资源描述
Unit 3 Back to the pastA卷 单项填空1(2018南通调研)Now all of our concentration is on _ it is that the global environment will return to normal.AwhichBwhatCwhereDwhenD解析：句意：现在我们的注意力都集中在地球环境何时回归到正常状态。 空及空后是介词on的宾语从句， 宾语从句又用的是强调句型。 强调句型特殊疑问句的结构为： 特殊疑问词is/wasitthat不被强调的部分。 由于题干中的强调句作宾语从句， 应用陈述语序。 从句中缺少时间状语， 也就是缺少被强调的部分。 故选D。 2(2018淮安调研)The three travelers finally reached the home of Berthas mother around dusk, _ 65 miles in less than 12 hours.Acovering Bhaving coveredCto coverDto have coveredB解析：考查现在分词完成时作状语。 因为cover与three travelers是主动关系， 并且发生在谓语动词动作之前， 故选B。3(2015湖南卷)It is important to remember that success _ a sum of small efforts made each day and often _ years to achieve.Ais；takes Bare；takesCare；takeDis；takeA解析：考查主谓一致。句意：重要的是要记住，成功是每天所做的一些小小的努力的总和，它常常需要很多年的时间才能实现。此处success是不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，故选A项。4(2018涟水金城外国语学校检测)Their sudden attack made us more_ of the danger around us.Afamiliar BparticularCawareDdoubtfulC解析：aware of “意识到的”。 句意：他们的突然进攻使我们更加意识到我们周围的危险。5I havent read all of his books before, but_ from the one I have read, I think hes a very promising writer.Ajudged BjudgingCdeterminingDdeterminedB解析：考查动词用法和词义辨析。 judging from.是固定短语， 常在句中作状语。 不管它与主语是主动还是被动关系， 都要用现在分词形式。 6Every boy and every girl as well as some teachers who _ to visit the museum_asked to be at school gate before 6：00 in the morning.Ahave; are Bhas; isCis; areDare; isD解析：该题为一个带有定语从句的复合句， 句中作定语的关系代词who指代先行词teachers, 为复数， 故从句中谓语动词该用are; as well as连接两个主语时， 谓语动词要根据前一个主语决定； 由 every, no, each 等限定的并由and连接的两个并列名词作主语时， 谓语动词要用单数形式。 故答案应选D。 7_ in 1995, the Sea Launch group was made up of four panies from Norway, Russia, Ukraine and the United States.AFounded BFoundingCTo foundDHaving foundedA解析：考查非谓语动词。 句意：Sea Launch组织成立于1995年， 是由来自挪威、 俄罗斯、 乌克兰和美国的四家公司组成的。 这里是过去分词作状语， 与主句的主语构成逻辑上的被动关系。 故选A。 8With the couple _in a nearby town，the house seems pretty empty most of the time.Awork Bto workCworkingDworkedC解析：考查with复合结构。work 和其逻辑主语the couple是主谓关系，表示现在的状况，所以用现在分词表主动。句意：这对夫妻在附近镇上上班，(他们的)房子大部分时间都是空荡荡的。9How long did David work here? For half a year, he didnt leave much_on us.Aexpression BinstructionCconclusionDimpressionD解析：考查名词辨析。 句意：大卫在这里工作了多久？ 半年， 他没有给我们留下太深的印象。 leave an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象。 A表情； B指示， 说明； C结论； D印象。 故选D。 10Two middleaged passengers fell into the sea._，neither of them could swim.AIn fact BLuckilyCUnfortunatelyDNaturallyC解析：in fact常用来表示与上文不相符的某件事； luckily常用来表示一种好的结果； unfortunately常用来表示一种不好的结果； naturally表示一种理所当然的结果。 根据语境， 只有选项C正确。 11The newlylearnt words will be impressed on us only if they are _used in everyday munication.Agradually BaccuratelyCfamiliarlyDfrequentlyD 解析：句意： 新学的单词会给我们留下深刻的印象，只要它们经常用在日常交流中。 Agradually逐渐地； Baccurately精确地， 准确地； Cfamiliarly亲密地， 精通地； Dfrequently 频繁地， 经常。 故选D。 12She refused to follow our advice on the job, _ it would have a great effect on her career.Aeven though Bas ifCnow thatDin caseA解析：考查短语。 Aeven though虽然； Bas if 好像； Cnow that 既然； Din case万一。 句意：她拒绝听从我们建议， 虽然这会对她的事业有极大的影响， 故选A。 13Its said that he will _his uncles business when he is mature(成熟的) enough to deal with public relations.Atake over Bthink overChand overDgo overA解析：take over “接管”； think over “反复考虑”； hand over “移交”； go over “复习， 温习”。 句意：据说当他足够成熟能够处理公共关系时， 他会接管他叔叔的企业。14The representatives were discussing the 11th fiveyear plan that they would like to see _the next year.Acarry out Bcarrying outCcarried outDto carry outC解析：词组carry out 和the 11th fiveyear plan之间是动宾关系， 所以用过去分词形式表示被动。15Oh, this is really an old building.Do you know when it_？ Ahas built Bis builtCwas builtDwill be builtC解析：考查一般过去时的被动形式。 句意：哦， 这真的是一个古老的建筑。 你知道它是什么时候建的吗？ was built是一般过去时的被动语态，表示过去被建， 故选C。 阅读理解ADeborah Cohen is a senior natural scientist at the Rand Corp and the author of the book A Big Fat Crisis: The Hidden Forces Behind the Obesity Epidemic and How We Can End It.According to the book, there are lots of misunderstandings of obesity.1If youre obese, blame your genes.Obesity rates have increased.Yet, between 1980 and 2000, the number of Americans who are obese has doubledtoo quickly for genetic factors to be responsible.At restaurants, a dollar puts more calories on our plates than ever before, because restaurant meals usually have more calories than what we prepare at home, so people who eat out more frequently have higher rates of obesity than those who eat out less.2If youre obese, you lack selfcontrol.Research shows that if we are faced with too much information, we have a tendency to make poor dietary choices.Our world has bee so rich in temptation that we can be led to consume too much in ways we cant understand.Even the most vigilant(警觉的) people may not be up to the task of controlling themselves.3Lack of access to fresh fruits and vegetables is responsible for obesity.Although the US. Department of Agriculture estimates that fewer than 5 percent of Americans live in the “food deserts”， about 65 percent of the nations population is overweight or obese.For most of us, obesity is not related to access to more fresh fruits and vegetables, but to the choices we make in supermarkets.4The problem is not that we eat too much, but that we dont exercise.Michelle Obamas “Lets Move” campaign is based on the idea that if kids exercise more, childhood obesity rates will decrease.But there was no significant decrease in physical activity levels as obesity rates climbed in the 1980s and 1990s.In fact, although a drop in workrelated physical activity may account for up to 100 fewer calories burned, leisure physical activity appears to have increased.The problem is that we eat too much.【解题导语】本文介绍了黛博拉科恩在她的肥胖危机： 肥胖背后隐藏的原因及如何摆脱肥胖一书中介绍了四个关于肥胖的误区。 1The author mentioned Deborah Cohens book in Paragraph 1 to _Aintroduce the topicBdraw readers attentionCintroduce the author of the bookDadvertise the bookA解析：细节理解题。 根据第一段最后一句According to the book, there are lots of misunderstandings of obesity.(根据这本书， 有许多关于肥胖的误区。)紧接着讲了关于肥胖的四种误区。 可知作者提到这本书是为了引出主题。 2What is the relationship between obesity and the place where you eat? AThe less you eat out, the higher rates of obesity you have.BThe less you eat at home, the lower rates of obesity you have.CThe more you eat out, the higher rates of obesity you have.DThe more you eat at home, the higher rates of obesity you have.C解析：细节理解题。 根据第三段中的because restaurant meals usually have more calories than what we prepare at home, so people who eat out more frequently have higher rates of obesity than those who eat out less.(由于餐厅提供的食物比家里准备的富含更多卡路里， 频繁外出就餐的人就比其他人患上肥胖症的机率更高)可知选C。 B“My work is done.” Those words were some of the last penned by George Eastman.He included them in his suicide note.They mark an ignoble end to a noble life, the leave taking of a truly great man.The same words could now be said for the pany he left behind.Actually, the Eastman Kodak pany is through.It has been mismanaged financially, technologically and petitively.For 20 years, its leaders have foolishly spent down the patrimony of a centurys prosperity.One of Americas bedrock brands is about to disappear, the Kodak moment has passed.But George Eastman is not how he died, and the Eastman Kodak pany is not how it is being killed.Though the ends are needless and premature, they must not be allowed to overshadow the greatness that came before.Few panies have done so much good for so many people, or defined and lifted so profoundly the spirit of a nation and perhaps the world.It is impossible to understand the 20th Century without recognizing the role of the Eastman Kodak pany.Kodak served mankind through entertainment, science, national defense and the stockpiling of family memories.Kodak took us to the top of Mount Suribachi and to the Sea of Tranquility.It introduced us to the merry old Land of Oz and to stars from Charlie Chaplin to John Wayne，and Elizabeth Taylor to Tom Hanks.It showed us the shot that killed President Kennedy, and his brother bleeding out on a kitchen floor, and a fallen Martin Luther King Jr.on the hard balcony of a Memphis motel.When that sailor kissed the nurse, and when the spy planes saw missiles in Cuba, Kodak was the eyes of a nation.From the deck of the Missouri to the grandeur of Monument Valley, Kodak took us there.Virtually every significant image of the 20th Century is a gift to posterity(后代) from the Eastman Kodak pany.In an era of easy digital photography, when we can take a picture of anything at any time, we cannot imagine what life was like before George Eastman brought photography to people.Yes, there were photographers, and for relatively large sums of money they would take stilted(不自然的) pictures in studios and formal settings.But most people couldnt afford photographs, and so all they had to remember distant loved ones, or earlier times of their lives, was memory.Children could not know what their parents had looked like as young people, grandparents far away might never learn what their grandchildren looked like.Eastman Kodak allowed memory to move from the uncertainty of recollection, to the permanence of a photograph.But it wasnt just people whose features were savable; it was events, the sacred and precious times that families cherish.The Kodak moment, was humanitys moment.Kodak let the fleeting moments of birthdays and weddings, picnics and parties, be preserved and saved.It allowed for the creation of the most egalitarian art form.Lovers could take one anothers pictures, children were photographed walking out the door on the first day of school, the_person_releasing_the_shutter_decided what was worth recording, and hundreds of millions of such decisions were made.And for centuries to e, those long dead will smile and dance and municate to their unborn progeny(子孙)Family history will be not only names on paper, but smiles on faces.The cash flow not just provided thousands of people with job, but also allowed the panys founder to engage in some of the most generous charity in Americas history.Not just in Kodaks home city of Rochester, New York, but in Tuskegee and London, and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.He bankrolled(资助) two historically black colleges, fixed the teeth of Europes poor, and quietly did good wherever he could.While doing good, Kodak did very well.Over all the years, all the Kodakers are essential parts of that monumental legacy.They prospered a great pany, but theywith that panyblessed the world.That is what we should remember about the Eastman Kodak pany.Like its founder, we should remember how it lived, not how it died.History will forget the small men who have scuttled this pany.But history will never forget Kodak.【解题导语】文章叙述了柯达公司的没落， 以及柯达公司对世界作出的巨大贡献以及作者对柯达公司的敬仰。 3According to the passage, which of the following is to blame for the fall of Kodak? AThe invention of easy digital photography.BThe poor management of the pany.CThe early death of George Eastman.DThe quick rise of its business petitors.B解析：细节理解题。 根据第一段倒数第三句It has been mismanaged financially, technologically and petitively. 可知柯达公司的管理策略不正确导致了它的倒闭， 故B正确。4It can be learnt from the passage that George Eastman_Adied a natural death of old ageBhappened to be on the spot when President Kennedy was shot deadCset up his pany in the capital of the US. before setting up its branches all over the worldDwas not only interested in mercial profits, but also in the improvement of other peoples livesD解析：细节理解题。 根据文章倒数第二段中的He bankrolled(资助)two historically black colleges, fixed the teeth of Europes poor, and quietly did good wherever he could.While doing good, Kodak did very well.可知柯达公司不仅仅是在经济上很成功而且还做了很多善事， 故选D。5Before George Eastman brought photography to people, _Ano photos has ever been taken of people or eventsBphotos were very expensive and mostly taken indoorsCpainting was the only way for people to keep a record of their ancestorsDgrandparents never knew what their grandchildren looked likeB解析：细节理解题。 根据第四段中的Yes, there were photographers, and for relatively large sums of money they would take stilted(不自然的) pictures in studios and formal settings.But most people couldnt afford photographs可知在这之前拍照很贵， 并且大多数是在室内拍摄的， 故选B。 6The person releasing the shutter (Paragraph 5) was the one_Awho took the photograph Bwho wanted to have a photo takenCwhose decisions shaped the Eastman Kodak panyDwhose smiles could long be seen by their childrenA解析：细节理解题。 根据the_person_releasing_the_shutter decided what was worth recording可知这个人是拍照片的那个人， 是由他来决定什么东西值得记录， 故选A。 7What is the writers attitude towards the Eastman Kodak pany? ADisapproving. BRespectful.CRegretful.DCritical.B解析：观点态度题。 根据第一段中的They mark an ignoble end to a noble life, the leave taking of a truly great man.The same words could now be said for the pany he left behind.及通读全文可知作者对于柯达公司是非常崇拜、 充满敬意的， 故选B。8Which do you think is the best title for the passage? AGreat Contributions of KodakBUnforgettable Moments of KodakCKodak Is DeadDHistory of Eastman Kodak panyC解析：主旨大意题。 纵观全文可知文章叙述了柯达公司的没落， 对世界做出的巨大贡献， 以及作者对柯达公司的敬仰， 故选C。B卷 完形填空Not many people can say theyve been hit by a vehicle, but I can. I rode my bike to my daily _1_practice in a gym last summer. I crossed the street as the light _2_； however, a young woman _3_ me with her fancy racing car. Like James Bond in a very _4_ situation, I rolled across the hood(引擎盖) onto the other side of the car. You may wonder _5_ a woman driver could be so careless. The truth is that the woman was on her phone while driving, so her _6_ was clearly drawn away from driving, which caused the accident.After assessing my _7_ and believing that all my bones were undamaged in any way, I _8_ and talked to the woman driver. I could tell she was obviously quite _9_. So was I. After assuring her of my wellbeing, we _10_ ways._11_ my surprisingly shabby bicycle, I went on my way. I rode into the _12_ 20 minutes late.Upon my arrival，my tennis coach and friends asked me why I was late. Nervously, I _13_ the car accident. Everyone seemed to be far more _14_ than I was. In fact, I _15_ joked, saying that now I know how the squirrels feel after a nice escape.After this _16_， I realize the importance of bike lanes and watching out for pedestrians.Now as I drive, I always _17_ for people on bikes so that they do not _18_ the same fate(命运) that I did. _19_， for all the bikers and runners out there, watch out for cars, as one small mistake could _20_ an unforgivable mistake.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”在骑车去体育馆参加网球训练的途中，被一辆跑车撞到，幸运的是“我”的骨头没有受伤。通过这起事故，“我”意识到了自行车车道和注意行人的重要性。1A.footballBtennisCvolleyballDbadmintonB解析：根据第三段第三句中的“my tennis coach”可以判断，“我”骑自行车到体育馆参加网球训练，故B项正确。2A.permitted BbrokeCappearedDexplodedA解析：根据该句中的“I crossed the street”可知，“我”穿过了街道；根据常识可以判断，此举是在信号灯的允许(permitted)下进行的，故A项符合语境。3A.passed BgreetedChitDmetC解析：根据该句中的“a young woman _ me with her fancy racing car”，并结合第一段第一句中的“been hit by a vehicle”可知，一位年轻的女士开着跑车撞到了“我”。C项意为“撞击”，符合语境。4A.romantic BhumorousCawkwardDdangerousD解析：根据该句“Like James Bond in a very _ situation, I rolled across the hood(引擎盖) onto the other side of the car.”可知，就像詹姆斯邦德在非常危险的(dangerous)情况下那样，“我”从引擎盖上滚到了车的另一边。5A.how BifCwhenDwhereA解析：分析该句结构可知，空处在宾语从句中作状语；结合该句“You may wonder _ a woman driver could be so careless.”及语境可知，你可能想知道，一个女司机怎么会如此粗心。how表示“怎么，如何”，故选A。6A.passion BattentionCinterestDexcitementB解析：根据该句中的“The truth is that the woman was on her phone while driving”可知，这位女士在开车时打电话。据此可以判断，她的注意力(attention)不在开车上。7A.needs BbehaviorsCinjuriesDconclusionsC解析：根据该句中的“believing that all my bones were undamaged in any way”可以判断，这是在对“我”的伤势进行评定。C项意为“损伤”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“需要”；B项意为“行为”；D项意为“结论”。8A.stood up Bwalked awayClay downDblew upA解析：根据该句中的“believing that all my bones were undamaged”可知，“我”的骨头都没有受伤；据此可以判断，“我”站起身和那位女司机说话。A项意为“站起身”，符合语境，故A项正确。B项意为“走开”；C项意为“躺下”；D项意为“爆炸，爆发”。9A.rude BcautiousCforgetfulDscaredD解析：根据上文可知，“我”被这位女司机开的跑车撞到；据此可以判断，这位女司机很害怕(scared)，故D项正确。A项意为“粗鲁的”；B项意为“谨慎的”；C项意为“健忘的”。10A.parted BclearedCexploredDchangedA解析：根据该句中的“After assuring her of my wellbeing”可以判断，在让她确信“我”身体没事以后，我们就分开(parted)了。11A.Turning in BPicking upCPutting asideDGiving awayB解析：根据上文可知，“我”被女司机驾驶的跑车撞到；据此可以判断，“我”扶起(Picking up)了“我”的破烂的自行车就上路了。A项意为“交还”；C项意为“把放在一边，撇开”，D项意为“泄露”。12A.garage Bparking lotCgymDbike storeC解析：根据第一段第二句中的“gym”可知，“我”骑车进了体育馆(gym)，故选C。13A.avoided BignoredCpreventedDmentionedD解析：根据该段最后一句中的“saying that now I know how the squirrels feel after a nice escape”，并结合该句“Nervously, I _ the car accident.”可知，紧张之余，“我”提到(mentioned)了这起事故。14A.grateful BinspiredCanxiousDcuriousC解析：根据前一句可知，“我”提到了这起事故；结合该句“Everyone seemed to be far more _ than I was.”可以判断，他们似乎比“我”更加担心(anxious)。A项意为“感激的”；B项意为“能力卓越的”；D项意为“好奇的”。15A.stillBevenCjustDyetB解析：根据该句中的“joked, saying that now I know how the squirrels feel after a nice escape”，并结合前一句他们似乎比“我”更加担心的描述可知，事实上，“我”甚至(even)开起了玩笑。16A.attemptBsacrificeCexplorationDaccidentD解析：根据上下文可知，在这起事故(accident)之后，“我”意识到了自行车车道和密切注意行人的重要性。A项意为“尝试”；B项意为“牺牲”；C项意为“探索”。17A.look outBwork outCe outDset outA解析：根据该句中的“so that they do not_ the same fate(命运) that I did”可知，现在“我”开车时总要密切注意(look out)骑自行车的人，这样他们就不会遭受(suffer)与“我”同样的命运。B项意为“锻炼身体”；C项意为“公开表明”；D项意为“出发”。18A.acceptBdeserveCsufferDescapeC解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“接受”；B项意为“应得”；D项意为“逃跑”。19A.ThusBHoweverCOtherwiseDAlsoD解析：根据语境可知，“我”现在开车总要密切注意骑自行车的人，同样(Also)，对于所有的骑自行车的人和跑步者，他们应当注意来往车辆，因为一个小错误可能会导致(cause)一个不可原谅的错误。20A.repeatBcauseCcorrectDrealizeB解析：参见上题解析。 阅读理解ABelgium is the land of music festivals. There are rock, pop, world, electronic music festivals and more, so youre sure to find a festival that suits your taste.GroezrockGroezrock could be considered the opener of the festival season in Belgium. This festival grew from a small event to an international festival that had 33，000 visitors in 2016. If youre into the harder stuff(东西), this is where you need to go.When? April 2930. Where? Meerhout. Music? Punk, emo, ska and rock in all its variations. Free? No.Sfinks MixedSfinks is a world music festival that focuses on bringing culture together. There are also plenty of things to do besides watching the performances. Good to know for families: Sfinks is a kidfriendly festival, with workshops, storytelling and performances aimed at children.When? July 2730. Where? Boechout. Music? World. Free? The festival is free; the camping is not.Graspop Metal MeetingIf Groezrock doesnt seem rough enough to you, Graspop Metal Meeting might. As the name says, this festival is all about metal, rock and punk. In 2016 the festival received 140，000 visitors who came to watch the more than 100 bands performing.When? June 1618. Where? Dessel. Music? Metal. Free? No.Genk on StageGenk on Stage is a pop musical with not only a lot of Belgian artists, but also some international names. 80，000 people attended Genk on Stage in 2016.When? June 2325. Where? Genk. Music? Pop. Free? Yes.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，涉及音乐节话题。作者推荐了比利时几个重要的音乐节。1Which may kick off the festival season in Belgium?AGroezrock.BSfinks Mixed.CGraspop Metal Meeting.DGenk on Stage.A解析：细节理解题。根据Groezrock部分中的“Groezrock could be considered the opener of the festival season in Belgium.”可知，Groezrock拉开了比利时音乐节的序幕。2Wha
展开阅读全文