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2019高考英语一轮题型组合练习（7）及答案一、阅读理解。AWhen I was a boy we used to live across the road from a big hill with huge oak trees growing out of it. When winter arrived, thick and heavy snow would fall, and my two brothers would grab their sleds heading over to the hill for a day of fun. I remember watching them with envy because I was still too small to go sledding. Finally, one winter I was considered big enough and joined my brothers as they carried their sleds up the long hill and prepared to ride down it.The first few trips I rode with one of my brothers had the time of my life.It was so exhilarating when the wind whipped across my face as I flew down the hillside on the wooden sled.Near the end of the day I was too overjoyed when my oldest brother decided to let me try riding the sled all by myself. I climbed on it full of excitement and lay on my stomach. Then with one big push my brother sent me down the snowy hillside.I was doing pretty well too until I hit an old stump hidden by the snow and went off course，straight towards one of those big oak trees. My heart pounded in my chest and I could hear myself screaming. At the last possible second I rolled off and the sled crashed into the tree.I could hear my brothers running down the hill yelling，“You have to steer(操控)! You have to steer！”Sadly, that wasnt the last time I failed to steer when some obstacle knocked me off course in my life.Many times problems，troubles, and my own failures have sent me crashing into the trees of anger，frustration, and despair. I am still learning that life isnt always safe sledding. I am still learning that it is up to me to steer myself back to love, back to kindness，back to goodness，and back to God.Life is a trip, but no one ever said it was a smooth ride.Steer well then.Steer straight.Steer your soul towards the light and the love that are all meant for us.【解题导语】作者小时候有一次滑雪时差点撞到橡树上，但在最后一刻，作者翻滚到雪地里才得以化险为夷，同时他学到了一个人生道理：学会自我掌控。1What do we know about the author when he was very young?AHe lived on a big hill with huge oak trees on it.BHe was frightened to go sledding with his brothers.CHe longed to go sledding with his brothers.DHe carried his brothers sleds as they went sledding.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“I remember watching them with envy because I was still too small to go sledding.”可知，作者因为年龄太小不能去滑雪，只能嫉妒地看着哥哥们玩。据此可知，作者小时候很渴望和哥哥们一起滑雪，故C项正确。2Which of the following can replace the underlined word“exhilarating” in Paragraph 2?ADelightful.BTerrifying.COrdinary.DViolent.A解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句“It was so exhilarating when the wind whipped across my face as I flew down the hillside on the wooden sled.”可知，这句话描述的是作者第一次滑雪时在木雪橇上从山上冲下去，风从脸上刮过时的快感。根据第一段作者渴望滑雪的描述再结合下文中的“overjoyed”可知，作者玩得很开心，据此可以判断，画线词意为“令人愉快的”，故A项正确。3Why did the author fall off his sled?ABecause his sled crashed into an oak tree.BBecause he lost control of his sled.CBecause his brother pushed it so hard.DBecause the hillside was snowy.B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I was doing pretty well.one of those big oak trees.”可知，作者撞到了雪地里的一个树桩，然后径直撞向一棵大橡树，再结合该段中的“At the last possible second. You have to steer！”可知，作者从雪橇上掉下来是因为他失去了对雪橇的控制。故B项正确。4What does the author mean to tell us?ALosing control of a sled can be dangerous.BCourage and determination can change ones life. CLife can be controlled by oneself.DLife is a mystery full of coincidences.C解析：推理判断题。通过全文再结合文章最后一段的前两句“Life is a trip, but no one ever said it was a smooth ride. Steer well then.”可知，作者认为人生的旅程不是一帆风顺的，应该学会掌控生活。据此可以判断，本文旨在告诉读者，人生是可以由自己撑控的，故C项正确。BIf you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life，new research may e as a shock. According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1，000 joggers and non-joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉).Over time，this can cause serious injuries.Peter Schnohr，a researcher in Copenhagen，said，“If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy，jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary，and it may be harmful.”The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi，yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than “iron man” events，triathlons and long-distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott，another researcher involved in the study，“You dont actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldnt actually do too much”.1.The underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph l is closest in meaning to“_”.A. hardB. regularC. practicalD. flexible2.The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to _.A. suggest giving up joggingB. show risks of doing sportsC. provide supportive evidenceD. introduce the research process3.According to the scientists，why is too much exercise harmful？A. It may injure the heart and arteries.B. It can make the body tired out.C. It will bring much pressure.D. It consumes too much energy.4.What can be inferred from the text?A. No exercise at all is the best choice.B. More exercise means a healthier life.C. Marathons runners are least likely to die.D. Proper exercise contributes to good health.【文章大意】本文主要讲述了做运动过多或过少都对身体有害，只有做适量的运动才对身体有益。1.A 【解析】考查词义推测。hard耗费体力的；regular有规律的；practical实际的；flexible灵活的。由第一段最后一句“According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.”可知，一点不做运动的人和非常艰苦锻炼的人都极有可能死，故应选A。3.A 【解析】考查细节理解。由第二段倒数第二句“The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉).”可知，做过多的运动有害是因为它可能伤害心脏和动脉，故应选A。4.D 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第三段可知，做运动过多或过少都对身体有害，只有做适量的运动才对身体有益，故应选D。二、七选五。The book A Big Fat Crisis: The Hidden Forces Behind Obesity and How We Can End It by Deborah Cohen, a senior natural scientist, is very popular now. 1 But according to this book, the following are some misunderstandings of obesity or being overweight.1. If youre obese, blame your genes. 2 Yet, between 1980 and 2000, the number of Americans who are obese has doubled too quickly for genetic factors to be responsible. At restaurants, a dollar puts more calories on our plates than ever before, because restaurant meals usually have more calories than what we prepare at home, so people who eat out more frequently have higher rates of obesity than those who eat out less.2. If youre obese, you lack self-control.Research shows that if we are faced with too much information, we have a tendency to make poor choices on diet. 3 Even the most vigilant(警觉的) people may not be good controllers of themselves.3. 4 Although the US Department of Agriculture estimates that fewer than 5 percent of Americans live in the food deserts, about 65 percent of the nations population is obese. For most of us, obesity is not related to access to more fresh fruits and vegetables, but to the choices we make in supermarkets.4. The problem is not that we eat too much, but that we dont exercise.Michelle Obamas Lets Move campaign is based on the idea that if kids exercise more, childhood obesity rates will decrease. 5 In fact, although a drop in work-related physical activity may explain up to 100 fewer calories burned, leisure physical activity appears to have increased.A. Lack of access to fresh fruits and vegetables is a cause of obesity.B. Obesity rates have increased.C. Fresh fruits and vegetables we choose in a supermarket are related to obesity.D. But there was no obvious decrease in physical activity levels as obesity rates climbed in the 1980s and1990s.E. People hold different views on obesity.F. People benefit a lot from physical activities.G. Our world has bee so rich in food that we can be led to consume too much in ways we cant understand.【语篇解读】肥胖是现代社会的主要问题之一。Deborah Cohen 的A Big Fat Crisis: The Hidden Forces Behind Obesity and How We Can End It一书中，作者介绍了人们对肥胖问题的几种误解。1.E 【解析】根据下句由转折意义的内容But according to this book, the following are some misunderstandings of obesity or being overweight.（但该书认为下面几点是关于肥胖的几点误解）可知，人们对肥胖问题观点不一，故E项正确。2.B 【解析】根据下句内容Yet, between 1980 and 2000, the number of Americans who are obese has doubled too quickly for genetic factors to be responsible.（然而，在1980年到2000年，美国肥胖的人数就翻了一番。该速度太快，可见肥胖并非遗传因素所致）可知，此处表示肥胖比例有所增加，故B项正确。3.G 【解析】根据上句Research shows that if we are faced with too much information, we have a tendency to make poor choices on diet.（研究表明，如果我们面临太多信息，我们很可能会就节食作出糟糕的选择）可知，该句应表示我们现在的食物如此丰富以致于我们会被引导以自己难以想象的方式去消耗食物，故选G项。5.D 【解析】根据下句although a drop in work-related physical activity may explain up to 100 fewer calories burned, leisure physical activity appears to have increased.（尽管跟工作相关的体力活动减少导致人们少燃烧多达100卡路里，但休闲体力活动似乎有所增加）可知，在二十世纪八十年代和九十年代，人们的体力活动并未明显减少，故选D项。三、短文改错。Living without an aim is like sailing without pass.If there is no aim in our lives，we will get lose. Last term，I couldnt accept the truth which I failed in my math examination.I decided to give it up，so I skipped from classes frequently.Considered my case，my teacher offered me several detailed approach and advised me to set a shortterm goal to improve my math.Finally，I work harder than ever and made great progress in her math.In my opinion，success lies in a series of goals.However，we should remember to make our targets clearly and spare no effort to realize our dreams.【答案】Living without an aim is like sailing without pass.If there is no aim in our lives，we will get . Last term，I couldnt accept the truth I failed in my math examination.I decided to give it up，so I skipped classes frequently. my case，my teacher offered me several detailed and advised me to set a shortterm goal to improve my math.Finally，I harder than ever and made great progress in math.In my opinion，success lies in a series of goals. ，we should remember to make our targets and spare no effort to realize our dreams.第一处：pass前加a。考查冠词。pass为可数名词，表示泛指，要用不定冠词。第二处：loselost。考查形容词。此处的get为系动词，故其后应用形容词。第三处：whichthat。考查名词性从句。名词truth后为同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that。第四处：删除from。考查介词。skip classes意为“逃课”，故from多余。第五处：ConsideredConsidering。考查介词。此处应用介词considering在句中作状语。第六处：approachapproaches。考查名词。approach作“方法”讲时，是可数名词；由前面的several可知，应用复数形式。第七处：workworked。考查动词时态。根据语境可知，work的动作发生在过去，故应该使用一般过去时。第八处：hermy。考查代词。此处表示“我的数学有了很大进步”，故代词应用my。第九处：HoweverTherefore。考查副词。根据语境可知， 此处为因果关系；后面有逗号隔开，故应用Therefore。第十处：clearlyclear。考查形容词。此处应用形容词作make的宾语补足语，用于补充说明名词targets。四。书面表达。应用文写作假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter最近在某电视台举办的汉语演讲比赛中获得第一名，他给了你重要的人生启迪。请写信向他表示祝贺与感谢。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【写作指导】本题要求写一封信，既表示祝贺又表示感谢。人称应以第一人称为主。基本时态应为一般现在时和现在完成时。书信是考生非常熟悉的应用文体，因此下笔会很容易，但应注意词数的限制和内容的呈现方式。写作时可能用到的表达有congratulations to you on.为向你表示祝贺；admire钦佩；learn a lesson学到了一课；express thanks表达谢意；thank you for.因感谢你等。亮点点击该文结构完整，要点齐全。时态准确，语言流畅。关联词语运用得恰到好处，使整个语篇衔接紧密,逻辑清楚。同时短文使用了一些亮点词汇和高级表达方式，使短文增彩不少。关联词语：that is, Therefore等。亮点词汇：persistence, To be honest, sincere等。高级句式：强调句型(Its from you that I have learned a valuable lesson)，主语从句(what I admire most)等。
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