开花是因为夜间气温升高。7What is the best title for the text?AHow Does Global Warming Affect WesternersBHow Does the Cool Temperature Affect RiceCWhat Is the Real Reason for Crops GrowthDThree Crops That Wont Survive Minor Climate Changes答案D标题归纳题。根据第二段最后一句可知，本文主要介绍了三种无法在气候变化中生存下来的作物。故选D。CReducing plastic waste isnt easy because the cheap material is found in almost every household item.Now, a delicious and nutritious solution has e up to help reduce our dependence on this environmental hazard.David Christian, the cofounder of Evoware, says the idea of creating the biodegradable(生物降解的) products came from concern at the countrys high pollution rate.Indonesia is home to four of the worlds worst polluted rivers.Since singleuse packaging is a large contributor to the problem, Evoware decided to deal with that first.After investigating various materials, the pany settled on seaweed.Unlike corn, monly used for biodegradable containers, seaweed does not require resources like water or large amounts of space.Since Indonesian farmers already harvest more seaweed than they can sell, its easy for the pany to find the material.Though they will not reveal their production process, Evoware says the seaweed packaging contains no chemicals and is safe to consume.The pany has also invented singleuse cups, which can break down 30 days after theyre thrown away.While replacing plastic with the seaweed products may seem appealing to most of us, it is a hardsell in Indonesia.According to Christian, “The awareness to reduce singleuse plastic is still very low.This makes our bioplastic unnecessary.” Also a factor is the cost, which is higher than using plastic.Hopefully, Evoware will succeed in convincing Indonesians and people worldwide that switching to their products will be helpful to protecting our beautiful planet.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述的是塑料制品污染环境，科学家们研发了一种营养且美味的替代品，用海藻产品取代塑料制品。8What problem did Evoware decide to deal with first?AWays to clean the four worst polluted rivers.BMeans to contribute to the countrys economy.CHow to deal with singleuse packaging.DWhat nutritious materials for people to use.答案C细节理解题。根据第二段中的Since singleuse packaging is a large contributor to the problem, Evoware decided to deal with that first.可知，Evoware决定首先处理一次性包装的问题。9Why did Evoware choose seaweed?AIt didnt require much space and was easy to get.BIt could be foun
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