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语言知识运用（二）1. 完形填空I have always been an independent person，but I have e to know that being independent does not mean refusing help.I may still be _1_ with asking for help，but I try to accept.Furthermore，I will even _2_ help and when my offers are refused，I am _3_ willing to walk away.And all these changes came from a disaster on an island.Sometimes a persons independence is a _4_ of pride，daring，stubbornness and luck.I used to be too _5_ since I was little.I was once a traveler who never asked for _6_，choosing instead to struggle with maps and signs until I found my way.Then one day on the island of Koh Phangan，in Thailand，everything _7_.I was swimming in the ocean with Sean，my fiance(未婚夫)，when he was _8_ by a box jellyfish(箱型水母)He _9_ within three minutes,25 years old.Yet when onlookers and travelers asked if I wanted _10_，stubborn pride and force of habit _11_ me accepting.But two young Israeli women stayed._12_ my protest，they were with me even when the police tried to cover up the _13_ of Seans death.It was listed as drunk drowning to avoid hurting the _14_ industry.The Israeli women _15_ have walked away._16_，without even telling me，they _17_ their schedule rather than left me behind._18_ I didnt realize it at the time，I would not have _19_ the disaster without these great women.Actually，the person who needs help the most is usually the last person to ask for it.I have learned _20_ is better than refusing because it not only helps you walk out of trouble，but also helps you know the real meaning of life.1A.struggling BdealingCconfused Dsatisfied答案A解析struggle with表示“与作斗争”。根据上下文可知作者还在与是否要寻求帮助作斗争。2A.offer BacceptCseek Ddesire答案A3A.occasionally BfrequentlyCusually Dseldom答案D解析当作者给别人提供帮助而被拒绝时，她很少会心甘情愿地走开。这与下文作者拒绝别人的帮助时，对方还是留下来陪她的经历有关。occasionally偶尔；frequently经常地；usually通常；seldom很少。4A.range BsymbolCway Dmix答案D解析有时一个人的独立是骄傲、勇敢、固执和运气的结合。range一系列；symbol象征；way方式；mix混合，结合。5A.adventurous BbraveCindependent DCreative答案C解析根据文章第一句以及下文的内容可知，作者是一个非常独立的人。6A.money BequipmentCdirections Dsuggestions答案C解析根据本空后面的“choosing instead to struggle with maps and signs until I found my way”可知，作者以前旅行时从不问路。money钱；equipment装备；direction方向；suggestion建议。7A.happened BmessedCchanged Ddisappeared答案C解析根据第一段的最后一句可知，此处表示“一切都变了”，故选C项。8A.attacked BcaughtCfollowed Dimpressed答案A解析下文提到作者的未婚夫死了，此处应指他受到了箱型水母的攻击。attack攻击。9A.sunk BdiedCfailed Drecovered答案B解析根据“25 years old”及下文的“Seans death”可知，此处指Sean 三分钟之内就死了，故选B项。10A.pany BadviceCfort Devidence答案A解析由上文可知，作者正遭受着未婚夫突然去世的打击，再结合下句的“two young Israeli women stayed”可知，周围的人在问作者是否需要陪伴。pany陪伴。11A.kept BpreventedCdenied Dsuggested答案B解析作者固执的骄傲和习惯的力量阻止她接受别人提供的帮助。prevent阻止。12A.In spite of BIn case ofCIn terms of DAs a result of答案A13A.proof BnewsCfact Dcause答案D解析根据下一句中的“It was listed as drunk drowning”可知，警方尽力地掩盖Sean死亡的原因。cause原因。14A.medicine BentertainmentCfishing Dtourism答案D解析Sean因受水母攻击而死亡，警方掩盖其死因是为了避免影响到当地的旅游业。15A.could BneedCshould Dmust答案A解析could have done表示“本来能做，而实际上未做”，此处指那两位以色列女士本来能够走开的，但她们还是留下来陪作者。16A.Therefore BOtherwiseCInstead DBesides答案C解析她们反而宁可延误自己的日程安排，也不扔下作者不管。instead反而，却。17A.delayed BmadeCconsidered Dthrew答案A解析参见上题解析。18A.When BWhileCBecause DIf答案B解析while表示“尽管”。尽管作者当时没有意识到这一点，但现在她相信，如果没有这两位好心的女士，她不会从这场灾难中幸存。19A.survived BexperiencedCavoided Dsuffered答案A20A.refusing BacceptingCgiving Dbegging答案B解析根据下文的“because it not only .of life”并结合全文可知，此处表示“接受帮助比拒绝帮助好”。2. 语法填空It has always been thought that alcohol causes people _1_ (put) on weight because it contains a lot of sugar, _2_ new research suggests a glass a day could form part of a diet._3_ (look) at past studies, researchers have found that, while heavy drinkers do put on weight, light to moderate (适量的) alcohol intake, especially of wine, is _4_ (likely) to protect against, rather than promote, weight gain.For now there is little evidence _5_ consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis _6_ (increase) ones risk of being fat.Whats more, a study three years ago suggested that a pound (化合物) _7_ (store) in red wine destroys fat cells.Boston Universitys Dr.Harvey Finkel, _8_ expert on alcohol research, agreed with most of the conclusions.His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking _9_ the risk of getting overweight.“Alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat.This process could explain the _10_ (differ) in its effects from those of other foods，” said Dr.Harvey Finkel.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，轻度到中度饮酒，尤其是葡萄酒，更有可能预防而不是促进体重增加。1to putcause sb.to do sth.意思是“使得某人做某事”。2but前后两个分句在意义上是转折关系，故用but连接。3Looking“Looking at past studies”是现在分词短语作状语，逻辑主语researchers与分词动作look之间是主谓关系。4more likely这里是将轻度到中度饮酒与酗酒作比较，故用likely的比较级。5that“consuming small to . risk of being fat”是同位语从句，作evidence的同位语，解释说明evidence的具体内容。6increases这里讲述的是一般性道理，故用一般现在时；动名词短语“consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis”作主语，谓语动词用单数。7stored“stored in red wine”是过去分词短语作定语，修饰pound, 分词动作store与逻辑主语pound之间是动宾关系。8an“an expert on alcohol research”是“Dr.Harvey Finkel”的同位语，解释说明“Dr.Harvey Finkel”是一个什么样的人。9on/uponeffect常与介词on或upon搭配，表示“对的影响”。10difference(s)空格中所填单词在句中作explain的宾语且前有定冠词the，需用differ的名词形式。3. 语法填空In my early twenties, I worked in Kuwait (科威特) for several years. One day, a local workmate warned us of a _1_ (e) sandstorm. I had never seen what a sandstorm looked like _2_ I told him I wanted to go out just to see it for myself. I received an _3_ (amaze) look because he thought I was crazy. A Chinese workmate joined me. We stepped off our factory building _4_ our eyes half closed, our mouths closed and our faces covered. We felt safe for the next half hour so we decided to go even _5_(far)Passing through several streets, we saw no one but only rubbish here and there. An hour later, I still couldnt bear to keep my eyes _6_ (wide) open. It was time for dinner and _7_ was pretty dangerous that the sandstorm was going on and getting stronger. So we went inside a small shop, _8_ I could clearly see sand on the floor, and bought some food. I was happy that _9_ sandstorm stopped afterwards and we finally returned to our factory, safe. This was the first time I _10_ (experience) sandstorms and I dont ever want to be in one again.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。全文记叙了作者在科威特所经历的一次沙尘暴的情景。1ing考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处是说沙尘暴即将来临，sandstorm与e之间是主动关系，故用动词的现在分词ing作定语。2so/and考查连词。根据语境可知“had never seen what a sandstorm looked like”和“I wanted to go out just to see it for myself”之间为因果关系，因此，应用连词so连接；也可以理解为，两者之间为顺承关系，可用连词and连接。句意：我从来没见过沙尘暴，所以我告诉他我想出去亲眼看看。3amazed考查词性转换。此处描述作者的同事感到惊讶的表情。故填amazed。4with考查with的复合结构。根据语境及句子结构“with n.adj.”可知，本句为with的复合结构，表行为方式或伴随情况。5farther/further考查副词的比较级。even意为“更”，可修饰形容词、副词的比较级形式；根据语境可知，此处指距离更远，故填farther/further。6wide考查副词。此处“keep my eyes open”中的open为形容词，故用表示具体意义的副词wide修饰。7it考查代词。分析句子结构可知，it为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。8where考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是a small shop，且设空处在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。9the考查冠词。此处特指当时经历的那场沙尘暴，故用定冠词the。10had experienced考查动词的时态。This is/was the first time that . 为固定句型，意为“这是第一次”，如果主句谓语为was，则从句用过去完成时。故填had experienced。4. 短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。It is reported that thirty cellphones taken away by teachers during the examination and were smashed (粉碎) in front of students and parents at a high school.As to that, we hold a heated discussion the other day.There are two different viewpoints about them.Some think it necessarily.Firstly，with cellphones, students would have focused their attention on study instead of wasting their precious time reading junk message.Secondly, the examination will be fair if no one cheats by using cellphones.However, the others dont think so.For one thing, at the age of information, cellphones have bee a necessity.For another thing, students can use cellphones for study.Personal speaking, even if some students use cellphones for no good reasons, we should educate them more than destroy cellphones in such an extreme way.第一处： 在cellphones后加were。“cellphones”和“taken away”之间是被动关系，故在cellphones后加were。第二处： holdheld。the other day表示“几天前”，可知用一般过去时态，故把hold改为held。第三处： themit。句意：关于这件事有两种不同的看法。故把them改为it。第四处： necessarilynecessary。句意：一些人认为这是必要的。形容词在这里做宾语补足语，故把necessarily改为necessary。第五处： withwithout。此处考查虚拟语气，“没有手机，学生将会集中精力在学习上”。故把with改为without。第六处： messagemessages。message是可数名词。第七处： 去掉the others中的the。some.others.表示“一些，另一些”。第八处： atin。in the age of.意为“在时代”。第九处： PersonalPersonally。personally speaking就个人来说。第十处： morerather。句意：我们应该教育他们而不是毁掉他们的手机。rather than而不是，故把more改为rather。5. 短文改错(2016年新课标卷)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。The summer holiday is ing.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.We can chose between staying at home and take a trip.If we stay at home, it is fortable but there is no need to spend money.But in that case, we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.I thought that it is a good idea.It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.第一处： howwhat。“特殊疑问词to do”在本句中做短语“talk about”的宾语，其中what还要做动词do的逻辑宾语，表示“做什么”。第二处： chosechoose。“情态动词动词原形”才可以在句中作为谓语部分，而本句中chose是过去式。第三处： taketaking。本句中动名词短语“staying at home”与“taking a trip”构成并列关系，都作为介词between的宾语。第四处： butand。句意：如果我们待在家里，我们会很舒服也没有必要花钱。上下文之间是并列关系，而不是转折关系，所以使用and连接上下文。第五处： about后加the。在英语中定冠词the通常表示特指，本句中the修饰world特指“这个世界”。第六处： yourour。应该使用our与本句的主语we保持一致，表示“拓宽我们的视野”。第七处： knowledgesknowledge。knowledge是不可数名词，没有复数形式。第八处： 去掉can或canshould。动词suggest意为“建议”时，后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气“(should)动词原形”，所以此处可以去掉can或将can改为should。第九处： thoughtthink。本文介绍“我”和同学们商量暑假旅游的事情，全文以一般现在时为主，所以本句使用现在时think。第十处： manymuch。much代替不可数名词money做动词cost的宾语，而many通常代替可数名词的复数形式。
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